Hepatic effects of halothane and isoflurane anesthesia in goats

To determine hepatic effects of halothane and isoflurane anesthesia in young healthy goats.Randomized prospective clinical trial.24 healthy 9-month-old female goats.Goats were sedated with xylazine hydrochloride and ketamine hydrochloride and anesthetized with halothane (n = 12) or isoflurane (12) while undergoing tendon surgery. End-tidal halothane and isoflurane concentrations were maintained at 0.9 and 1.2 times the minimal alveolar concentrations, respectively, and ventilation was controlled. Venous blood samples were collected approximately 15 minutes after xylazine was administered and 24 and 48 hours after anesthesia, and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activities and bilirubin concentration were measured. Goats were euthanatized 25 or 62 days after anesthesia, and postmortem liver specimens were submitted for histologic examination.All goats recovered from anesthesia and survived until euthanasia. Serum SDH, GGT, and ALP activities and bilirubin concentration did not increase after anesthesia, but serum AST activity was significantly increased. However, serum hepatic enzyme activities were within reference limits at all times in all except 1 goat in which serum AST activity was high 24 and 48 hours after anesthesia. This goat had been anesthetized with halothane and had the longest duration of anesthesia. No clinically important abnormalities were seen on histologic examination of liver specimens.Results suggest that use of halothane or isoflurane for anesthesia in young healthy goats is unlikely to cause hepatic injury

O sevofluorano em psitacídeos (Amazonas aestiva): determinação da dose mínima (d. a. m) para produção de anestesia geral Sevoflurane in psitacines (Amazonas aestiva): determination of minimal anesthetic concentration to produce general anesthesia

Foram utilizados 10 psitacídeos da espécie Amazonas aestiva (papagaio-verdadeiro). Após contenção física, a anestesia foi induzida com o auxílio de uma máscara facial conectada ao sistema de Maplesson D (BARAKA), utilizando sevofluorano a 6V% e fluxo diluente de O2 de 1,5<IMG SRC="http:/img/fbpe/cr/v32n5/11864s1.gif">/min de oxigênio. A determinação da Dose Anestésica Mínima (DAM) foi estabelecida de maneira similar àquela proposta por LUDDERS et al. (1990). A DAM obtida neste experimento 3,44V%, que eqüivale a concentração alveolar mínima de mamíferos mostrou-se maior nas aves analisadas quando comparada a obtida nos mamíferos. O anestésico mostrou-se bastante seguro para a espécie, não alterando de forma deletéria as variáveis fisiológicas analisadas.<br>Ten adult psittacines (Amazonas aestiva) were used. After appropriate immobilization the anesthetic induction was accomplished with facial mask connect to modified circuit of Maggil using 6V% of Sevofluorano with oxygen flow rate at 1.5/<IMG SRC="http:/img/fbpe/cr/v32n5/11864s1.gif">. The Minimal Anesthetic Concentration was determined in a manner similar to that proposed by LUDDERS et al. (1990). The MAC obtained was 3.44V%, higher than MAC. proposed to mammals. Sevoflurane can be used safely in avian species once it did not alter significantly all physiological parameters analyzed