TINGKAT KECEMASAN KELUARGA PASIEN PRE OPERASI SECTIO CAESAREAdi Ruang Melati RSUD Dr. Harjono Ponorogo

Operasi saat persalinan (Sectio Caesarea) merupakan pembedahan untuk melahirkan janin dengan membuka dinding perut dan dinding rahim mempunyai komplikasi pada ibu dan janin sehingga menimbulkan kecemasan pada keluarga yang sedang menunggu. Penyebab langsung kematian maternal yang paling umum di Indonesia adalah perdarahan, eklamsi, dan infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kecemasan keluarga pasien pre operasi Sectio Caesarea. Desain penelitian ini adalah Deskriptif dengan populasi seluruh keluarga pasien yang akan menjalani Operasi Sectio Caesarea di ruang Melati RSUD Dr. Harjono Ponorogo tahun 2013 sebanyak 317 pasien rata-rata perbulan 26 pasien. Sampling penelitian menggunakan Consecutive sampling, pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner di bagikan pada seluruh keluarga pasien yang akan menjalani 0perasi Sectio Caesarea di ruang Melati RSUD Dr. Harjono Ponorogo pada pada tanggal 19 Juli 2014 sampai 16 Agustus 2014 sebanyak 25 respoden. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan dari 25 responden didapatkan sebagian besar 14 responden atau (56%) Tingkat Kecemasan sedang Keluarga Pasien Pre Operasi Sectio Caesarea, hampir setengahnya 7 responden atau (28%) Tingkat Kecemasan berat Keluarga Pasien Pre Operasi Sectio Caesarea, dan sebagian kecil 4 responden atau (16%) Tingkat Kecemasan Ringan Keluarga Pasien Pre Operasi Sectio Caesarea. Hasil penelitian membahas tingkat kecemasan keluarga pasien pre operasi Sectio Caesarea dengan tingkat kecemasan sedang dan berat dapat meningkat menjadi tingkat kecemasan berat sekali atau panik. Penelitian direkomendasikan pada pihak keluarga bertanya, dan memahami penjelasan dari informasi yang telah diberikan oleh dokter, bidan, dan perawat sehingga mengurangi tingkat kecemasan keluarga. Kata kunci: Kecemasan, keluarga, operasi Sectio Caesarea

SEIPIN Regulates Lipid Droplet Expansion and Adipocyte Development by Modulating the Activity of Glycerol-3-phosphate Acyltransferase

Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy 2 (BSCL2) is caused by loss-of-function mutations in SEIPIN, a protein implicated in both adipogenesis and lipid droplet expansion but whose molecular function remains obscure. Here, we identify physical and functional interactions between SEIPIN and microsomal isoforms of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) in multiple organisms. Compared to controls, GPAT activity was elevated in SEIPIN-deficient cells and tissues and GPAT kinetic values were altered. Increased GPAT activity appears to underpin the block in adipogenesis and abnormal lipid droplet morphology associated with SEIPIN loss. Overexpression of Gpat3 blocked adipogenesis, and Gpat3 knockdown in SEIPIN-deficient preadipocytes partially restored differentiation. GPAT overexpression in yeast, preadipocytes, and fly salivary glands also formed supersized lipid droplets. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of GPAT in Seipin-/- mouse preadipocytes partially restored adipogenesis. These data identify SEIPIN as an evolutionarily conserved regulator of microsomal GPAT and suggest that GPAT inhibitors might be useful for the treatment of human BSCL2 patients

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships studies of novel thiosemicarbazone derivatives as potential anti-cancer agents

