The technical growth and development of signals

Technical Growth and Development of Signals will not be confined to the sequence of changes that have taken place in our own Indian Corps of Signals during the past years but to the technique of signaling as a generic subject with an international appreciation. Author propose to explain very briefly, owing to the limitation of time, how through the ages, the supporting arm of Signals has been an inseparable part of the field Army and the manner in which methods of signaling and equipment have undergone changes to conform to the growing needs of land operations. As the fighting arms of the Army became more and more mechanized, complex, widely dispersed and capable of holding larger frontages, so did the signaling arm undergo development to cope with the ever growing needs of field commanders to maintain control over their troops

Supersolid and solitonic phases in one-dimensional Extended Bose-Hubbard model

We report our findings on quantum phase transitions in cold bosonic atoms in a one dimensional optical lattice using the finite size density matrix renormalization group method in the framework of the extended Bose-Hubbard model. We consider wide ranges of values for the filling factors and the nearest neighbor interactions. At commensurate fillings, we obtain two different types of charge density wave phases and a Mott insulator phase. However, departure from commensurate fillings yield the exotic supersolid phase where both the crystalline and the superfluid orders coexist. In addition, we obtain signatures for solitary waves and also superfluidity.Comment: 7 pages, 11 figure

Radiation prosthesis: A review

Radiation has been used for the treatment of various head and neck tumors. Sadly, this treatment causes complications by increasing the mortality of the neighboring tissues. In radiation of the oral cavity and the paranasal sinuses tumors, the level of which the tissues are included in the radiation treatment portals will determine the gravity of the oral unease during treatment. Affecting the nutritional status of the patients and may finally affect the total dose of radiation which the patients can receive for the treatment. The adverse tissue reactions are discomforting and also lowers the life’s quality, mostly dispiriting the patient from undergoing therapy. Radiation prostheses can prevent the unnecessary irradiation of the surrounding normal tissues, therefore reducing the severity of reactions. Since the use of these stents is personalized, close association between the radiotherapist and prosthodontist is essential. This article aims at presenting the various prostheses that can be used by the oral cancer patients to receive better treatment and reduce post radiation difficulties

Key challenges to digital financial services in emerging economies: the Indian context

YesPurpose: Digital Financial Services (DFS) have substantial prospect to offer a number of reasonable, appropriate and secure banking services to the underprivileged in developing countries through pioneering technologies such as mobile phone based solutions, digital platforms and electronic money models. DFS allow unbanked people to obtain access to financial services through digital technologies. However, DFS face tough challenges of adoption. Realising this, the aim of this paper is to identify such challenges and develop a framework. Design/Methodology/Approach: We develop a framework of challenges by utilising Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) and Fuzzy MICMAC approach. We explored eighteen such unique set of challenges culled from the literature and further gathered data from two sets of expert professionals. In the first phase, we gathered data from twenty-nine professionals followed by eighteen professionals in the second phase. All were pursuing Executive MBA programme from a metropolitan city in South India. The implementation of ISM and fuzzy MICMAC provided a precise set of driving, linkage and dependent variables that were used to derive a framework. Findings: ISM model is split in eight different levels. The bottom level consists of a key driving challenge V11 (i.e. high cost and low return related problem) whereas the topmost level consists of two highly dependent challenges namely V1 (i.e. risk of using digital services) and V14 (i.e. lack of trust). The prescribed ISM model shows the involvement of ‘high cost and low return related problem (V11)’, which triggers further challenges of DFS. Originality/value: None of the existing research has explored key challenges to DFS in detail nor formulated a framework for such challenges. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper on DFS that attempts to collate its challenges and incorporate them in a hierarchical model using ISM and further divide them into four categories of factors using fuzzy MICMAC analysis

Cancer Research UK procedures in manufacture and toxicology of radiotracers intended for Pre-phase I positron emission tomography studies in cancer patients

Radiolabelled compounds formulated for injection (radiopharmaceuticals), are increasingly being employed in drug development studies. These can be used in tracer amounts for either pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic studies. Such radiotracer studies can also be carried out early in man, even prior to conventional Phase I clinical testing. The aim of this document is to describe procedures for production and safety testing of oncology radiotracers developed for imaging by positron emission tomography in cancer patients. We propose strategies for overcoming the inability to produce compounds in sufficient quantities via the radiosynthetic routes for full chemical characterisation and toxicology testing including (i) independent confirmation as far as possible that the stable compound associated with the radiopharmaceutical is identical to the non-labelled compound, (ii) animal toxicity studies with ⩾10 times (typically 100 times) the intended tracer dose in humans scaled by body surface area, and (iii) patient monitoring during the radiotracer positron emission tomography clinical trial