2 research outputs found
Single and Multiple Doping in Graphene Quantum Dots: Unraveling the Origin of Selectivity in the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Singly and multiply doped graphene
oxide quantum dots have been
synthesized by a simple electrochemical method using water as solvent.
The obtained materials have been characterized by photoemission spectroscopy
and scanning tunneling microscopy, in order to get a detailed picture
of their chemical and structural properties. The electrochemical activity
toward the oxygen reduction reaction of the doped graphene oxide quantum
dots has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry and rotating disk
electrode measurements, showing a clear decrease of the overpotential
as a function of the dopant according to the sequence: N ā¼
B > B,N. Moreover, assisted by density functional calculations
of
the Gibbs free energy associated with every electron transfer, we
demonstrate that the selectivity of the reaction is controlled by
the oxidation states of the dopants: as-prepared graphene oxide quantum
dots follow a two-electron reduction path that leads to the formation
of hydrogen peroxide, whereas after the reduction with NaBH<sub>4,</sub> the same materials favor a four-electron reduction of oxygen to
water
Width-Dependent Band Gap in Armchair Graphene Nanoribbons Reveals Fermi Level Pinning on Au(111)
We
report the energy level alignment evolution of valence and conduction
bands of armchair-oriented graphene nanoribbons (aGNR) as their band
gap shrinks with increasing width. We use 4,4ā³-dibromo-<i>para</i>-terphenyl as the molecular precursor on Au(111) to
form extended poly-<i>para</i>-phenylene nanowires, which
can subsequently be fused sideways to form atomically precise aGNRs
of varying widths. We measure the frontier bands by means of scanning
tunneling spectroscopy, corroborating that the nanoribbonās
band gap is inversely proportional to their width. Interestingly,
valence bands are found to show Fermi level pinning as the band gap
decreases below a threshold value around 1.7 eV. Such behavior is
of critical importance to understand the properties of potential contacts
in GNR-based devices. Our measurements further reveal a particularly
interesting system for studying Fermi level pinning by modifying an
adsorbateās band gap while maintaining an almost unchanged
interface chemistry defined by substrate and adsorbate