Glossario

Il Glossario raccoglie un elenco di voci in ordine alfabetico, tratte dai testi in esame, che sono frutto – in quanto non ci risultano attestate in nessun tipo di dizionario – di invenzione di R., il più delle volte grazie a una morfologia derivativa “inventiva”, e in altri casi, decisamente minoritari, con il ricorso a radicali nuovi

Polymeric nano-micelles as novel cargo-carriers for LY2157299 liver cancer cells delivery

LY2157299 (LY), which is very small molecule bringing high cancer diffusion, is a pathway antagonist against TGF\u3b2. LY dosage can be diluted by blood plasma, can be captured by immune system or it might be dissolved during digestion in gastrointestinal tract. The aim of our study is to optimize a "nano-elastic" carrier to avoid acidic pH of gastrointestinal tract, colon alkaline pH, and anti-immune recognition. Polygalacturonic acid (PgA) is not degradable in the gastrointestinal tract due to its insolubility at acidic pH. To avoid PgA solubility in the colon, we have designed its conjugation with Polyacrylic acid (PAA). PgA-PAA conjugation has enhanced their potential use for oral and injected dosage. Following these pre-requisites, novel polymeric nano-micelles derived from PgA-PAA conjugation and loading LY2157299 are developed and characterized. Efficacy, uptake and targeting against a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HLF) have also been demonstrated.LY2157299 (LY), which is very small molecule bringing high cancer diffusion, is a pathway antagonist against TGF\uce\ub2. LY dosage can be diluted by blood plasma, can be captured by immune system or it might be dissolved during digestion in gastrointestinal tract. The aim of our study is to optimize a \ue2\u80\u9cnano-elastic\ue2\u80\u9d carrier to avoid acidic pH of gastrointestinal tract, colon alkaline pH, and anti-immune recognition. Polygalacturonic acid (PgA) is not degradable in the gastrointestinal tract due to its insolubility at acidic pH. To avoid PgA solubility in the colon, we have designed its conjugation with Polyacrylic acid (PAA). PgA-PAA conjugation has enhanced their potential use for oral and injected dosage. Following these pre-requisites, novel polymeric nano-micelles derived from PgA-PAA conjugation and loading LY2157299 are developed and characterized. Efficacy, uptake and targeting against a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HLF) have also been demonstrated

Introduzione

Introduzione al volume "Oltre il confine delle parole. Leggere gli écrits bruts di R.

Oltre il confine delle parole. Leggere gli écrits bruts di R.

Nel volume vengono riprodotti ed esaminati i testi di R., persona tuttora vivente e affetta da disturbo pervasivo dello sviluppo. Sono scritture nate in gran parte come produzioni orali, e successivamente trascritte a opera del tutor, dotate di un alto livello di formalità, traccia della sua avidità di lettura. Veri e propri écrits bruts, si impongono per la ricchezza di neologismi coi quali R. esplora le potenzialità di significato che le parole contengono per dare voce, così, al suo vissuto emotivo e alla sua passione intellettuale: «I giorni diventano adolescenti per un presente solido e liquido di aggiornamento vitale». L’analisi lessicale, morfologica e sintattica si confronta poi con analoghi scritti di tipo asilare, in una linea di indagine volta a cogliere le potenzialità di conoscenza insite in testi tradizionalmente negletti

Seroprevalence of Q fever, brucellosis and leptospirosis in farmers and agricultural workers in Bari, Southern Italy

To establish the seroprevalence of antibodies to C. burnetii, Leptospira and Brucella in subjects at risk of exposure, 128 workers exposed to farm animals and 280 healthy blood donors were studied. Antibodies to C. burnetii, Leptospira and Brucella were determined by indirect immunofluorescence assay, by microagglutination test (MAT) and by standard tube agglutination test, respectively. Of subjects exposed to farm animals 73.4 % were positive for anti C. burnetii IgG (titer > or = 20) compared to 13.6 % of control subjects (p < 0.0001). The seroprevalence was found mainly among the veterinarians (100 %) and the animal breeding workers (84 %). The trend of percentage of positivity to antibodies to C. burnetii is significant only in the group of workers > or = 70 years, when adjusted for sex and occupation. None of the subjects examined had antibodies to Leptospira and Brucella. Further improvements in the occupational hygiene of the work environment is advisabl

