A influência da presença de tecido muscular em local de cicatrização óssea

PURPOSE: The recovery of a bone fracture is a process that is not yet fully understood. The literature conflicts on the results obtained by the interposition of foreign tissue inside a damaged bone. The objective of the present study was to ascertain the effect of placing muscle tissue between the stumps of a fractured bone. METHOD: The study was carried out on 10 rabbits divided into 2 groups (n = 5): Group 1-partial fracture of the humerus and interposition of muscle tissue; Group 2-complete fracture of the humerus and interposition of muscle tissue. The fractured limb of all animals was immobilized for 8 weeks. At the end of this time, the rabbits were killed and their operated humeri were carefully removed for roentgenological and histological assessment. RESULTS: All humeri of Group 1 recovered their integrity and normal aspect. However, the healing of the humeri of Group 2 was not perfect. Gross angulation of the bone diaphysis occurred in all animals, and immature trabecular bone, osteochondral tissue, and persistence of muscle tissue substituted normal bone. CONCLUSIONS: Interposed muscle does not affect partial bone fracture healing but causes instability in a complete fracture.OBJETIVO: A recuperação de uma fratura óssea ainda não está bem compreendida. A literatura é controversa quanto aos resultados da interposição de tecidos no interior de uma lesão óssea. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar o efeito da interposição de tecido muscular entre as partes de um osso fraturado. MÉTODO: Dez coelhos foram distribuídos em dois grupos (n=5): Grupo 1- secção parcial do úmero e interposição de tecido muscular; Grupo 2- secção completa do úmero e interposição de tecido muscular. Os membros fraturados de todos os animais foram imobilizados por oito semanas. No final desse período, os coelhos foram mortos e o úmero fraturado foi cuidadosamente removido para estudo radiográfico e histológico. RESULTADOS: Todos os úmeros do Grupo 1 recuperaram sua integridade e se apresentaram de aspecto normal. Entretanto, o processo de recuperação do Grupo 2 não foi perfeito. Angulações grosseiras da diáfise óssea ocorreram em todos os animais, e o osso normal foi substituído por trabéculas ósseas imaturas, tecido osteochondral e se caracterizaram pela persistência do tecido muscular. CONCLUSÕES: A interposição de tecido muscular não afeta o processo cicatricial de fraturas parciais, mas torna instável a fratura completa

LAPAROSCOPIC BARIATRIC SURGERY IN ADOLESCENTS: EARLY AND FIVE- YEAR CLINICAL AND LABORATORY ASSESSMENT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Obesity has reached epidemic proportions among adolescents. Methods, such as bariatric surgery, have become the most effective treatment for patients with classes III and IV obesity. AIM: To evaluate weight loss, comorbidity remission, and long-term results of bariatric surgery in adolescents. METHODS: Study with adolescent patients undergoing bariatric surgery, evaluating laboratory tests, comorbidities, and the percentage of excess weight loss in the preoperative period and at one, two, and five years postoperatively. RESULTS: A total of 65 patients who met the inclusion criteria, with a mean age of 18.6 years, were included in the analysis. In the preoperative period, 30.8% of hypercholesterolemia, 23.1% of systemic arterial hypertension, and 18.4% of type 2 diabetes were recorded, with remission of these percentages occurring in 60, 66.7 and 83.4%, respectively. The mean percentage of excess weight loss was 63.48% after one year of surgery, 64.75% after two years, and 57.28% after five years. The mean preoperative total cholesterol level was 180.26 mg/dL, and after one, two, and five years, it was 156.89 mg/dL, 161.39 mg/dL, and 150.97 mg/dL, respectively. The initial mean of low-density lipoprotein was 102.19mg/dL and after five years the mean value reduced to 81.81 mg/dL. The mean preoperative glycemia was 85.08 mg/dL and reduced to 79.13 mg/dL after one year, and to 76.19 mg/dL after five years. CONCLUSIONS: Bariatric surgery is safe and effective in adolescents, with low morbidity, resulting in a loss of excess weight and long-term stability, improving laboratory tests, and leading to remission of comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and systemic arterial hypertension