The primary objective of this thesis is to synthesise novel thiosemicarbazone based iron chelators and investigate their anti-proliferative activity against neoplastic cells.Traditionally, iron chelators were developed for the treatment of iron overload diseases. However, the increased requirement for iron in rapidly proliferating cells, compared with normal cells, create an opportunity to use iron as a novel target for cancer chemotherapy. Previous development of thiosemicarbazone based iron chelators created new iron chelators with potent and selective anti-tumour activity towards a wide variety of human and murine tumour xenografts such as 2-benzoylpyridine thisoemicarbazone (BpT) and 2-(3'-nitrobenzoyl)pyridine thiosemicarbazone (NBpT). In order to understand the structure-activity relationship of the thiosemicarbazone scaffold, novel BpT analogues were designed. First attempt was made by incorporating methyl substitution on the pyridine ring and mono- or di- methoxy substitutions at the phenyl ring. In addition, incorporation of electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents at the phenyl substituents of the N4-position of the BpT scaffold was done. Subsequently, dimerisation of BpT by forming dithiosemicarbazones using 2,6-dibenzoylpyridine were also investigated. Most of the novel thiosemicarbazone based iron chelators showed significantly higher anti-proliferative activity than the commercially available, gold-standard chelator desferrioxamine. Structure-activity relationship study revealed that the chelators with a single methyl substitutent on the pyridine ring had the highest anti-proliferative activity. Incorporation of mono- or di- substitution at the phenyl ring resulted in lower anti-proliferation activity, while methoxy substitution at the phenyl ring enhanced iron chelation efficacy. The study also indicated that benzoylpyridine thisoemicarbazones with electron-donating substituents resulted in greater anti-proliferative activity than electron-withdrawing groups. The increased molecular weight of the chelators influences the lipophilicity of the ligands resulting in low or moderate potency of the chelators towards neoplastic cells.The new information provided by this study could assist in the design and synthesis of future development of thiosemicarbazone based iron chelators with higher anti-proliferative activity and iron efficacy

The role of Berardinelli-Seip Congenital Lipodystrophy 2/Seipin in adipocyte differentiation and maintenance

Lipid droplets (LDs) long perceived to be inert organelles have now emerged to be involved in many cellular processes. Changes in cellular dynamics of LDs are associated with human metabolic diseases such as obesity and lipodystrophy. Adipocytes, the highly-specialised cells for storing lipids, are required to prevent accumulation of lipids in non-fat tissues. Adipogenesis is a tightly regulated process that leads to the transformation of preadipocytes into adipocytes capable of storing and trafficking lipids. The Berardinelli-Seip Congenital Lipodystrophy 2 gene which encodes Seipin has been found to regulate adipogenesis, as its absence leads to the most severe form of lipodystrophy. Furthermore, previous studies have shown that Seipin is also necessary for adipocyte maintenance as loss of Seipin leads to adipocyte death. This thesis has characterised the molecular regulation of Seipin and its role in both adipogenesis and lipolysis. Through proteomic screening, Seipin was found to interact with the microsomal isoforms of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) enzymes, the rate limiting enzymes for de novo synthesis of glycerolipids. The loss of Seipin was found to cause elevated levels of phosphatidic acid (PA) due to increased GPAT enzyme activity. Overexpression of GPAT3 or 4, recapitulate the Seipin lipodystrophy phenotype, and co-overexpression of Seipin and GPAT3/4 restores adipogenesis. Moreover, the loss of Seipin in adipocytes results in ‘supersized’ LDs and decrease in hormone stimulated lipolysis in adipocytes. Down regulation of Seipin leads to a decrease in cAMP-PKA mediated phosphorylation of key proteins involved in lipolysis, perilipin1 and HSL. Protein-protein interaction screens identified hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) as a binding partner to Seipin and loss of Seipin affects its activity. Further molecular analysis showed Seipin affects the localisation of A-kinase anchoring protein, OPA1, to LD surfaces and disrupts its interaction with the PKARIIβ subunit resulting in a decrease in PKA activity. This study also identified a novel regulatory mechanism in the stability of Seipin and its disease-causing mutants. Inhibition of the autophagy pathway increased Seipin expression and a potential E3 ligase may have been identified for Seipin. Overall, this study has provided mechanistic insights into the role of Seipin in adipogenesis and lipolysis

Identification of factors affecting adoption of mobile payments among hawkers using UTAUT (2021)

Mobile payments have become the new norm in Singapore’s payment landscape today. This study attempts to identify the factors that are affecting hawkers’ intention to adopt SGQR or QR payments, based on a modified Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. External factors like incentive, perceived risk and perceived cost were added to the revised model. The effects of age, education level and average price range as moderating variables were also explored. A total of 100 hawkers were surveyed. Utilizing Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM), performance expectancy, effort expectancy and incentive were revealed to have positive and significant effects on hawkers’ intention to adopt mobile payments. The results can serve as a guide for policymakers who wish to improve mobile payments adoption rate among hawkers. Keywords: Mobile Payments, Adoption Intention, Hawkers, UTAUT, PLS-SEM, SGQRBachelor of Social Sciences in Economic