Bio-nanotechnology application in wastewater treatment

The nanoparticles have received high interest in the field of medicine and water purification, however, the nanomaterials produced by chemical and physical methods are considered hazardous, expensive, and leave behind harmful substances to the environment. This chapter aimed to focus on green-synthesized nanoparticles and their medical applications. Moreover, the chapter highlighted the applicability of the metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) in the inactivation of microbial cells due to their high surface and small particle size. Modifying nanomaterials produced by green-methods is safe, inexpensive, and easy. Therefore, the control and modification of nanoparticles and their properties were also discussed

Mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of nanocrystalline coatings produced by cathodic arc evaporation method

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań struktury, własności mechanicznych oraz odporności korozyjnej nanokrystalicznych powłok naniesionych metodą katodowego odparowania łukowego. Badania wykonano na powłokach CrAlSiN, CrAlSiN+DLC, CrN. Stwierdzono, że struktura badanych powłok złożona jest z drobnych krystalitów, a ich średnia wielkość wynosi 7-13 nm, w zależności od rodzaju powłoki. Powłoki wykazują wysoką twardość (40 GPa) oraz odporność korozyjną, jak również dobrą przyczepność do podłoża. Obciążenie krytyczne LC2 zawiera się w przedziale 52-55 N, w zależności od rodzaju powłoki.This work presents the research results on the structure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the nanocrystalline coatings produced by cathodic arc evaporation method. The test were carried out on CrAlSiN, CrAlSiN+DLC and CrN coatings. It was found that tested coatings have nanostructural character with fine crystallites, while their average size fitted within the range 7-13 nm. The coatings demonstrate a high hardness (40 GPa) and corrosion resistance as well as good adhesion to the substrate. The critical load LC2 lies within the range 52-55 N, depending on the coating type

Powłoki dla przemysłu transportowego

The investigations concerned structural analysis, as well as mechanical properties and wear resistant of MeN/DLC double-layer coating deposited by hybrid PVD/PACVD method. In sliding dry friction conditions, after the break-in time, the friction coefficient for the investigated elements is set in the range between 0.03-0.06.Badania dotyczyły analizy strukturalnej oraz własności mechanicznych i odporności na zużycie ścierne dwuwarstwowych powłok typu MeN/DLC wytworzo-nych hybrydową metodą PVD/PACVD. W warunkach tarcia technicznie suchego po okresie docierania, zarejestrowany współczynnik tarcia dla badanych skojarzeń stabilizuje się w zakresie 0,03-0,06 w zależności od rodzaju powłoki

The Morphology and Structure of ZnO Thin Films Deposited by ALD Method

This paper presents research results of zinc oxide thin films deposited on a glass substrate with use of ALD method. Our researches focused on analyzing of the influence of ALD deposition process temperature on the morphology and transparency of thin layers. The morphology was examined using both scanning and transmission electron microscopes. Transparency study was performed by UV-VIS spectroscopy. For our experiments, two sets of the coating have been prepared, differing in temperature and number of cycle used during the preparation process. The first set was deposited in 100 cycles, second one in 500 cycles. Each set of tested coating contained samples prepared at different temperatures

Nano-Scale Structure Investigation of Vapour Deposited AlCrSiN Coating Using Transmission Electron Microscope Techniques

The investigations concerned the structural analysis of the AlCrSiN coating deposited by arc Physical Vapour Deposition method on the X40CrMoV5-1 hot work tool steel substrate. The deposition process was carried out on a device equipped with a technique of lateral, rotating cathodes. The nano/microstructure, phase identification and chemical state of the coating were analysed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the investigated coatings have nanostructured nature consisting of fine crystallites. The fractographic tests were made using the scanning electron microscope and allow to state, that the coating was deposited uniformly and tightly adhere to the substrate material. In the work is presented the nature of a transition zone between the produced AlCrSiN coating and substrate material

Nano-Scale Structure Investigation of Vapour Deposited AlCrSiN Coating Using Transmission Electron Microscope Techniques

The investigations concerned the structural analysis of the AlCrSiN coating deposited by arc Physical Vapour Deposition method on the X40CrMoV5-1 hot work tool steel substrate. The deposition process was carried out on a device equipped with a technique of lateral, rotating cathodes. The nano/microstructure, phase identification and chemical state of the coating were analysed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the investigated coatings have nanostructured nature consisting of fine crystallites. The fractographic tests were made using the scanning electron microscope and allow to state, that the coating was deposited uniformly and tightly adhere to the substrate material. In the work is presented the nature of a transition zone between the produced AlCrSiN coating and substrate material

Effect of Laser Feeding on Heat Treated Aluminium Alloy Surface Properties

In this paper are presented the investigation results concerning microstructure as well as mechanical properties of the surface layer of cast aluminium-silicon-copper alloy after heat treatment alloyed and/ or remelted with SiC ceramic powder using High Power Diode Laser (HPDL). For investigation of the achieved structure following methods were used: light and scanning electron microscopy with EDS microanalysis as well as mechanical properties using Rockwell hardness tester were measured. By mind of scanning electron microscopy, using secondary electron detection was it possible to determine the distribution of ceramic SiC powder phase occurred in the alloy after laser treatment. After the laser surface treatment carried out on the previously heat treated aluminium alloys, in the structure are observed changes concerning the distribution and morphology of the alloy phases as well as the added ceramic powder, these features influence the hardness of the obtained layers. In the structure, there were discovered three zones: the remelting zone (RZ) the heat influence zone (HAZ) and transition zone, with different structure and properties. In this paper also the laser treatment conditions: the laser power and ceramic powder feed rate were investigated. The surface laser structure changes in a manner, that there zones are revealed in the form of. This carried out investigations make it possible to develop, interesting technology, which could be very attractive for different branches of industry

Effect of Laser Feeding on Heat Treated Aluminium Alloy Surface Properties

In this paper are presented the investigation results concerning microstructure as well as mechanical properties of the surface layer of cast aluminium-silicon-copper alloy after heat treatment alloyed and/ or remelted with SiC ceramic powder using High Power Diode Laser (HPDL). For investigation of the achieved structure following methods were used: light and scanning electron microscopy with EDS microanalysis as well as mechanical properties using Rockwell hardness tester were measured. By mind of scanning electron microscopy, using secondary electron detection was it possible to determine the distribution of ceramic SiC powder phase occurred in the alloy after laser treatment. After the laser surface treatment carried out on the previously heat treated aluminium alloys, in the structure are observed changes concerning the distribution and morphology of the alloy phases as well as the added ceramic powder, these features influence the hardness of the obtained layers. In the structure, there were discovered three zones: the remelting zone (RZ) the heat influence zone (HAZ) and transition zone, with different structure and properties. In this paper also the laser treatment conditions: the laser power and ceramic powder feed rate were investigated. The surface laser structure changes in a manner, that there zones are revealed in the form of. This carried out investigations make it possible to develop, interesting technology, which could be very attractive for different branches of industry