Universal adhesives applied to deep dentin with different bonding treatments

Fil: Mirotti, Germán. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Departamento de Rehabilitación Bucal. Cátedra de Operatoria I "A”; Argentina.Fil: Lutri, Mónica Paola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Departamento de Rehabilitación Bucal. Cátedra de Operatoria I "A”; Argentina.Fil: Kraemer, María Elis. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Departamento de Rehabilitación Bucal. Cátedra de Operatoria I "A”; Argentina.Fil: Monserrat, Natalia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Departamento de Rehabilitación Bucal. Cátedra de Operatoria I "A”; Argentina.Fil: Piconi, María Celeste. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Departamento de Rehabilitación Bucal. Cátedra de Operatoria I "A”; Argentina.Fil: Caballero, Alicia L. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Departamento de Rehabilitación Bucal. Cátedra de Operatoria I "A”; Argentina.Fil: Rozas, Carlos A.. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Departamento de Rehabilitación Bucal. Cátedra de Operatoria I "A”; Argentina.Fil: Croharé, Luis M. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Área de Biología Odontológica; Argentina.Fil: Sezin, Mario. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Departamento de Rehabilitación Bucal. Cátedra de Operatoria I "A”; Argentina.Eighth-generation adhesives may be applied with total etch, selective-etch or self-conditioning, and serve as primers for non-dental substrates. Aim: To determine the bonding characteristics of universal adhesives applied to the deep pulp wall with different strategies, by means of shear bond strength and laser microscopy. Materials and Method: Cavities 4 mm deep and maximum width were carved in 36 extracted molars. Nine groups were formed according to dental substrate treatment and adhesives, as follows: Total-etch: group 1-Monobond 7 self-etch, group 2-One coat 7 universal, and group 3-Single bond universal; Adamantine etch: group 4-Monobond 7 self-etch, group 5-One coat 7 universal, and group 6-Single bond universal; Self-conditioning: group 7-Monobond 7 self-etch, group 8-One coat 7 universal, and group 9-Single bond universal. Molars were filled following the manufacturer?s instructions. Three specimens per group (27 altogether) were used to determine shear bond strength using a universal testing machine, while layer thicknesses were measured on the remaining specimens using microscope images and Olympus LEXT 3D Software. Analysis of variance was used to compare data. Results: Mean (standard deviation) bond strength in megapascals (MPa) was: group 1: 7.06±3.01; group 2: 10.74±4.36; group 3: 8.20±3.92; group 4: 7.41±2.23; group 5: 6.84±1.50; group 6: 5.86±2.10; group 7: 5.83±1.94; group 8: 7.14±2.37; group 9: 8.06±3.51. Bond strength was higher (p=0.049) for total-etch (8.61±3.96) than for selective etch (6.71±1.98) and self-conditioning (6.91±2.68). No significant difference was found among the three adhesives (p=0.205). Adhesive layer in micrometers (μm) was total-etch 8.71±4.93, selective etch 5.49±1.70 and self-conditioning 6.27±3.01, with no significant difference. Conclusions: There were significant differences among bonding strategies, with the highest values for total-etch. No significant difference was observed between self-conditioning and selective etch. No significant difference was found among the adhesives, which all behaved similarly. The greatest adhesive layer thicknesses were recorded in the total-etch group, with no significant difference among the various adhesive approaches.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionFil: Mirotti, Germán. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Departamento de Rehabilitación Bucal. Cátedra de Operatoria I "A”; Argentina.Fil: Lutri, Mónica Paola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Departamento de Rehabilitación Bucal. Cátedra de Operatoria I "A”; Argentina.Fil: Kraemer, María Elis. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Departamento de Rehabilitación Bucal. Cátedra de Operatoria I "A”; Argentina.Fil: Monserrat, Natalia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Departamento de Rehabilitación Bucal. Cátedra de Operatoria I "A”; Argentina.Fil: Piconi, María Celeste. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Departamento de Rehabilitación Bucal. Cátedra de Operatoria I "A”; Argentina.Fil: Caballero, Alicia L. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Departamento de Rehabilitación Bucal. Cátedra de Operatoria I "A”; Argentina.Fil: Rozas, Carlos A.. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Departamento de Rehabilitación Bucal. Cátedra de Operatoria I "A”; Argentina.Fil: Croharé, Luis M. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Área de Biología Odontológica; Argentina.Fil: Sezin, Mario. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología. Departamento de Rehabilitación Bucal. Cátedra de Operatoria I "A”; Argentina.Otras Ciencias de la Salu

