5,903 research outputs found
Apolipoprotein M
Apolipoprotein M (apoM) is a 26-kDa protein that is mainly associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in human plasma, with a small proportion present in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRLP) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL). Human apoM gene is located in p21.31 on chromosome 6 (chromosome 17, in mouse). Human apoM cDNA (734 base pairs) encodes 188-amino acid residue-long protein. It belongs to lipocalin protein superfamily. Human tissue expression array study indicates that apoM is only expressed in liver and in kidney and small amounts are found in fetal liver and kidney. In situ apoM mRNA hybridization demonstrates that apoM is exclusively expressed in the hepatocytes and in the tubule epithelial cells in kidney. Expression of apoM could be regulated by platelet activating factor (PAF), transforming growth factors (TGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and leptin in vivo and/or in vitro. It has been demonstrated that apoM expression is dramatically decreased in apoA-I deficient mouse. Hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α (HNF-1α) is an activator of apoM gene promoter. Deficiency of HNF-1α mouse shows lack of apoM expression. Mutations in HNF-1α (MODY3) have reduced serum apoM levels. Expression of apoM is significantly decreased in leptin deficient (ob/ob) mouse or leptin receptor deficient (db/db) mouse. ApoM concentration in plasma is positively correlated to leptin level in obese subjects. These may suggest that apoM is related to the initiation and progression of MODY3 and/or obesity
Small data global regularity for simplified 3-D Ericksen-Leslie's compressible hyperbolic liquid crystal model
In this article, we consider the Ericksen-Leslie's hyperbolic system for
compressible liquid crystal model in three spatial dimensions. Global
regularity for small and smooth initial data near equilibrium is proved for the
case that the system is a nonlinear coupling of compressible Navier-Stokes
equations with wave map to . Our argument is a combination of
vector field method and Fourier analysis. The main strategy to prove global
regularity relies on an interplay between the control of high order energies
and decay estimates, which is based on the idea inspired by the method of
space-time resonances. In particular the different behaviors of the decay
properties of the density and velocity field for compressible fluids at
different frequencies play a key role.Comment: 61 pages; all comments wellcom
Electronic structures of [111]-oriented free-standing InAs and InP nanowires
We report on a theoretical study of the electronic structures of the
[111]-oriented, free-standing, zincblende InAs and InP nanowires with hexagonal
cross sections by means of an atomistic , spin-orbit interaction
included, nearest-neighbor, tight-binding method. The band structures and the
band state wave functions of these nanowires are calculated and the symmetry
properties of the bands and band states are analyzed based on the
double point group. It is shown that all bands of these nanowires are doubly
degenerate at the -point and some of these bands will split into
non-degenerate bands when the wave vector moves away from the
-point as a manifestation of spin-splitting due to spin-orbit
interaction. It is also shown that the lower conduction bands of these
nanowires all show simple parabolic dispersion relations, while the top valence
bands show complex dispersion relations and band crossings. The band state wave
functions are presented by the spatial probability distributions and it is
found that all the band states show -rotation symmetric probability
distributions. The effects of quantum confinement on the band structures of the
[111]-oriented InAs and InP nanowires are also examined and an empirical
formula for the description of quantization energies of the lowest conduction
band and the highest valence band is presented. The formula can simply be used
to estimate the enhancement of the band gaps of the nanowires at different
sizes as a result of quantum confinement.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with
arXiv:1502.0756
Possible Deuteron-like Molecular States Composed of Heavy Baryons
We perform a systematic study of the possible loosely bound states composed
of two charmed baryons or a charmed baryon and an anti-charmed baryon within
the framework of the one boson exchange (OBE) model. We consider not only the
exchange but also the , , , and
exchanges. The mixing effects for the spin-triplets are also taken into
account. With the derived effective potentials, we calculate the binding
energies and root-mean-square (RMS) radii for the systems
, ,
,
and
. Our numerical results indicate that: (1)
the H-dibaryon-like state does not exist; (2) there may
exist four loosely bound deuteron-like states and
with small binding energies and large RMS radii.Comment: 17 pages, 32 figure
Methods and compositions for modulating gene expression in plants
The present invention provides methods and compositions for regulation of gene expression in plants. In particular, the invention provides nucleic acids that can confer tissue specific and constitutive expression to operably linked polynucleotides of interest
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