Tumores del estroma gastrointestinal de localización rectal

Los tumores del estroma gastrointestinal (GIST) son neoplasias de origen mesenquimal que se localizan en el tracto gastrointestinal y representan el 2o/o de todos los tumores de esta localización. Los GIST de localización rectal son muy poco frecuentes y la experiencia de la mayor parte de los hospitales es muy limitada. Los tumores < 5 cm, a menudo, son silentes y se descubren de forma incidental. La expresión de CD-11 7 es el marcador diagnóstico más específico de los GIST y permite el diagnóstico diferencial con otras neoplasias mesenquimales del tracto gastrointestinal de origen neural o muscular. Presentamos dos casos de tumor estroma! de localización rectal tratados en el Servicio de Cirugía General del Hospital Médico-Qufrúrgico de Jaén. El diagnóstico fue establecido en hase a la positividad de la expresión de CD-11 7. En uno de ellos se realizó neoadyuvancia con mesilato de imatinib. En ambos casos se práctico exéresis del tumor por vía endoanal

TFG-β Nuclear Staining as a Potential Relapse Risk Factor in Early-Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Nowadays, the impact of the tumor-immune microenvironment (TME) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) prognosis and treatment response remains unclear. Thus, we evaluated the expression of PD-L1, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) in NSCLC to identify differences in TME, detect possible new prognostic factors, and assess their relationship. We retrospectively analyzed 55 samples from patients who underwent NSCLC surgery and had over a 5-year follow-up. PD-L1 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry following standard techniques. The presence of TILs was evaluated at low magnification and classified into two categories, “intense” and “non-intense”. Cytoplasmic TGF-β staining visualization was divided into four categories, and unequivocal nuclear staining in >1% of viable tumor cells was defined as “present” or “absent”. Our aim was to identify differences in disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Tumor stage was the only objective prognostic factor for OS. PD-L1 expression and the presence of TILs had no prognostic impact, neither their combination. There seems to be a lower expression of PD-L1 and a higher expression of TILs in early stages of the disease. Our TGF-β nuclear staining analysis was promising, since it was associated with worse DFS, revealing this protein as a possible prognostic biomarker of recurrence for resectable NSCLC