Un altro mondo è possibile. Collaborare per trasformare, numero monografico

Il tema della presente Call riguarda quelle innumerevoli forme di immaginazione, mobilitazione, partecipazione e condivisione sociale che si sviluppano negli spazi interstiziali delle società e che, seppure marginali, sembrano oggi rappresentare forze attive di cambiamento critico (Long, Moore, 2012; Moulaert, Vicari, Haddock 2009; Gasparini, 2002). Si tratta di costruzioni collettive e pratiche esperenziali che fanno leva su modalità innovative di collaborazione e cooperazione e intendono agire con finalità trasformative rispetto alle tradizionali dinamiche di riproduzione sociale

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emission Profiles and Removal Efficiency by Electrostatic Precipitator and Wetfine Scrubber in an Iron Ore Sintering Plant

A monitoring campaign of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and polychlorinated biphenyl was carried out in an Italian iron ore sintering plant by sampling the combustion gases at the electrostatic precipitator (ESP) outlet, at the Wetfine scrubber (WS) outlet, and by collecting the ESP dust. Few data are available on these micropollutants produced in iron ore sintering plants, particularly from Italian plants. This study investigates the PAH emission profiles and the removal efficiency of ESPs and WS. PAHs were determined at the stack, ESP outlet flue gases, and in ESP dust to characterize the emission profiles and the performance of the ESP and the WS for reducing PAH emission. The 11 PAHs monitored are listed in the Italian legislative decree 152/2006. The mean total PAH sum concentration in the stack flue gases is 3.96 mu g/N center dot m(3), in ESP outlet flue gases is 9.73 mu g/N center dot m(3), and in ESP dust is 0.53 mu g/g. Regarding the emission profiles, the most abundant compound is benzo(b)fluoranthene, which has a relative low BaP toxic equivalency factors (TEF) value, followed by dibenzo(a,l)pyrene, which has a very high BaP(TEF) value. The emission profiles in ESP dust and in the flue gases after the ESP show some changes, whereas the fingerprint in ESP and stack flue gases is very similar. The removal efficiency of the ESP and of WS on the total PAH concentration is 5.2 and 59.5%, respectively

Assessment of groundwater volumes and quality suitability for different uses

Groundwater resources have a great potential to satisfy human needs. In each case of study, volumes and water quality are essential aspects to be evaluated. The objective of this work is to assess the hydrogeological and geochemical aspects of the unconfined aquifer of the Campus of the National University of Rio Cuarto and its surroundings to determine groundwater reserves and the groundwater quality for irrigation, cattle and human consumption. The results show that there is an important geochemical homogeneity in the studied area and all the water samples are fresh (lt600 uS/cm), most of calcium bicarbonate type. All the analyzed chemical variables show low values and do not surpass the established guidelines for human consumption, irrigation and cattle uses. There is an encouraging scenario with regard to the available groundwater volume. Considering that the aquifer is made up by coarse fluvial sediments and has high hydraulic conductivity and specific porosity, the estimated Regular and Total Reserves are plentiful. Only the regular reserves are enough to supply water to the different activities in the Campus (personnel, garden irrigation and experimental tasks). Also the unconfined aquifer shows an important rate of water annual replenishment from precipitations (20-28%), a very promising situation to the maintenance of groundwater reserves

Hydrodynamic and hydrogeochemical evaluation of groundwater and linkage with herbicide pollution: Central Argentina

