Demographic variables of the MCIC sample.

<p>Means and standard deviations (SD) are given. HC = healthy control, SZ = patient with schizophrenia. Ethnicity was defined as described under Methods. WRAT3-RT = Wide Range Achievement Test 3 – Reading Test. Parental SES (socioeconomic status) was classified according to Hollingshead, and handedness determined using the Annett Scale of Hand Preference.</p>a<p>significantly different between HC and SZ on basis of Chi-Square (p<0.05).</p>b<p>significantly different between HC and SZ on basis of Welch (p<0.05).</p

Genome-wide association results for SNPs associated with hippocampal volume in the MCIC sample.

<p>SNP IDs with chromosome (CHR), basepair position (BP), minor (A1) and major allele (A2), minor allele frequency (MAF), regression coefficient (BETA), coefficient (STAT) and asymptotic p-value for t-statistic, and corresponding gene regions: <i>KIF26B</i> (kinesin family member 26B), <i>TRPM8</i> (transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 8), <i>LOC283089</i> (uncharacterized), <i>NR2F6</i> (nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group F, member 6), <i>USHBP1</i> (Usher syndrome 1C binding protein 1), and <i>BABAM1</i> (BRISC and BRCA1 A complex member 1). For additional information see Table S3 in File S1.</p

Quantile-quantile plot for MCIC association results.

<p>The empirical and theoretical distributions are shown as dots and line, respectively.</p

Linkage disequilibrium (LD) plot of all MCIC main hits on chromosome 19.

<p>LD is given based on r² estimated using the current dataset. Each diamond indicates the pairwise magnitude of LD, with dark grey/black indicating strong LD (r²>0.8). Figure prepared with <i>HaploView</i> (Barrett et al. 2005).</p

CNVs in regions previously associated with SCZ.

<p>SCZ, schizophrenia; del, microdeletion; dup, microduplication; P, P-value; OR, odds ratio. Position according to NCBI built 36; all P-values and ORs were calculated using Fisher's exact test.</p><p>Two of the patients with a deletion in 1q21.1 and one patient with a deletion in 15q11.2 were already reported by Stefansson et al. <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0064035#pone.0064035-Stefansson1" target="_blank">[3]</a>, three patients with a deletion in Neurexin were included in Rujescu et al. <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0064035#pone.0064035-Rujescu1" target="_blank">[5]</a> and two patients with a deletion and one patient with a duplication in 16p13.11 were part of the study performed by Ingason et al. <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0064035#pone.0064035-Ingason1" target="_blank">[10]</a>.</p

Phenotypic information of patients with a CNV in regions previously associated with SCZ.

<p>Chr, chromosome; DEL, deletion; DUP, duplication; Diagnosis, DSM-IV diagnosis; f, female; m, male; AAO, age-at-onset; Family history SCZ, any fist degree relative with schizophrenia; ., missing data; Position according to NCBI built 36.</p

Genome-wide association results and detailed peak association regions.

<p>(<b>A</b>) Manhattan plot of the meta-analysis performed on early-onset bipolar patients and controls from France and Germany. Physical position is shown along the <i>x</i> axis and –log10(<i>P</i>-value) is shown along the <i>y</i> axis. (<b>B</b>) Detail of the two most associated regions on chromosomes 5p13 and 12p12. Allele frequency differences are represented by –log10(<i>P</i>-values) for the French (open grey circles), the German (open grey squares) and the meta- (open red diamonds) analyses. Grey crosses represent –log10(<i>P</i>-value) for imputed ungenotyped SNPs. The most associated SNP for each region is shown with orange circle. On chromosome 12p12, the lowest <i>P</i>-value (<i>P</i> = 2.1×10⁻⁷) was observed for an imputed SNP (<i>rs10743315</i>). On chromosome 5p13, the lowest <i>P</i>-value (<i>P</i> = 2.6×10⁻⁷) was observed for a three-SNPs window haplotype (light blue line) located downstream to <i>OXCT1</i> and upstream to <i>PLCXD3</i> (<i>rs624097-rs316762-rs10512793</i>). The genome-wide significant threshold (<i>P</i> = 5×10⁻⁸) is indicated by the blue dash line and the dot black line shows a threshold at <i>P</i> = 5×10⁻⁵. The largest differences in allele frequencies are represented with filled diamonds. Gene position and annotation (<a href="http://genome.ucsc.edu/" target="_blank">http://genome.ucsc.edu/</a>) are symbolised by green arrows. Linkage disequilibrium (r²) estimated according to HapMap CEU population SNPs (release 3) is symbolised in the bottom part of each figure. Darker red indicates higher values.</p

Regions associated at <i>P</i><5×10⁻⁵ with early-onset BD in meta-analysis.

<p>OR, odds ratio; Q, <i>P</i>-value for Cochrane's Q statistic; I², heterogeneity index.</p>a<p>position from the short arm telomere based on Hg18.</p