ИММУНОГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ РАННЕГО РЕВМАТОИДНОГО АРТРИТА

The study is aimed to investigate the distribution of alleles of HLA-DRB1 gene in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis and healthy individuals in Russian population, and evaluate their significance as molecular genetic markers of rheumatoid arthritis predisposition and protection. The association between alleles of HLA-DRB1 genes, antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptides and IgM rheumatoid factor was also studied. Low and high resolution HLA-DRB1 genotyping were compared. In the cohort of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis, the alleles of HLA-DRB1 gene were found to be markers of rheumatoid arthritis protection/risk, especially in the homozygous state. They determined production of antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptides but were not associated with rheumatoid factor IgM levels. These findings support different autoimmune mechanisms of rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis. Изучено распределение аллелей гена HLA-DRB1 у больных ранним ревматоидным артритом и здоровых лиц контрольной группы российской популяции и оценена их значимость в качестве молекулярно-генетических маркеров предрасположенности и протекции ревматоидного артрита. Определена сила ассоциативной связи аллелей гена HLA-DRB1 с продукцией антител к циклическим цитруллинированным пептидам и ревматоидному фактору класса М. В исследовании проведено сравнение методов высоко- и низкоразрешающего генотипирования аллелей HLA-DRB1. У больных ранним ревматоидным артритом обнаружены аллели гена HLA-DRB1, являющиеся маркерами риска и протекции ревматоидного артрита, детерминирующие продукцию антител к циклическим цитруллинированным пептидам, но не ассоциированные с антителами класса M к ревматоидному фактору. Полученные данные могут свидетельствовать о различных аутоиммунных механизмах патогенеза ревматоидного артрита. 

INHALANT GLUCOCORTICOID APPLICATION EXPERIENCE AMONG INFANTS WITH BRONCHOPULMONARY DYSPLASIA IN THE FIRST HALF YEAR OF LIFE

The article describes the modern views on the application of the inhalant glucocorticoids (budesonide suspension) among infants, who underwent artificial pulmonary ventilation at the neonatal stage and who had bronchopulmonary dysplasia formed. The authors performed the clinical and functional evaluation of their state owing to the bronchophonography along with the follow up observation until 6 month of life.Key words: artificial pulmonary ventilation, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, extremely low body weight, bronchophonography, acoustic work of breathing

INHALANT GLUCOCORTICOID APPLICATION EXPERIENCE AMONG INFANTS WITH BRONCHOPULMONARY DYSPLASIA IN THE FIRST HALF YEAR OF LIFE

The article describes the modern views on the application of the inhalant glucocorticoids (budesonide suspension) among infants, who underwent artificial pulmonary ventilation at the neonatal stage and who had bronchopulmonary dysplasia formed. The authors performed the clinical and functional evaluation of their state owing to the bronchophonography along with the follow up observation until 6 month of life.Key words: artificial pulmonary ventilation, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, extremely low body weight, bronchophonography, acoustic work of breathing

Anti-cytokine (anti-TNF-alpha) therapy in ophthalmology (review of literature)

ABSTRACT Analysis of the literature on anti-cytokine therapy demonstrates the effectiveness of this therapy, compared with conventional glucocorticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy. Drugs with anti-cytokine mechanism of action can be used in Ophthalmology, as inhibitors of angiogenesis in neovascularization and anti-inflammatory therapy in uveitis. Route of administration of TNF inhibitors are intravenous and subcutaneous. They can be used as monotherapy or with the glucocorticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy. From the literature it is obvious, that the effect of the use of this group of drugs are dose-dependent and they can be positive (anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory) and negative — toxic. In a comparative aspects, studies show, that Infliximab has more pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, but at the same time, use of Infliximab is more often with side effects and complications. According to different authors, doses that cause side effects, are not comparable. It seems that, localization of inflammatory process plays a role in the vascular tract of the eye (front, rear), etiologic factor, causing the inflammation and, of course, the intensity of cytokine responses. Therefore, the question, the efficacy and tolerability of anti-cytokine drugs are dose-dependent, and whether, there are other factors that influence on the success of treatment -remains open. To answer these questions is required a detailed study, investigating the influence of this group of drugs on the eye tissues, pathological angiogenesis processes depending on the drug, the dose and the conditions of its application, and testing of optimal dosage of drugs to avoid side effects

Construction of a project risk assessment model based on a probabilistic simulation approach

Manifestations of risk in the economic sphere of human activity have entailed numerous definitions and interpretations, a significant part of which are associated with two statements: a) risk is caused by random events outside the sphere of influence of the risk subject;b) the economic consequences of these events are undesirable or unacceptable for him.An ambiguous interpretation of the original concept leads to an incorrect formulation of the problem of formalizing the process of optimizing investment projects.The paper provides an analysis of the possibility of resolving the problem using a simulation-probabilistic approach

ОПЫТ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ИНГАЛЯЦИОННЫХ СТЕРОИДОВ У ДЕТЕЙ С БРОНХОЛЕГОЧНОЙ ДИСПЛАЗИЕЙ В ПЕРВОМ ПОЛУГОДИИ ЖИЗНИ

The article describes the modern views on the application of the inhalant glucocorticoids (budesonide suspension) among infants, who underwent artificial pulmonary ventilation at the neonatal stage and who had bronchopulmonary dysplasia formed. The authors performed the clinical and functional evaluation of their state owing to the bronchophonography along with the follow up observation until 6 month of life.Key words: artificial pulmonary ventilation, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, extremely low body weight, bronchophonography, acoustic work of breathing.В статье отражены современные взгляды на применение ингаляционных стероидов (суспензии будесонида) у детей, перенесших искусственную вентиляцию легких в неонатальном периоде и сформировавших бронхолегочную дисплазию. Авторы изучили эффективность препарата, выполнили клинико-функциональную оценку состояния пациентов с помощью бронхофонографии при катамнестическом наблюдении до 6 месяцев жизни.Ключевые слова: искусственная вентиляция легких, бронхолегочная дисплазия, экстремально низкая масса тела, бронхофонография, акустическая работа дыхания. (Педиатрическая фармакология. – 2008;5(6):42-44