Surface water and unconfined and semiconfined (SAC B) aquifers of Marcos Juárez plain, in the central Pampa of Argentina, were studied to assess hydrogeological features and the presence and distribution of herbicides in water. The studied area, located near a regional hydrological discharge area shows streams and channels of high salinity fed by the groundwater with low values of herbicides as a consequence of hydrodynamic dispersion. The unconfined and semiconfined aquifers (SAC B) are impacted by the presence of herbicides although the percentage of positive samples is low. The unconfined aquifer, directly connected to the atmospheric phase, has a shallow water table being more likely to be reached by effective water infiltration. Despite their high Koc and low GUS index, glyphosate and AMPA were present in the highest concentrations in the unconfined aquifer. It is assumed that this situation is the result of its widespread use, its high solubility in water, and its high persistence. The chemical characteristics of metolachlor and imazethapyr, such as their relatively low Koc, moderate and high GUS index, and high persistence have allowed also their leaching into groundwater. Herbicide migration from the unconfined aquifer to the semiconfined aquifer layer in the loessical plain can occur due to the differences in their hydraulic potential. This situation facilitates the mixing of water, a process that is interpreted through fractures or cracks in the confining units (aquitards) or due to the presence of broken old pipes. The multivariate statistical analysis of the unconfined groundwater chemistry leads us to the conclusion that approximately 53% of the variance is explained by different levels of salinization resulting from natural geochemical processes (such as cation exchange, dissolution of salts, etc.), while the remaining 47% is attributed to contamination processes (arrival of herbicides and nitrates). The second and third positions of herbicides in the PCA analysis demonstrate the impact of agricultural activity, especially in the unconfined aquifer.Fil: Giacobone, Daniela Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Lutri, Veronica Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geologia. Cat.de Hidrogeologia; ArgentinaFil: Blarasin, M.. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geologia. Cat.de Hidrogeologia; ArgentinaFil: Matteoda, E.. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geologia. Cat.de Hidrogeologia; ArgentinaFil: Cabrera, A. E.. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geologia. Cat.de Hidrogeologia; ArgentinaFil: Bécher Quinodóz, Fátima Noelia. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geologia. Cat.de Hidrogeologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Schroeter, G.. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geologia. Cat.de Hidrogeologia; ArgentinaFil: Pramparo, Santiago Javier. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geologia. Cat.de Hidrogeologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Pascuini, Miguel Angel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geologia. Cat.de Hidrogeologia; Argentin

Characterization of groundwater dynamics and contamination in an unconfined aquifer using isotope techniques to evaluate domestic supply in an urban area

In the urban area of Rio Cuarto groundwater is used for domestic supply. The objective of the current research was to investigate the water dynamics and nitrate contamination in an unconfined aquifer system of Rio Cuarto River basin. Stable isotopes of water (δ18O and δ2H) and nitrate (δ15N–NO3 and δ18O–NO3) were used and combined with conventional chemical techniques and mixing modelling approaches to determine the recharge areas and identify the main origin of nitrate pollution. More enriched water isotope values were recorded in Rio Cuarto city than in the piedmont and mountains indicating local recharge for well batteries 2 and 3. The well battery 1 and the infiltration gallery showed more negative isotopic values, demonstrating a strong influence by the recharge from the piedmont sector (impoverished groundwater). The δ15N–NO3 values and the Bayesian modeling showed that the dominant nitrate contamination source in the urban area is the on-site sanitation systems whereas in the peri-urban area nitrate contamination originates mostly from animal wastes. Both sources supply the aquifer with anthropogenic organic matter (>50%). The highest δ15N–NO3 values were correlated with low dissolved oxygen values, indicating the occurrence of denitrification processes in some places. High NO3 ions in the rural sector were attributed to the application of fertilizers and consequent nitrification processes. The samples from Rio Cuarto river located upstream of the Rio Cuarto City and close to the infiltration gallery showed the highest input from fertilizers (~40%), due to surrounding agricultural fields. The municipal well batteries showed good water quality (freshwater of low to extremely low nitrate concentration) which is linked to the high hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer that increases its capacity to dilute the contaminants. These results will be useful for local water administrators to improve water management.Fil: Blarasin, Mónica Teresa. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología; ArgentinaFil: Matiatos, I.. International Atomic Energy Agency (iaea); AustriaFil: Cabrera, A.. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología; ArgentinaFil: Lutri, Veronica Florencia. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Giacobone, Daniela Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Bécher Quinodóz, Fátima Noelia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Matteoda, E.. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología; ArgentinaFil: Eric, C.. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología; ArgentinaFil: Felizzia, J.. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología; ArgentinaFil: Giuliano Albo, J.. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología; Argentin