The economics of garbage collection

This paper argues that economic theory can improve our understanding of memory management. We introduce the allocation curve, as an analogue of the demand curve from microeconomics. An allocation curve for a program characterises how the amount of garbage collection activity required during its execution varies in relation to the heap size associated with that program. The standard treatment of microeconomic demand curves (shifts and elasticity) can be applied directly and intuitively to our new allocation curves. As an application of this new theory, we show how allocation elasticity can be used to control the heap growth rate for variable sized heaps in Jikes RVM

The Neutrino mass matrix after Kamland and SNO salt enhanced results

An updated analysis of all available neutrino oscillation evidence in Solar experiments including the latest SNO ES,CC and NC data (254d live time, NaCL enhanced efficiency) is presented. We obtain, for the fraction of active oscillating neutrinos: sin^2alpha=(\Phi_{NC}-\Phi_{CC})/(\Phi_{SSM}-\Phi_{CC})=0.94^{+0.0.065}_{-0.060} nearly 20\sigma from the pure sterile oscillation case. The fraction of oscillating sterile neutrinos cos^2\alpha \lsim 0.12 (1 sigma CL). At face value, these results might slightly favour the existence of a small sterile oscillating sector. In the framework of two active neutrino oscillations we determine individual neutrino mixing parameters and their errors we obtain Delta m^2= 7.01\pm 0.08 \times 10^{-5} eV^2, tan^2 theta=0.42^{+0.12}_{-0.07}. The main difference with previous analysis is a better resolution in parameter space. In particular the secondary region at larger mass differences (LMAII) is now excluded at 95% CL. The combined analysis of solar and Kamland data concludes that maximal mixing is not favoured at 4-5 sigma. This is not supported by the antineutrino reactor results alone. We estimate the individual elements of the two neutrino mass matrix, writing M^2=m^2 I+M_0^2, we obtain (1 sigma errors): M_0^2=10^{-5} eV^2\pmatrix{ 2.06^{+0.29}_{-0.31} & 3.15^{+0.29}_{-0.35} \cr 3.15^{+0.29}_{-0.35} & 4.60^{+0.56}_{-0.44} }

Hamevol1.0: a C++ code for differential equations based on Runge-Kutta algorithm. An application to matter enhanced neutrino oscillation

We present a C++ implementation of a fifth order semi-implicit Runge-Kutta algorithm for solving Ordinary Differential Equations. This algorithm can be used for studying many different problems and in particular it can be applied for computing the evolution of any system whose Hamiltonian is known. We consider in particular the problem of calculating the neutrino oscillation probabilities in presence of matter interactions. The time performance and the accuracy of this implementation is competitive with respect to the other analytical and numerical techniques used in literature. The algorithm design and the salient features of the code are presented and discussed and some explicit examples of code application are given.Comment: 18 pages, Late

Finite volume study of electric polarizabilities from lattice QCD

Knowledge of the electric polarizability is crucial to understanding the interactions of hadrons with electromagnetic fields. The neutron polarizability is very sensitive to the quark mass and is expected to diverge in the chiral limit. Here we present results for the electric polarizability of the neutron, neutral pion, and neutral kaon on eight ensembles with nHYP-smeared clover dynamical fermions with two different pion masses (227 and 306 MeV). These are currently the lightest pion masses used in polarizability studies. For each pion mass we compute the polarizability at four different volumes and perform an infinite volume extrapolation for the three hadrons. Along with the infinite volume extrapolation we conduct a chiral extrapolation for the kaon polarizability to the physical point. We compare our results for the neutron polarizability to predictions from chiral perturbation theory.Comment: 7 pages, 11 figure

Solar neutrino experiments and Borexino perspectives

We present an updated analysis of all the data available about solar neutrinos, including the charged current SNO results. The best fit of the data is obtained in the Large Mixing Angle region, but different solutions are still possible. We also study the perspectives of Borexino and conclude that this experiment, with a parallel analysis of total rate and day-night asymmmetry, should be able to discriminate between the different possible solutions.Comment: 3 pages, Latex, talk given by V. Antonelli at TAUP 2001 Conferenc

KamLAND Bounds on Solar Antineutrinos and neutrino transition magnetic moments

We investigate the possibility of detecting solar electron antineutrinos with the KamLAND experiment. These electron antineutrinos are predicted by spin-flavor oscillations at a significant rate even if this mechanism is not the leading solution to the SNP. KamLAND is sensitive to antineutrinos originated from solar ${}^8$B neutrinos. From KamLAND negative results after 145 days of data taking, we obtain model independent limits on the total flux of solar electron antineutrinos $\Phi({}^8 B)< 1.1-3.5\times 10^4 cm^{-2}\ s^{-1}$, more than one order of magnitude smaller than existing limits, and on their appearance probability$P<0.15%$(95antineutrino production by spin-flavor precession, this upper bound implies an upper limit on the product of the intrinsic neutrino magnetic moment and the value of the solar magnetic field$\mu B< 2.3\times 10^{-21}$MeV 95LMA$(\Delta m^2, \tan^2\theta)$values). Limits on neutrino transition moments are also obtained. For realistic values of other astrophysical solar parameters these upper limits would imply that the neutrino magnetic moment is constrained to be, in the most conservative case,$\mu\lsim 3.9\times 10^{-12} \mu_B$(95CL) for a relatively small field$B= 50$kG. For higher values of the magnetic field we obtain:$\mu\lsim 9.0\times 10^{-13} \mu_B$for field$B= 200$kG and$\mu\lsim 2.0\times 10^{-13} \mu_B$for field$B= 1000$ kG at the same statistical significance.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figure

Transmission of somatic embryogenesis via sexual hybridization in Dactylis glomerata L.

The primary objective of this study was to determine if the ability of an orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) genotype to produce somatic embryos in vitro culture could be sexually transmitted to genotypes not possessing this ability. Reciprocal crosses were performed between embryogenic and nonembryogenic genotypes. Seeds from crosses were germinated and plants maintained in a greenhouse. Leaf sections of F1 plants (27 crosses and 4 selfs) were cultured on Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) medium amended with 30 μM 3,6-dichloro- o-anisic acid (dicamba) and evaluated for embryogenic response. There were no significant differences between F1 plants in which females were the embryogenic parents and those in which males were the embryogenic parents for the production (mean number) of somatic embryos and the ability of these somatic embryos to produce viable shoots. Five crosses individually compared with their reciprocals were not significantly different for the production (mean number) of somatic embryos and their ability to produce shoots. Two embryogenic parents compared to their F1 progeny were not significantly different for the production of somatic embryos. However, one parent was significantly different from its F1 progeny for the total shoots produced. The ratios of embryogenic to nonembryogenic F1 progeny and of embryogenic females to embryogenic males were 1:1. Secondary goals were to determine the influence of sucrose on the germination of somatic embryos and the development of meristematic tissue in somatic embryos. Seventy percent of the somatic embryos that were cultured on SH with 3% sucrose produced shoots whereas, only 27% of those cultured on SH without sucrose produced shoots. Shoot and/or root apices from somatic embryos of F1 derived leaf cultures were observed from histological sections of somatic embryos, but there was insufficient data to make any conclusions. Transmission of somatic embryogenesis was demonstrated to be under control of nuclear gene(s) due to lack of significant effects for reciprocal crosses. The embryogenic trait was effectively incorporated into nonembryogenic genotypes via sexual hybridizations. This research provides preliminary information that will be useful for further understanding somatic embryogenesis in orchardgrass