Analysis of poly (lactydo-<i>co</i>-caprolactone) (PLC) and small intestinal submucosa (SIS) cytotoxicity using Real Time Cell Analyzer (RTCA).

<p>Adipose derived stem cells were treated with 75%, 50% and 25% extracts of PLC (PLC75, PLC50, PLC25 respectively) and SIS (SIS75, SIS50, SIS25 respectively). The results are presented as: cell growth curves (A), mean cell index ± standard deviation after 96 hours of cell incubation with extracts. The statistical significance is shown as * p<0.05 (B)</p

Contact angle measurements: untreated poly (lactydo-<i>co</i>-caprolactone) (PLC) membrane, 110° (A), NaHCO₃ treated PLC membrane: unmodified side- 97° (C) and modified side- 72° (B).

<p>Contact angle is the angle between the baseline of the drop (marked in red) and the tangent at the drop boundary (marked in yellow).</p

Cystography.

<p>Urinary bladders augmented with poly (lactydo-<i>co</i>-caprolactone) membrane (A) and small intestinal submucosa seeded with adipose derived stem cells (B). The arrows point out the reconstructed area.</p

Bladders augmented with small intestinal submucosa seeded (A,B) and unseeded (C,D) with adipose derived stem cells.

<p>Native bladders in control group (E,F). Light microscope, H&E (A,C,E) and Trichrome Masson staining (B,D,F), bar = 200 µm.</p

Differentiation potential of adipose derived stem cells: a positive anti-collagen II staining after chondrogenic induction, bar 200 µm (A), Alizarin Red staining after osteogenic induction, bar 500 µm (B), Oil Red O staining after adipogenic induction, bar 20 µm (C).

<p>Differentiation potential of adipose derived stem cells: a positive anti-collagen II staining after chondrogenic induction, bar 200 µm (A), Alizarin Red staining after osteogenic induction, bar 500 µm (B), Oil Red O staining after adipogenic induction, bar 20 µm (C).</p

Ultrastructural analysis of the electrospun poly (lactydo-<i>co</i>-caprolactone) (PLC) membrane: thickness of five- layered PLC membrane (A), the surface of unmodified PLC membrane (B) the surface of PLC membrane modified with sodium bicarbonate (C).

<p>Scanning Electron Microscopy, bar 5 µm, 100 µm.</p

Tensile properties of the five-layered poly (lactydo-<i>co</i>-caprolactone) (PLC) membrane and bladder specimens.

<p>The elastic range 1 (R1) was demonstrated up to 24% of strain and the elastic range 2 (R2) between 70 % and 429 %.</p><p>Tensile properties of the five-layered poly (lactydo-<i>co</i>-caprolactone) (PLC) membrane and bladder specimens.</p

Bladders augmented with poly (lactydo-<i>co</i>-caprolactone) membrane seeded (A,B) and unseeded (C,D) with adipose derived stem cells.

<p>Light microscope, H&E (A,C) and Trichrome Masson staining (B,D), bar = 500 µm.</p

Small intestinal submucosa seeded with adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs), 7^th (A,B,C) and 14^th day of culture (D,E,F), Scanning Electron Microscopy, bar 500 µm, 50 µm, 10 µm.

<p>Small intestinal submucosa seeded with adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs), 7^th (A,B,C) and 14^th day of culture (D,E,F), Scanning Electron Microscopy, bar 500 µm, 50 µm, 10 µm.</p

Poly (lactydo-<i>co</i>-caprolactone) membrane seeded with adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs), 7^th (A,B,C) and 14^th day of culture (D,E,F), Scanning Electron Microscopy, bar 500 µm, 50 µm, 10 µm.

<p>Poly (lactydo-<i>co</i>-caprolactone) membrane seeded with adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs), 7^th (A,B,C) and 14^th day of culture (D,E,F), Scanning Electron Microscopy, bar 500 µm, 50 µm, 10 µm.</p