SINAL RADIOGRÁFICO DE ACÚMULO FECAL NO CECO PARA DIAGNÓSTICO DFERENCIAL DE APENDICITE AGUDA EM RELAÇÃO A OUTRAS DOENÇAS INFLAMATÓRIAS ABDOMINAIS

Objetivo: O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar um sinal radiográfico caracterizado pela imagem de acúmulo fecal no ceco, em radiografias simples de abdome em doentes com apendicite aguda, bem como avaliar a sensibilidade e especificidade desse sinal nessa afecção, em comparação com outras doenças inflamatórias agudas da parte direita do abdome. Método:Foram estudados prospectivamente 470 pacientes consecutivos, de ambos os sexos, internados com abdome agudo e dor localizada no flanco direito, distribuídos em quatro grupos: Grupo 1 (n=170) - pacientes portadores de apendicite aguda, Grupo 2 (n = 100) - pacientes portadores de cálculo na via urinária direita, Grupo 3 (n = 100) - pacientes portadoras de afecções ginecológicas agudas à direita e Grupo 4 (n = 100) - pacientes operados por colecistite aguda. Radiografias simples de abdome foram realizadas em todos os casos dos quatro grupos durante a crise inflamatória aguda que precederam o tratamento. Resultados: A presença do sinal radiográfico de enchimento fecal esteve presente em 165 pacientes do Grupo 1, em 19 pacientes com cálculos nas via  urinárias, em 12 pacientes com afecções ginecológicas e em 13 pacientes com afecções das vias biliares. A sensibilidade do sinal radiográfico para apendicite aguda foi de 97,05 % e sua especificidade foi de 85,33 %. O valor preditivo positivo do sinal radiográfico para apendicite aguda foi de 78,94% entretanto, seu valor preditivo negativo foi de 98,08%. Conclusão: A imagem de acúmulo fecal no ceco em radiografia simples de abdome na incidência ântero-posterior associa-se a apendicite aguda. Esse sinal é incomum na presença de outras doenças inflamatórias abdominais agudas do lado direito do abdome. A ausência desse sinal radiográfico em paciente com suspeita de apendicite aguda deve alertar para a grande possibilidade de o diagnóstico ser diferente do pressuposto.  Objective: The value of plain abdominal radiography in acute appendicitis has not been completely studied. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to verify a new radiographic sign: the presence of fecal loading in the cecum. Methods: 470 consecutive patients of both sexes admitted to the hospital due to acute abdominal pain localized in the right flank were prospectively studied. The patients were divided into four groups: Group 1 (n=170) –acute appendicitis – patients submitted to an abdominal radiographic study a few hours before surgical treatment; Group 2 (n=100) – right nephrolithiasis submitted to an abdominal radiography during the episode of pain caused by the lithiasis; Group 3 (n=100) – right acute inflammatory pelvic disease that underwent an abdominal radiographic study during the pain incident; Group 4 (n=100) – acute cholecystitis submitted to abdominal radiography during the pain episode that preceded the surgical procedure. All of the radiographs were plain with an anteroposterior view of the abdomen. Results: The sign of fecal loading in the cecum was present in 165 patients of Group 1,in 19 patients of Group 2, in 12 patients of Group 3 and in 13 patients of Group 4. The sensitivity of the radiographic sign for acute appendicitis was 97,05 % and its specificity was 85,33%. The positive predictive value for acute appendicitis was 78,94 % and its negative predictive value was 98,08%. Conclusions: The radiographic image of fecal loading in the cecum is associated with acute appendicitis. This sign is uncommon in other acute inflammatory diseases of the right side of the abdomen. The absence of this sign makes the diagnosis of acute appendicitis improbable

Cloacal exstrophy associated with gastroschisis: Case report of a rare association with favorable outcome

AbstractAbdominal wall defects are congenital malformations representing a challenge for pediatric surgeons. This paper presents a rare case of difficult surgical decision and clinical management, leading to a favorable outcome brought about by the multidisciplinary treatment of a patient with cloacal exstrophy associated with gastroschisis