2,731 research outputs found
Technological sources of productivity growth in Japan, the U.S. and Germany
In this paper, we use a dynamic general equilibrium growth model to quantify the contribution of different technological sources to productivity growth in the three leading economies: Germany, Japan, and the U.S. The sources of technology are classified as representing either neutral progress or investment-specific progress. The latter can be split into two different types of equipment: information and communication technologies (ICT) and non-ICT equipment. We find that in the long run, neutral technological change is the main source of productivity growth in Germany. For Japan and the U.S., the main source of productivity growth is investment-specific technological change, mainly associated with ICT. We also find that a non negligible part of productivity growth has been due to technology specific to non-ICT equipment; this is mainly true after 1995.Productivity growth; Investment-specific progress; Neutral progress; Information and communication technology.
The influence of social value and selfcongruity on interpersonal connections in virtual social networks by Gen-Y tourists
This research focuses on the relationship of self-congruity and perceived social value with
the interpersonal connections established by Generation Y tourists in virtual social networks.
A quantitative study was performed using a sample of young travelers from Spain.
The methodologies of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Models
(SEM) were used to analyze the results. The findings of the research show that self-congruity
influences the perceived social value; the perceived social value leads to satisfaction and
the creation of interpersonal connections in virtual social networks; and the interpersonal
connections in virtual social networks influence the use of these tools by Generation Y
travelers
The Productivity Paradox and the New Economy: The Spanish Case
This paper studies the impact of the information and communication technologies (ICT) on economic growth in Spain using a dynamic general equilibrium approach. Contrary to previous works, we use a production function with six different capital inputs, three of them corresponding to ICT assets. Calibration of the model suggests that the contribution of ICT to Spanish productivity growth is very relevant, whereas the contribution of non-ICT capital has been even negative. Additionally, over the sample period 1995-2002, we find a negative TFP and productivity growth. These results together aim at the hypothesis that the Spanish economy could be placed within the productivity paradox.New economy, information and communication technologies, technological change, productivity paradox.
ICT-specific technological change and productivity growth in the US 1980-2004
This paper studies the impact of the information and communication technologies (ICT) on U.S. economic growth using a dynamic general equilibrium approach. We use a production function with six different capital inputs, three of them corresponding to ICT assets and other three to non-ICT assets. We find that the technological change embedded in hardware equipment is the main leading non-neutral force of the U.S. productivity growth and accounts for about one quarter of it during the period 1980-2004. As a whole, ICT-specific technological change accounts for about 35% of total labor productivity growth.New economy, information and communication technologies, specific-technological change, neutral-technological change.
Following the yellow brick road? The Euro, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland
This paper uses a combination of VAR and bootstrapping techniques to analyze whether the exchange rates of some New Member States of the EU have been used as output stabilizers (those of the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland), during 1993-2004. This question is important because it provides a prior evaluation on the costs and bene?ts involved in entering the European Monetary Union (EMU). Joining the EMU is not optional for these countries but mandatory, although there is no de?nite deadline. Therefore, if the exchange rate works as a shock absorber, monetary independence could be retained for a longer period. Our main ?nding is that the exchange rate could be a stabilizing tool in Poland and the Czech Republic, although in Hungary it appears to act as a propagator of shocks. In addition, in these three countries, demand and monetary shocks account for most of the variability in both nominal and real exchange rates.EMU, exchange rate, Structural VAR, stationary bootstraps
The Environmental Attitudes and Behaviours of European Golf Tourists
Environmental attitudes and behaviours have received relatively little attention in golf
tourism, compared to other tourism research areas. Golf tourism provides products and services
based on nature, and they should focus on the environment. Golf has become increasingly important
in the development of European tourism within the last decade. Moreover, golf is one of the primary
motivations for European tourists in the sports tourism sector. This study is based on a sample
of 431 golf tourists, from different nationalities, who visit Andalusia, Spain. This research examines
the relationship between environmental attitudes and behavioural intentions for three subsamples
of European nationalities: British, German, and Spanish. This relationship was corroborated in
the three subsamples. However, the national citizenship of European golf tourists was not a moderator
effect on the relationship between environmental attitudes and behavioural intentions
State of the art of pricing policy in air transportation: network carriers vs. low-cost airlines
The modern air transport industry is highly competitive. To survive in the market, the implementation of a successful marketing strategy is fundamental. In particular, an effective pricing policy has become crucial for airlines to remain profitable. Correspondingly, the different types of airline in the market have also established very distinct pricing policies. The present study is based on a literature review and presents the state of the art of pricing policy in air transportation. The aim is to compare and discuss the pricing strategies of network carriers and low-cost airlines. Special attention is paid to Revenue Management, which is a very important management tool used by airlines to take advantage of the differences in willingness to pay of passengers. The pricing policy, however, depends on the overall business strategy of the airline. Results show many differences, resulting from the fact that these two types of airline are characterized by very different fundamental business models and, correspondingly, also target groups. Since network carriers and also low-cost airlines have adjusted their pricing strategies lately, these recent developments will be discussed as well. This paper adds to the knowledge of this topic because it presents the most up-to-date and complete study on pricing regarding network carriers vs. low-cost airlines.A moderna indústria do transporte aéreo é altamente competitiva. Para
sobreviver no mercado, a implementação de uma estratégia de marketing
bem-sucedida é fundamental. Em particular, uma política de preços eficaz
tornou-se crucial para as companhias aéreas continuarem lucrativas. Os
diferentes tipos de companhias aéreas no mercado também
estabeleceram políticas de preços muito distintas. O presente estudo
baseia-se numa revisão da literatura e apresenta o estado da arte da
política de preços no transporte aéreo. O objetivo é comparar e discutir
as estratégias de preços de companhias aéreas de linha e companhias
aéreas de baixo custo. Atenção especial é dada à Gestão de Receitas
(Revenue Management), que é uma ferramenta de gestão usada pelas
companhias aéreas para aproveitar as diferenças na disposição de pagar
dos passageiros. A política de preços, no entanto, depende da estratégia
geral de negócios da companhia aérea. Os resultados mostram muitas
diferenças, resultantes do facto de que esses dois tipos de companhias
aéreas são caracterizados por modelos de negócios fundamentais muito
diferentes e, correspondentemente, também grupos-alvo. Como as
operadoras de rede e também as companhias aéreas de baixo custo
ajustaram as suas estratégias de preços ultimamente, esses
desenvolvimentos recentes também serão discutidos. Este documento
contribui para o conhecimento deste tópico, pois apresenta o estudo mais
atualizado e completo sobre preços de companhias aéreas de linha versus
companhias aéreas de baixo custo.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Influencia del patrón estacional en el turista experimentado
La estacionalidad es un fenómeno muy relevante
en el turismo, siendo un factor al que deben
prestar una atención especial los responsables de las
organizaciones y destinos turísticos. En el presente
trabajo se trata de analizar la infl uencia que ejerce el
patrón estacional del destino turístico andaluz sobre
la percepción del turista experimentado respecto a un
conjunto de componentes de la oferta de ese destino.
Se concluye que la mayor percepción negativa del
turista durante la temporada alta es signifi cativa tan
sólo respecto al medio ambiente y para los turistas
nacionales.The seasonal concentration is an important
fact in tourism and it has a great relevance for
the marketers of enterprises and destinations. This
paper analyces the infl uence that excercises the
seasonal pattern of the Andalusian destination on the
perception of the experienced tourist with regard to
several components of the supply of this destination.
The results suggest that the major negative perception
of the tourist during the high season is signifi cant only
with regard to the environment and for the national
tourists
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