Functional approach to (2+1) dimensional gravity

We work out the phase-space functional integral of the gravitational field in 2+1 dimensions interacting with N point particles in an open universe.Comment: 3 pages, LaTeX, contribution to the X Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity, Rio de Janeiro, July 20-26, 200

Matrix product and sum rule for Macdonald polynomials

We present a new, explicit sum formula for symmetric Macdonald polynomials $P_\lambda$ and show that they can be written as a trace over a product of (infinite dimensional) matrices. These matrices satisfy the Zamolodchikov--Faddeev (ZF) algebra. We construct solutions of the ZF algebra from a rank-reduced version of the Yang--Baxter algebra. As a corollary, we find that the normalization of the stationary measure of the multi-species asymmetric exclusion process is a Macdonald polynomial with all variables set equal to one.Comment: 11 pages, extended abstract submission to FPSA

Matrix product formula for Macdonald polynomials

We derive a matrix product formula for symmetric Macdonald polynomials. Our results are obtained by constructing polynomial solutions of deformed Knizhnik--Zamolodchikov equations, which arise by considering representations of the Zamolodchikov--Faddeev and Yang--Baxter algebras in terms of $t$-deformed bosonic operators. These solutions form a basis of the ring of polynomials in $n$ variables, whose elements are indexed by compositions. For weakly increasing compositions (anti-dominant weights), these basis elements coincide with non-symmetric Macdonald polynomials. Our formulas imply a natural combinatorial interpretation in terms of solvable lattice models. They also imply that normalisations of stationary states of multi-species exclusion processes are obtained as Macdonald polynomials at $q=1$.Comment: 27 pages; typos corrected, references added and some better conventions adopted in v