Normative data for Lezak's Tinkertoy test in healthy Italian adults

The Tinkertoy test is a tool for the neuropsychological assessment of executive functions and a predictor of employability. Originally a children's toy comprising pieces to assemble freely, the TinkerToy Test examines organizational abilities, planning, and response flexibility. It allows subjects to use their own initiative and does not force them to choose from a series of predetermined alternatives. Tinkertoy test normative values were collected from 256 neurologically healthy Italian subjects. Multivariable analysis showed sex and education to have significant confounding effects. Adjusted and inferential cut-off points were determined and converted into equivalent scores, applying a distribution-free technique

The association between tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and metastatic course in neuroendocrine neoplasms.

A moderate lymphocytic infiltration was found in about 25% of these well-differentiated neoplasms, all of which had no distant metastases to liver or pulmonary hilar lymph nodes during a follow-up period >10 years; mild or absent lymphocytic infiltrates have been observed in those cases with metastatic spread, discovered synchronously or after follow-up of 10 years (P < .05)

Unilateral enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome and bilateral endolymphatic hydrops

Enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) syndrome is a common congenital inner ear malformation characterized by a vestibular aqueduct with a diameter larger than 1.5 mm, mixed or sensorineural hearing loss that ranges from mild to profound, and vestibular disorders that may be present with a range from mild imbalance to episodic objective vertigo. In our study, we present the case of a patient with unilateral enlarged vestibular aqueduct and bilateral endolymphatic hydrops (EH). EH was confirmed through anamnestic history and audiological exams; EVA was diagnosed using high-resolution CT scans and MRI images. Therapy included intratympanic infusion of corticosteroids with a significant hearing improvement, more evident in the ear contralateral to EVA. Although most probably unrelated, EVA and EH may present with similar symptoms and therefore the diagnostic workup should always include the proper steps to perform a correct diagnosis. Association between progression of hearing loss and head trauma in patients with a diagnosis of EVA syndrome is still uncertain; however, these individuals should be advised to avoid activities that increase intracranial pressure to prevent further hearing deterioration. Intratympanic treatment with steroids is a safe and well-tolerated procedure that has demonstrated its efficacy in hearing, tinnitus, and vertigo control in EH

Structure-activity exploration of a small-molecule allosteric inhibitor of T790M/L858R double mutant EGFR

EGFR is a protein kinase whose aberrant activity is frequently involved in the development of non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) drug resistant forms. The allosteric inhibition of this enzyme is currently one among the most attractive approaches to design and develop anticancer drugs. In a previous study, we reported the identification of a hit compound acting as type III allosteric inhibitor of the L858R/T790M double mutant EGFR. Herein, we report the design, synthesis and in vitro testing of a series of analogues of the previously identified hit with the aim of exploring the structure-activity relationships (SAR) around this scaffold. The performed analyses allowed us to identify two compounds 15 and 18 showing improved inhibition of double mutant EGFR with respect to the original hit, as well as interesting antiproliferative activity against H1975 NSCLC cancer cells expressing double mutant EGFR. The newly discovered compounds represent promising starting points for further hit-to-lead optimisation

Correction: Quantum error correction with molecular spin qudits

Correction for 'Quantum error correction with molecular spin qudits' by Mario Chizzini et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CP01228F

Lymph Node Thyroglobulin Measurement in Diagnosis of Neck Metastases of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma

Aim. Enlarged cervical lymph nodes (LNs) in patients with thyroid cancer are usually assessed by fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Thyroglobulin (Tg) is frequently elevated in malignant FNAC needle wash specimens (FNAC-Tg). The objectives of the study were to (1) determine an appropriate diagnostic cut-off for FNAC-Tg levels (2) compare FNAC and FNAC-Tg results in a group of 108 patients affected by differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Methods. A total of 126 consecutive FNACs were performed on enlarged LNs and the final diagnosis was confirmed by surgical pathology examination or clinical follow-up. The best FNAC-Tg cut-off level was selected by receiver operating curve analysis, and diagnostic performances of FNAC and FNAC-Tg were compared. Results. The rate of FNAC samples adequate for cytological examination was 77% in contrast FNAC-Tg available in 100% of aspirates (<.01). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of FNAC were 71%, 80%, 74%, 100%, 80%, and 94%, respectively. The most appropriate cut-off value for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer metastatic LN was 1.1 ng/mL (sensitivity 100%, specificity 100%). Conclusions. The diagnostic performance of needle washout FNAC-Tg measurement with a cut-off of 1.1 ng/mL compared favorably with cytology in detecting DTC node metastases

Influenza del vento sulla composizione delle uve

La rilevanza del vento come fattore chiave del terroir, in grado di influenzare la composizione delle uve e del vino, è stata sorprendentemente trascurata. Il lavoro di Tesi ha studiato, per la prima volta, l’influenza del vento sulla composizione delle bacche discutendone i possibili meccanismi d’azione sulla composizione aminoacidica e le conseguenti implicazioni enologiche. È stato valutato l’effetto su viti, della cv Sangiovese, del vento artificiale e della riduzione del vento rispetto un controllo caratterizzato dal vento naturale. Le prove sono state condotte in un vigneto situato a Pesaro a pochi chilometri dal Mare Adriatico, nel quale è stata effettuata una caratterizzazione dei venti e delle brezze. Sulle viti sono stati analizzati i parametri produttivi mentre sulle bacche campionate sono state effettuate le analisi dei principali parametri tecnologici e dei composti azotati (aminoacidi, ammine e ammonio). Le viti sottoposte al vento artificiale hanno manifestato un aumento della concentrazione dei composti azotati totali (aminoacidi e ammonio) rispetto al controllo. In particolare, i cambiamenti hanno coinvolto la concentrazione degli aminoacidi essenziali: lisina, treonina, triptofano, valina, leucina, isoleucina importanti per la loro implicazione nei processi fisiologici. Sulla base dei risultati ottenuti con il lavoro di Tesi e delle informazioni riportate in bibliografia è stato proposto un modello che illustra la possibile azione del vento sulla traslocazione di aminoacidi verso i grappoli. Il vento, oltre al noto effetto positivo sul microclima, ha prodotto un’incredibile influenza sulle bacche con rilevanti implicazioni agronomiche ed enologiche, quest’ultime correlate positivamente al processo fermentativo, alla possibilità di ridurre l’utilizzo di coadiuvanti enologici ed alla qualità dei vini ottenuti

Fault-Tolerant Computing with Single Qudit Encoding

We present a general approach for the Fault Tolerant implementation of stabilizer codes with a logical qubit encoded into a single multi-level qudit, preventing the explosion of resources of multi-qubit codes. The proposed scheme allows for correction and universal quantum computation. We demonstrate its effectiveness by simulations on molecular spin qudits, finding an almost exponential suppression of logical errors with the qudit size. The resulting performance on a small qudit is remarkable when compared to qubit codes using thousands of units

Detection of ground movements in Montjuïc (Barcelona) using TerraSAR-X data

In this study, 28 StripMap TerraSAR-X images were processed using a Persistent Scatterer Interferometry technique in order to detect and analyze superficial deformation phenomena affecting the hill of Montjuic in Barcelona between December 2007 and November 2009. The results show significant displacement values in two main areas affected by different types of superficial displacements, specifically compaction in a former quarry refill and sliding processes. Displacement values of up to 12 mm/ year along the line of sight of the satellite were detected in the area near the Perez de Rozas baseball stadium whereas values of up to 7 mm/year were found in the vicinity of Costa i Llobera gardens. For each deformation area, high resolution deformation velocity data were analyzed and integrated with historical images and field data to interpret the detected phenomena