Sibudu, Still Bay: Bifacial pieces and fragments of bifacial pieces.

<p>1, 4–7, 9, 12–17: dolerite; 2, 3: hornfels; 8, 10, 11: quartzite. Layer, square, cat. number: (1) RGS, B6a, PV2; (2) RGS, B6a, 11; (3) RGS, B6a, 28; (4) RGS, C5d, L22; (5) RGS, C5a, L20; (6) RGS2, B5d, 16; (7) RGS2, B4b, L10; (8) PGS, C6c, P5; (9) RGS, B4a, L6; (10) RGS, B6a, 20; (11) RGS, B5c, 23; (12) RGS, B6a, 29; (13) RGS, B5b, 34; (14) HinRGS, B5a, 21; (15) RGS, B5c, 17; (16) RGS, C5c, L12; (17) PGS, C6c, P1.</p

Sibudu HP: Quartz backed pieces from GS, except I and K from GSII.

<p>The white dots indicate backing abrupt retouch, all crystal quartz except I-K of milky quartz. (A, B) segments on indeterminate blank; (C) partly backed piece on a flake; (D) completely backed piece, indeterminate blank; (E) oblique truncation oon a bladelet; (F) straight back piece, irregular shape on a flake fragment; (G) double-backed piece on a bladelet; (H) oblique truncation on a bladelet; (I) segment on a bladelet; (J) partly backed piece, indeterminate blank; (K) broken segment, indeterminate blank. Scale bars in mm.</p

Geographic map with location of sites mentioned in the text.

<p>Geographic map with location of sites mentioned in the text.</p

Fragments by phases of manufacture¹ at Blombos and Sibudu.

<p>¹ Fragment types as in [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0131127#pone.0131127.ref027" target="_blank">27</a>]. Phase 1: initial shaping. Phase 2: advanced shaping. Phase 3: finished products. Phase 4: recycled, modified.</p><p>² Non-orientable fragments are excluded.</p><p>Fragments by phases of manufacture<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0131127#t008fn001" target="_blank">¹</a> at Blombos and Sibudu.</p

Impact scars ≥ 2 mm at Sibudu and other HP sites¹.

<p>¹The total number of backed pieces does not include undetermined (mainly broken) cases and straight truncations. Transverse bending fractures (in parenthesis) are included in the total number of scars.</p><p>Impact scars ≥ 2 mm at Sibudu and other HP sites<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0131127#t013fn001" target="_blank">¹</a>.</p

Impact scars on Sibudu points.

<p>Layer, square, cat. num., raw material (1) RGS2 B4b no. 10, dolerite; (2) PGS B6a P 15, dolerite.</p

Blombos Still Bay points and other bifacial pieces.

<p>¹ Four tip flakes of phase 3 and three tip flakes of phase 2 are included. The number of points is higher than the one published in [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0131127#pone.0131127.ref027" target="_blank">27</a>] because we include here all other points found in the 2009–2010 and 2011 excavations.</p><p>Blombos Still Bay points and other bifacial pieces.</p

Sibudu HP: Frequency distribution of exterior platform angles for dolerite blades in layer GS (N = 82) and for an experimental sample of dolerite blades made with a wood hammer (N = 54).

<p>Sibudu HP: Frequency distribution of exterior platform angles for dolerite blades in layer GS (N = 82) and for an experimental sample of dolerite blades made with a wood hammer (N = 54).</p

Stratigraphic distribution of SB and HP lithic markers¹.

<p>¹Eleven backed pieces and nine HP style blades, identified by comparison with the HP debitage in the upper layers GS and GR and the HP debitage of Rose Cottage and Klasies River Cave 1A [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0131127#pone.0131127.ref020" target="_blank">20</a>,<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0131127#pone.0131127.ref021" target="_blank">21</a>] are present in SB layers. The numbers in parenthesis is the total number of blades in the SB layers. DRG is a small assemblage with 14 backed pieces and is not included here.</p><p>Stratigraphic distribution of SB and HP lithic markers<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0131127#t001fn001" target="_blank">¹</a>.</p

Sibudu Still Bay.

<p>Frequencies of shaping flake types in dolerite and hornfels.</p