2 research outputs found
TΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ Π½Π° Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ° β ΡΡΠΈ-Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ
Venous malformations (VMs) are a type of vascular malformations that result in abnormal development of veins that become extensible over time due to an error in vascular morphogenesis. They usually appear in newborns or in early adulthood as a bluish, soft, swollen and eventually painful skin formation. Treatment includes conservative therapy, sclerotherapy and surgical excision. Aim of the paper is to evaluate the therapeutic effect of scleraotherapy in pediatric patients with venous malformations. Material and methods: In a three-year period, from 2019 to 2021, venous malformation was found in 33 patients aged 4 to 14 years (average age: 8 years). Pain as a symptom occurred in 8 patients. Two patients had lesions measuring up to 5 cm and 5 cm respectively, while in the remaining subjects the lesion was over 5 cm. Ultrasound was performed routinely in all subjects, and MRI in two patients. Conservative treatment was instituted in 13 patients with venous malformations of the extremities, surgical excision with local reconstruction was performed in 11 patients, and sclerotherapy with bleomycin under general anesthesia was performed in 8 patients. Combined treatment was used in one patient that presented with venous malformation of the upper arm that underwent partial sclerotherapy with subsequent operative excision due to a phlebolith. Follow-up examinations revealed regression of the change not only from functional but from aesthetic aspect as well. Conclusion: Sclerotherapy is the established golden standard, first-line treatment for venous malformations. Excellent results were achieved as the reduction of the lesions was below 50% of the initial size. However, the modality of treatment should be individualized to each patient as it can sometimes require a combination of more than one treatment option. Venous malformations are best treated early, but they usually recur over time. Treatment helps relieve symptoms and control the growth of vascular malformations.ΠΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠΏ Π½Π° Π²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΒ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΎΡ Π½Π° Π²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ²Π°Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΡΠ°. ΠΠ±ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½Π° Π°Π΄ΡΠ»ΡΠ½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ, ΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π’ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΎΡ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΡΠ²Π°: ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π·Π΅ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°, ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΊΠ° Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°. Π¦Π΅Π» Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΡ Π΅ Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ Π΅Π²Π°Π»ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ ΡΠΎ Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ: ΠΠΎ 3-Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ (2019-2021), Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±Π΅Π° Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ 33 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ 4 Π΄ΠΎ 14 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ (ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ: 8 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ). ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΊΠ°Ρ 8 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ. ΠΠ°Ρ Π΄Π²Π°ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π»Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π±ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΎΠ΄ 5 ΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π΅Π΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠ²Π° Π½Π° 5ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ, Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΡΒ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π»Π΅Π·ΠΈΠΈΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ 5ΡΠΌ. Π£Π»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ° Π±ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΠ Π ΠΊΠ°Ρ Π΄Π²Π° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ½Π·Π΅ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ ΠΊΠ°Ρ 13 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ ΡΠΎ Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅, Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΊΠ° Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠΎ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΊΠ°Ρ 11 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ, Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°Ρ 8 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠΎ Π±Π»Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ Π²ΠΎ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ° Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π° Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° Π½Π°Π΄Π»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΎΡ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π½Π° ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π½Π° ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π° Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ° Π·Π°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π³Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π° ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠ°, Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΡΠΊΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΊ: Π‘ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π΅ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½ βΠ·Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠ΄β ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ²Π° Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ Π½Π° Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π° ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ³Π»Π΅Π΄ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° Π»Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ 50% ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π½Π°ΡΠ° Π³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°. Π‘Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΠΏ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎ Π΅ Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ° Π·Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ³Π»Π΅Π΄ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ° ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄ Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ. ΠΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π°Ρ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ³Π»Π΅Π΄ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π·Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ. Π‘ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π°Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡ Π½Π° Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
EVALUATION OF TWO SURGICAL TREATMENTS OF PRIMARY VESICOURETERAL REFLUX AMONG CHILDREN: A 15 YEARS EXPERIENCE
Aim: aim of the study was to evaluate the efficiency of two different surgical treatments of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) on succesfull rate and patient outcome.
Methods: Retrospective study on children with primary VUR and their surgical treatment from 1999 to 2014 in the University Clinic for Pediatric Surgery in Skopje. A total of 76 children (114 ureters) with VUR ranging from second to fifth grade were treated surgically, 44 patients (67 ureters) with an open surgical technique and 32 patients (47 ureters) with endoscopic treatment βSTINGβ procedure. The following parameters were analyzed: duration of the intervention, duration of the hospitalization, the need for antibiotics and analgesic therapy and the need for blood and blood derivatives transfusion. The result of the surgical treatment was also validated. A good result was considered when reduction of VUR by 2 degrees with the endoscopic method or by 3 degrees in the open surgical technique was noticed.
Results: Using open surgical technique, patients were hospitalized for an average of 9 days (range from 5 to 13 days). All children received double antibiotic therapy. The need for analgesics lasted for 3 to 4 days. 90% of treated children needed blood and/or blood derivatives transfusion. Success rate with this method was 93.8%. Endoscopic procedure was performed as a one-day surgical procedure. The average duration was 15 minutes. Single, prophylactic dose of antibiotic was ordinated. There was no need for blood and/or blood derivatives transfusion. The overall success of the treatment was about 70%.
Conclusion: Open surgical procedure is used for more complicated cases, VUR grade IV-V or by previously failed. Endoscopic, βSTINGβ procedure was commonly used for patients with VUR grade greater than 2, after previously failed conservative treatment, febrile urinary infection despite antibiotic prophylaxis and/or emergence of new scarring in the renal parenchyma. Patient assessment and decision for what method will be used must always be done individually for each child