Liver abscess due to Fusobacterium necrophorum in an immunocompetent patient. A case report and review of the literature

We report a case of hepatic abscess in an immunocompetent patient due to Fusobacterium necrophorum possibly secondary to Lemierre syndrome. On admission, hepatomegaly was evident. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a low-density lesion at the VII hepatic segment confirmed by computed tomography. A sample of drained fluid grew a strain of F. necrophorum, whereas blood culture were negative both for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Therapy with metronidazole improved both symptoms and radiographic images. Many cases of anaerobic hepatic abscess may be missed owing to difficulties in the isolation of anaerobes in many laboratories. Microbiology laboratory staff should be familiar with this microorganism. An early alert to physicians could avert delays in reaching diagnosis and specific therapy

Therapeutic Effect of Polymeric Nanomicelles Formulation of LY2157299-Galunisertib on CCl4-Induced Liver Fibrosis in Rats

Hepatic fibrosis (HF) is a major cause of liver-related disorders and together with cancer-associated fibroblasts can favor liver cancer development by modulating the tumor microenvironment. Advanced HF, characterized by an excess of extracellular matrix (ECM), is mediated by TGF- β1, that activates hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and fibroblasts. A TGF-β1 receptor inhibitor, LY2157299 or Galunisertib (GLY), has shown promising results against chronic liver progression in animal models, and we show that it can be further improved by enhancing GLYs bioavailability through encapsulation in polymeric polygalacturonic-polyacrylic acid nanomicelles (GLY-NMs). GLY-NMs reduced HF in an in vivo rat model of liver fibrosis induced by intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 as shown by the morphological, biochemical, and molecular biology parameters of normal and fibrotic livers. Moreover, GLY-NM was able to induce recovery from HF better than free GLY. Indeed, the encapsulated drug reduces collagen deposition, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation, prevents fatty degeneration and restores the correct lobular architecture of the liver as well as normalizes the serum parameters and expression of the genes involved in the onset of HF. In summary, GLY-NM improved the pharmacological activity of the free TGF- β1 inhibitor in the in vivo HF treatment and thus is a candidate as a novel therapeutic strategy

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Radical Surgery versus Concurrent Chemo-Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis

Objectives This study aims to evaluate oncological outcomes in women affected by locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy before radical surgery (NACT + RS) or concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (CCRT). Methods This was a multicenter retrospective analysis of data related to women with LACC (FIGO stage IB2-IVA), who were treated by NACT + RS or CCRT between November 2006 and January 2018. The first endpoints were the evaluation of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS); univariate and multivariate analyses were performed for identifying the prognostic factors independently associated with these oncological outcomes. Results Overall, 106 women were included in the analysis; 55 of them (51.9%) underwent NACT + RS and 51 (48.1%) CCRT, respectively. Patients in the NACT + RS group had a significant better five-year DFS and five-year OS than those in the CCRT group (77.4% vs. 33.4%, p < .001 and 93.8% vs. 56.5%, p = .003). In the multivariate analyses, treatment choice (NACT + RS or CCRT) was the only independent prognostic factor for predicting both DFS (HR = 3.954; 95 CI = 1.898–8.236; p < 0.001) and OS (HR = 5.330; 95 CI = 1.563–18.178; p = 0.008). Conclusions This retrospective study demonstrated an improved survival outcome for patients undergoing NACT + RS compared with those undergoing CCRT. Our findings seem to support the use of NACT before RS as an effective alternative option to CCRT standard therapy