The Importance of Knowledge Assets on University-Industry Collaboration: A Preliminary Analysis

Abstract. Intellectual capital is an important base for inter-organizational collaborative activities, including the industry-academic collaboration studied here. A preliminary study was conducted with analytic hierarchy process method, trying to know the dimensionalized associations between intellectual capital (i.e., Human, Structural, Customers, Organizational, Process, knowledge, and innovation capitals) and industry-academic collaboration (i.e., academic engagement and commercialization). Analyzing expert opinions, we gained matrices and priority scores, indicating that different forms of intellectual capital have different influences on academic engagement versus commercialization. The results remind scholarly works to look into detailed and differentiated mechanisms that utilize intellectual capital for governing industry-academic collaboration.Keywords. Intellectual capital, Industry-academic collaboration, Analytic hierarchy process; Taiwan.JEL. M10; L33; L52

Comparison of BDNF serum levels between early glaucoma patients, moderate glaucoma patients, advanced glaucoma patients and healthy controls.

<p>BDNF = brain derived neurotrophic factor. * = p<0.05 for the post-hoc comparisons of each glaucoma severity subgroup and healthy controls.</p

number of patients under ocular hypotensive treatments and systemic treatments in the whole study population.

<p>number of patients under ocular hypotensive treatments and systemic treatments in the whole study population.</p

Comparison of NGF serum levels between early glaucoma patients, moderate glaucoma patients, advanced glaucoma patients and healthy controls.

<p>NGF = nerve growth factor. * = p<0.05 for the post-hoc comparisons of each glaucoma severity subgroup and healthy controls.</p

Polarimetric interferometry images of the cornea obtained during acquisition and after software elaboration.

<p>Frames of the acquired raw sequence of a single representative subject (A and B) showing the corneal cross-shaped pattern (A) and the hyperbolic-shaped pattern (B) of the interference figures. The entire sequence of at least 80 images was used to calculate a background illumination image (C). The aforementioned frames were reproduced after subtraction of background luminance and threshold filtering (D, E). A final summary static image (SUM image) was then calculated by further post-processing of the entire sequence and indicates areas where light does not change its polarization during the acquisition (F).</p

Demographic characteristics of study population and results of ANOVA analysis to compare each glaucoma severity subgroups and healthy controls.

<p>Demographic characteristics of study population and results of ANOVA analysis to compare each glaucoma severity subgroups and healthy controls.</p

Corneal isochromatic interference figures in polarimetric interferometry enhanced after subtraction of background image.

<p>Colored image showing the peripheral corneal isochromes, with a rounded square morphology. The matching changes of colour bands of the 1^st through 3^rd order of the Michel-Levy colour sequence are shown in the colour overlay.</p

Schematic representation.

<p>Principle of polarimetric interferometry of the corneal stroma. The incident light projected by the LED light source passes through the first polarized filter (B) and illuminates the cornea. The backscattered light after interaction with corneal tissue passes through the second cross-polarized filter (A) and is captured by the detector camera.</p

Corneal polarimetric interferometry of type A pattern.

<p>Frames of representative raw sequence (A-E) in a case in which the isogyre maintains its corneal cross-shaped pattern with the rotating scan of the LCP. (F) The final summary static image (SUM image) is characterized by a single “pear shaped” dark area with the major axis along the horizontal meridians. Peripheral isochromes are visible on individual photograms.</p

Enantiomorphism phenomenon in corneal polarimetric interferometry.

<p>Summary images that illustrate corneal interference pattern enantiomorphism of the right eye (RE) and left eye (LE) of two representative patients. (A, B) “Pear shaped” uniaxial pattern (type B). (C, D) Double asymmetric peripheral pattern (type A): note that the interference patterns present nasal-inferior shift between + 15°and—15° (respectively for the right and left eye) with respect to the horizontal meridian (0°–180°).</p