Observed prevalence (solid line) and predicted prevalence (dashed line) of intended hospital attendance by symptom along the travel distance to the nearest hospitals, Asante Akim North District, Ghana, 2008.

<p>Observed prevalence (solid line) and predicted prevalence (dashed line) of intended hospital attendance by symptom along the travel distance to the nearest hospitals, Asante Akim North District, Ghana, 2008.</p

Spatial and temporal location of suspected cholera cases (Mai 2014-December 2014; n = 20,120).

<p>As notified to the Disease Surveillance Service of the Ghana Health Service according to the WHO case definition suspected cholera cases are plotted by district by 5-week period panels. The figure was produced with Arc GIS 10.0 (ESRI: ArcGis Desktop: Release 10.2011).</p

Pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) dendrogram for <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> isolates (n = 45).

<p>The three clusters A, B and C (bold letters) are based on a similarity cut-off of 95% (Dotted line; Dice coefficient, represented by UPGMA, 1.0% optimization and 1.5% tolerance). The geographical location, year of disease onset, serogroup, serotype and multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) results are given for each <i>V</i>. <i>cholerae</i> isolate. Regional three-letter codes: ASH, Ashanti region; CEN, Central region; GAR, Greater Accra region; VOL, Volta region. District three-letter codes: AAN, Asante Akim North; ACC, Accra; ADE, Adentan; AGW, Agona-Swedru; AWS, Awutu-Senya; ASA, Ashaiman; GAE, Ga East; GAS, Ga South; GAW, Ga West; GOE, Gomoa East; GOW, Gomoa West; HOH, Hohoe; HOV, Ho; KPK, Kpone-Katamanso; LEK, Ledzekuku-Krowor; TEM, Tema.</p

Weekly notification of suspected cholera cases.

<p>The Disease Surveillance Service of the Ghana Health Service reports 20,120 cholera cases according to the WHO case definition between May 2014 and December 2014 with a peak number of 2,853 cases in the 35^th calendar week (25–31 August).</p

Antimicrobial resistance for each antibiotic (A) and resistance profile (B) of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> isolates, by year of disease onset (n = 92).

<p>Antimicrobial resistance for each antibiotic (A) and resistance profile (B) of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> isolates, by year of disease onset (n = 92).</p

Minimum spanning tree of multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) for <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> isolates (n = 45) by year of disease onset.

<p>Clonal complexes (CC 1, CC 2, CC 3) were defined as isolates connected through a chain of single-locus variants. Grey figures indicate the number of different alleles. Three-digit codes present the laboratory isolate number.</p

Map of the study area located within the Ashanti Region, Ghana.

<p>The level of urbanicity of a community is indicated by the size of the red dots.</p

Frequency of non-typhoid <i>Salmonella</i> and other bloodstream infections among the four urbanicty groups (Q1 = low urbanicity and Q4 = high urbanicity).

<p>Frequency of non-typhoid <i>Salmonella</i> and other bloodstream infections among the four urbanicty groups (Q1 = low urbanicity and Q4 = high urbanicity).</p

Frequency of non-typhoid <i>Salmonella</i> and other bloodstream infections among the four socio-economic status (SES) groups (Q1 = low SES and Q4 = high SES).

<p>Frequency of non-typhoid <i>Salmonella</i> and other bloodstream infections among the four socio-economic status (SES) groups (Q1 = low SES and Q4 = high SES).</p