Impaired Voluntary Wheel Running Behavior in the Unilateral 6-Hydroxydopamine Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

Objective : The aim of this study was to investigate voluntary wheel running behavior in the unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model

Pulse shape study of the fast scintillation light emitted from xenon-doped liquid argon using silicon photomultipliers

Xenon-doped liquid argon has been proposed as a good alternative to pure liquid argon in scintillation detectors. In this study, we report on the measurement of the time profile of scintillation light emitted from xenon-doped liquid argon with molar concentrations up to 1600 ppm. A compact setup has been developed for this study, with silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) as the photosensor and $^{210}\mathrm{Po}$ and $^{90}\mathrm{Sr}$ as scintillation sources. An effective model based on the de-excitation processes has been developed to describe the data. The results show that xenon-doped liquid argon is a good fast scintillator and can be used in lieu of tetraphenyl butadiene (TPB) in a way that preserves its capability for particle identification via pulse shape discrimination (PSD)

Modeling realistic multiphase flows using a non-orthogonal multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method

In this paper, we develop a three-dimensional multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method (MRT-LBM) based on a set of non-orthogonal basis vectors. Compared with the classical MRT-LBM based on a set of orthogonal basis vectors, the present non-orthogonal MRT-LBM simplifies the transformation between the discrete velocity space and the moment space, and exhibits better portability across different lattices. The proposed method is then extended to multiphase flows at large density ratio with tunable surface tension, and its numerical stability and accuracy are well demonstrated by some benchmark cases. Using the proposed method, a practical case of a fuel droplet impacting on a dry surface at high Reynolds and Weber numbers is simulated and the evolution of the spreading film diameter agrees well with the experimental data. Furthermore, another realistic case of a droplet impacting on a super-hydrophobic wall with a cylindrical obstacle is reproduced, which confirms the experimental finding of Liu \textit{et al.} [``Symmetry breaking in drop bouncing on curved surfaces," Nature communications 6, 10034 (2015)] that the contact time is minimized when the cylinder radius is comparable with the droplet cylinder.Comment: 19 pages, 11 figure

Accurate prediction approach of dynamic characteristics for a rotating thin walled annular plate considering the centrifugal stress requirement

In allusion to the problem that experimental results of similitude models of a rotating turbine disc predict dynamic characteristics of the prototype, the accurate design method of dynamic similitude models of a rotating thin walled annular plate is investigated by considering the centrifugal stress requirement. The vibration differential equation is employed to deduce geometrically complete scaling laws of dynamic frequency and centrifugal stress. In order to determine accurate distorted scaling laws of dynamic frequency, the sensitivity analysis and determination principle are used. For distorted scaling laws of centrifugal stress, the average approach of candidate distorted scaling laws is proposed, and its mathematical form is simple. Furthermore, the numerical validation indicates that distorted scaling laws can predict dynamic characteristics of the prototype and reflect the strength conditions or even failures of a prototype with good accuracy, and applicable intervals of the distorted scaling law are calculated. Finally, an acceptable procedure of the similitude design method of a rotating thin walled annular plate is provided, which guides to the design of test models considering centrifugal stress requirement

Analysis of group 12a lymph node metastasis at different sites of gastric adenocarcinoma and its risk factors

Background and purpose: It is not clear that the pattern of lymph node (group 12a) metastasis within the hepatoduodenal ligament (along the hepatic artery) in gastric cancer, its indications for dissection are still controversial, and there is a lack of relevant clinical study data from large samples. This study investigated the risk factors of lymph node group 12a metastasis in gastric cancer at different sites by observing the lymph node metastasis rate. Methods: The medical records of 1 112 gastric cancer patients admitted to the Department of Gastric Surgery in Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from May 2016 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to tumor location, they were divided into upper gastric cancer (561 cases), gastric body cancer (224 cases) and gastric antrum cancer (327 cases). The lymph node metastasis rate of group 12a in patients with different parts of gastric cancer was recorded. The c2 test and Fisher’s exact probability test were used to compare the relationship between group 12a lymph node metastasis and clinicopathological features in patients with gastric cancer at different sites. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of group 12a lymph node metastasis in patients with gastric cancer at different locations. Results: Group 12a lymph node metastasis occurred in 72 of 1 112 gastric cancer patients, and the overall metastatic rate was 6.5%. Among the 561 cases of upper gastric cancer, 25 cases developed group 12a lymph node metastasis, and the metastatic rate was 4.5%. Of the 224 patients with gastric body cancer, 17 cases were positive in group 12a lymph nodes, and the metastasis rate was 7.6%. Among the 327 cases of gastric antrum cancer, 30 cases were positive in group 12a lymph nodes, and the metastatic rate was 9.2%. Taking the lymph node metastasis in group 12a as the dependent variable, and taking the indicators with statistical significance in univariate analysis as independent variables, they were included in the model for multivariate logistic regression analysis. The results showed that tumor diameter (OR=3.122, 95% CI: 2.896-3.366, P<0.001), T stage (OR=2.406, 95% CI: 1.705-3.396, P<0.001), TNM stage (OR=7.910, 95% CI: 4.755-13.160, P<0.001) were risk factors for lymph node metastasis in group 12a of upper gastric cancer patients. Tumor diameter (OR=2.757, 95% CI: 2.495-3.047, P<0.001), T stage (OR=3.298, 95% CI: 2.346-4.638, P<0.001), vascular nerve invasion (OR=1.839, 95% CI: 1.368-2.473, P<0.001) were risk factors for lymph node metastasis in group 12a of patients with gastric body cancer. Body mass index (BMI) (OR=1.098, 95% CI: 1.023-1.178, P=0.010), tumor diameter (OR=2.865, 95% CI: 1.778-4.616, P<0.001), T stage (OR=13.497, 95% CI: 8.363-21.783, P<0.001), TNM stage (OR=3.806, 95% CI: 3.113-4.653, P<0.001) were risk factors for lymph node metastasis in group 12a of patients with gastric antrum cancer. Conclusion: The total lymph node metastasis rate in group 12a is low. Tumor size, invasion depth, N stage and tumor stage are independent risk factors for group 12a lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. Besides, vascular nerve invasion is the independent risk factors for gastric body cancer. Gastric body cancer and gastric antrum cancer require routine dissection of group 12a lymph nodes. The metastatic rate of lymph nodes in group 12a of upper gastric cancer is low, and routine dissection is not required. However, when the diameter is ≥6 cm, the depth of tumor invasion is deep (T3-T4), and the tumor stage is late (Ⅲ-Ⅳ), group 12a lymph nodes need to be dissected