Relationship dynamics in logistics

In recent years, a growing number of organisations have outsourced logistics services to logistics services providers (LSPs). To account for greater interconnection between organisations, supply chain relationship is crucial for achieving successful logistics outsourcing. Because organisations need to continuously change their decision-making in outsourcing, relationships among organisations in outsourcing are dynamic. Further, because logistics outsourcing has created more supply chain relationships (SCRs) among suppliers, LSPs, and customers, managers need to use a network perspective to manage multiple relationships in the process of outsourcing. The triadic relationship is recognised as the smallest network structure. As a result, the primary goal of this research is to study dynamics of supply chain relationships in logistics outsourcing from a view of triadic relationship. This relationship is called a logistics triad and consists of a supplier, a logistics service provider (LSP), and their common customer. The present research was carried out in two stages. The first stage collected triadic cases from LSPs. To improve validity and reliability, the second stage used a deductive process to test findings of the first stage by collecting triadic cases from suppliers and customers. Results of the comparison between the two stages provided verified research findings because the two stages exhibited close similarity. The research outcomes led to the identification of factors that influenced the relationship dynamics in logistics triads. Among these factors, the combined effects of purchasing volumes, resource capability, and focal firm can override influences from other factors to determine stability and dynamics of logistics triads. Overall, this research makes several major contributions to the knowledge of supply chain relationships: developing an integrative model of triadic relationship dynamics, identifying control approaches used by organisations to dominate triads, and demonstrating organisations' mediating effects on dyadic relationships within triads

Maintaining customer service in a fast food outlet

In a fast food outlet, a competitive field, customer service is a crucial factor. Customers are very much concerned about customer service and the quality of the food they get. This research is based on quality of service, inventory management, and employee training methods. Qualitative method is used for data collection for this project since it is more communicative and reliable. Data is collected from observations during work time. The store manager was interviewed for more information about inventory management of the store and customer service. This research found that not all the employees are trained for customer service. The inventory is done manually in the store, which is a time-consuming method. Not keeping sufficient stock leads to a shortage of toppings for pizza in the rush time if demand goes high, which may lead to customer complaints. Results of this research show that the standard of customer service and quality of food can be controlled and improved by managing the inventory, employee retention technique, and proper employee training. The research recommends using employee retention techniques and software methods for better inventory management. Keeping safe stocks as per the demand can reduce customer complaints about the quality of food.

The Goldstino Field in Linear and Nonlinear Realizations of Supersymmetry

A Goldstino field in the nonlinear realization of supersymmetry is constructed from an appropriate chiral super-multiplet of the linear theory, in general O'Raifeataigh-like models. The linear theories can thus be reformulated into their nonlinear versions, via the standard procedure. The Goldstino field disappears totally from the original Lagrangian in the process, but reemerges in the Jacobian of the transformation and covariant derivatives. Vertices with Goldstino fields carry at least one space-time derivative, as one would have expected.Comment: 7+1 pages, Late

Identities in Nonlinear Realizations of Supersymmetry

In this paper, we emphasize that a UV SUSY-breaking theory can be realized either linearly or nonlinearly. Both realizations form the dual descriptions of the UV SUSY-breaking theory. Guided by this observation, we find subtle identities involving the Goldstino field and matter fields in the standard nonlinear realization from trivial ones in the linear realization. Rather complicated integrands in the standard nonlinear realization are identified as total-divergences. Especially, identities only involving the Goldstino field reveal the self-consistency of the Grassmann algebra. As an application of these identities, we prove that the nonlinear Kahler potential without or with gauge interactions is unique, if the corresponding linear one is fixed. Our identities pick out the total-divergence terms and guarantee this uniqueness.Comment: 15 pages, more discussions added, accepted by Nucl Phys

Nonlinear Realization of Spontaneously Broken N=1 Supersymmetry Revisited

This paper revisits the nonlinear realization of spontaneously broken N=1 supersymmetry. It is shown that the constrained superfield formalism can be reinterpreted in the language of standard realization of nonlinear supersymmetry via a new and simpler route. Explicit formulas of actions are presented for general renormalizable theories with or without gauge interactions. The nonlinear Wess-Zumino gauge is discussed and relations are pointed out for different definitions of gauge fields. In addition, a general procedure is provided to deal with theories of arbitrary Kahler potentials.Comment: 1+18 pages, LaTe

Constrained Superfields and Standard Realization of Nonlinear Supersymmetry

A constrained superfield formalism has been proposed recently to analyze the low energy physics related to Goldstinos. We prove that this formalism can be reformulated in the language of standard realization of nonlinear supersymmetry. New relations have been uncovered in the standard realization of nonlinear supersymmetry.Comment: 8+1 pages, Latex, expanded discussions on scalar and vector field

Reflectionless evanescent-wave amplification by two dielectric planar waveguides

Utilizing the underlying physics of evanescent wave amplification by a negative-refractive-index slab, it is shown that evanescent waves with specific spatial frequencies can also be amplified without any reflection simply by two dielectric planar waveguides. The simple configuration allows one to take advantage of the high resolution limit of a high-refractive-index material without contact with the object.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, v2: accepted by Optics Letters, v3: included the Erratum submitted to Optics Letter

Relationship between inventory management and demand forecast

The study aims to achieve balance between inventory management and demand forecast to regulate operations effectively and efficiently at a franchise of retail grocery store. The study uses the qualitative research to obtain better results through interviews from resources to analyse the research properly. The main agenda of this research is to control inventory satisfactorily and recommend policies and plans to overcome problems and errors. The study found that there is lack of system running for proper management of inventory and demand forecasting. Lack of these systems affect the business badly by lowering sales revenue and reducing franchise goodwill. The study recommends that there should be an effective model and systems introduced in the operations to curb problems like being out of stock and holding excessive stock, which lead to more cost to the business. Best models for this store could be the just-in-time and the moving-average model. Introducing the systems could help the business to run effectively, but follow-up is the significant factor in applying new systems in any organisation. Developed processes and criteria should be used in implementing these models. Regular checking should be done to see the working of systems

Operation efficiency based on quality and productivity

This research project is purely focused on the operation efficiency-based productivity of a famous fast food company of New Zealand which faces lot of difficulties in its business for its lack of efficiency in consistent product quality. The aim of this study is to measure and understand the operational efficiency. For conduction of this research, the researcher has focused on consistent quality and productivity. For the research work the researcher has chosen the qualitative research (interview) method; for this, three employees, the operational manager and the marketing manager of the company were selected. Some discussions were also made for improvement of business. This study can also help to analyse various models such as the Just in time model, lean manufacturing model applications which leads to improvements in productivity as well as in operation efficiency. The importance and challenges of operational efficiency are also discussed for better understanding of operational efficiency. The qualitative primary method was chosen by the researcher to collect proper information from the sources. The research outcome was overall satisfactory. The Lean Manufacturing model is used to minimize waste and optimize resources. Additionally, manpower presence is also satisfied. Looking onwards, the researcher has made the recommendation that they implement some approaches including the information retrieval model and use the two bin system model for providing top notch service in the current competitive business environment. The study makes various suggestions for management including strategies to gain more operational efficiency