16 research outputs found
Mode of socio-economic development and occupational structure: the case of contemporary Russia
The given paper assumes the existence of a correlation between the occupational structure and the mode of social and economic development of a country. It is shown that the modern stage of development in advanced economies could be described by the post-industrial phase with (a) the specific proportions in the occupational structure (predominance of professional managers and technical experts); (b) particular nature of work and the corresponding extent of labor division according to specialization and qualification (highly skilled labor with broad specialization and a new criterion of creativity included within qualifications). Within the certain historical framework these indicators, combined onto the entire scheme, produce the criteria to distinct different types of socio-economic development and arrange them in consistent order. The analysis of occupational structure of Russian population shows that the reforms of 1990s have facilitated the process of deindustrialization alongside with the growth of semi- and low-skilled jobs. According to the scheme, Russia seems to have reached the stage of the development that is similar to one of the 1950ā1960s in the USA and the Europe
Mobile-Learning Platform for the Development of Entrepreneurial Competences of the Students
The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of using a mobile learning platform for studentsā entrepreneurial competence improvement. The platform was implemented by the Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University and the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation. It allowed users to publish assignments, exchange ideas, generate photo and video content, demonstrate creative developments, and receive feedback. The research process enrolled 70 experimental group students, 25 control group students, 2 instructors, and 2 administrators from the considered educational institutions, as well as 3 practitioners invited to review projects. As a result of this examination (Cronbachās alpha ranged from 0.678 to 0.714), it was noted that 41.4% of all research participants rather agreed that the experiment goals were accomplished and noted personal progress in mastering entrepreneurial competences, whereas 53.4% agreed unequivocally that the experiment was fully successful. Analysis of entrepreneurial competences and deviations from repeated competence evaluations before and after the experiment revealed that the experimental group was marked with notable progress (F (1.32) 2 = 42.26, p = 0.00, ?p = 0.56). Average entrepreneurial competence assessment results for this group were slightly higher than those for control ā they constituted 4.5 points against 4.0. Research findings are believed to be universal and interesting to educators and administrative staff of educational institutions or those involved in creating and conducting entrepreneurship training courses. Ā© 202
Intergenerational earnings mobility in PostāSoviet Russia
We make use of longitudinal data for the Russian economy over 1994ā2016 to obtain earnings information about parents and children. We show that rank correlations give reliable estimates, and find intergenerational correlations for sons and daughters that are comparable to those found in the USA and the UK. Sons earn more than daughters conditional on education and parentsā rank. Observable household characteristics and unobservables contribute about the same to the correlations, both more than education
Bromination of bis(pyridin-2-yl) diselenide in methylene chloride: the reaction mechanism and crystal structures of 1H-pyridine-2-selenenyl dibromide and its cycloadduct with cyclopentene (3aSR,9aRS)-2,3,3a,9a-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[4,5][1,3]selenazolo[3,2-a]pyridinium bromide
1H-Pyridine-2-selenenyl dibromide, C5H5NSeBr2, 1, is a product of the bromination of bis(pyridin-2-yl) diselenide in methylene chloride recrystallization from methanol. Compound 1 is essentially zwitterionic: the negative charge resides on the SeBr2 moiety and the positive charge is delocalized over the pyridinium fragment. The CāSe distance of 1.927ā
(3)ā
Ć
is typical of a single bond. The virtually linear BrāSeāBr moiety of 178.428ā
(15)Ā° has symmetrical geometry, with SeāBr bonds of 2.5761ā
(4) and 2.5920ā
(4)ā
Ć
, and is twisted by 63.79ā
(8)Ā° relative to the pyridinium plane. The Se atom forms an intermolecular Se...Br contact of 3.4326ā
(4)ā
Ć
, adopting a distorted square-planar coordination. In the crystal, molecules of 1 are linked by intermolecular NāH...Br and CāH...Br hydrogen bonds, as well as by non-covalent Se...Br interactions, into a three-dimensional framework. (3aSR,(9aRS)-2,3,3a,9a-Tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[4,5][1,3]selenazolo[3,2-a]pyridinium-9 bromide, C10H12NSe+Ā·Brā, 2, is a product of the cycloaddition reaction of 1 with cyclopentene. Compound 2 is a salt containing a selenazolopyridinium cation and a bromide anion. Both five-membered rings of the cation adopt envelope conformations. The dihedral angle between the basal planes of these rings is 62.45ā
(11)Ā°. The Se atom of the cation forms two additional non-covalent interactions with the bromide anions at distances of 3.2715ā
(4) and 3.5683ā
(3)ā
Ć
, attaining a distorted square-planar coordination. In the crystal, the cations and anions of 2 form centrosymmetric dimers by non-covalent Se...Br interactions. The dimers are linked by weak CāH...Br hydrogen bonds into double layers parallel to (001)
2-Pyridylselenenyl versus 2-Pyridyltellurenyl Halides: Symmetrical Chalcogen Bonding in the Solid State and Reactivity towards Nitriles
The synthesis of 2-pyridyltellurenyl bromide via Br2 oxidative cleavage of the TeāTe bond of dipyridylditelluride is reported. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of 2-pyridyltellurenyl bromide demonstrated that the Te atom of 2-pyridyltellurenyl bromide was involved in four different noncovalent contacts: TeāÆTe interactions, two TeāÆBr ChB, and one TeāÆN ChB contact forming 3D supramolecular symmetrical framework. In contrast to 2-pyridylselenenyl halides, the Te congener does not react with nitriles furnishing cyclization products. 2-Pyridylselenenyl chloride was demonstrated to easily form the corresponding adduct with benzonitrile. The cyclization product was studied by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, which revealed that in contrast to earlier studied cationic 1,2,4-selenadiazoles, here we observed that the adduct with benzonitrile formed supramolecular dimers via SeāÆSe interactions in the solid state, which were never observed before for 1,2,4-selenadiazoles
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Unsymmetrical Monoterpenylhetaryl Disulfides
New unsymmetrical monoterpenylhetaryl disulfides based on heterocyclic disulfides and monoterpene thiols were synthesized for the first time in 48ā88% yields. Hydrolysis of disulfides with fragments of methyl esters of 2-mercaptonicotinic acid was carried out in 73ā95% yields. The obtained compounds were evaluated for antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal activity, cytotoxicity and mutagenicity