Full-Color Micro-LED Devices Based on Quantum Dots

Quantum dots (QDs) show remarkable optical and electrical characteristics. They offer the advantage of combining micro-LEDs (μLEDs) for full-color display devices due to their exceptional features. In addition, μLED used in conjunction with QDs as color-conversion layers also provide efficient white LEDs for high-speed visible light communication (VLC). In this article, we comprehensively review recent progress in QD-based μLED devices. It includes the research status of various QDs and white LEDs based on QDs’ color conversion layers. The fabrication of QD-based high-resolution full-color μLEDs is also discussed. Including charge-assisted layer-by-layer (LbL), aerosol jet printing, and super inkjet printing methods to fabricate QD-based μLEDs. The use of quantum dot photoresist in combination with semipolar μLEDs is also described. Finally, we discuss the research of QD-based μLEDs for visible light communication

The odontoblastic differentiation of dental mesenchymal stem cells: molecular regulation mechanism and related genetic syndromes

Dental mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells that can differentiate into multiple lineages including odontoblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, neural cells, myocytes, cardiomyocytes, adipocytes, endothelial cells, melanocytes, and hepatocytes. Odontoblastic differentiation of DMSCs is pivotal in dentinogenesis, a delicate and dynamic process regulated at the molecular level by signaling pathways, transcription factors, and posttranscriptional and epigenetic regulation. Mutations or dysregulation of related genes may contribute to genetic diseases with dentin defects caused by impaired odontoblastic differentiation, including tricho-dento-osseous (TDO) syndrome, X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH), Raine syndrome (RS), hypophosphatasia (HPP), Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD), and Elsahy-Waters syndrome (EWS). Herein, recent progress in the molecular regulation of the odontoblastic differentiation of DMSCs is summarized. In addition, genetic syndromes associated with disorders of odontoblastic differentiation of DMSCs are discussed. An improved understanding of the molecular regulation and related genetic syndromes may help clinicians better understand the etiology and pathogenesis of dentin lesions in systematic diseases and identify novel treatment targets

Genetic Evidence for the Association between the Early Growth Response 3 (EGR3) Gene and Schizophrenia

Recently, two genome scan meta-analysis studies have found strong evidence for the association of loci on chromosome 8p with schizophrenia. The early growth response 3 (EGR3) gene located in chromosome 8p21.3 was also found to be involved in the etiology of schizophrenia. However, subsequent studies failed to replicate this finding. To investigate the genetic role of EGR3 in Chinese patients, we genotyped four SNPs (average interval ∼2.3 kb) in the chromosome region of EGR3 in 470 Chinese schizophrenia patients and 480 healthy control subjects. The SNP rs35201266 (located in intron 1 of EGR3) showed significant differences between cases and controls in both genotype frequency distribution (P = 0.016) and allele frequency distribution (P = 0.009). Analysis of the haplotype rs35201266-rs3750192 provided significant evidence for association with schizophrenia (P = 0.0012); a significant difference was found for the common haplotype AG (P = 0.0005). Furthermore, significant associations were also found in several other two-, and three-SNP tests of haplotype analyses. The meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant association between rs35201266 and schizophrenia (P = 0.0001). In summary, our study supports the association of EGR3 with schizophrenia in our Han Chinese sample, and further functional exploration of the EGR3 gene will contribute to the molecular basis for the complex network underlying schizophrenia pathogenesis

Genomewide meta-analysis identifies loci associated with IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels with impact on age-related traits

The growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis can be manipulated in animal models to promote longevity, and IGF-related proteins including IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) have also been implicated in risk of human diseases including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Throug

Analysis of full resonance characteristics of underground magnetic coupling wireless power transfer system

When the magnetic coupling wireless power transfer (MC-WPT) system is used for power supply underground, if the system parameters are not properly configured, the input impedance of the system will show non pure resistance, which will cause the system detuning and affect the power supply efficiency of underground power equipment. When the series compensation (S) is used in the secondary side of MC WPT system, it is easy to realize resonance. However, when the parallel compensation (P) is used in the secondary side, the existing research is based on the fact that the system only resonates at the primary side and the system does not fully resonate due to the non-resonance at the secondary side. In order to solve the above problems, a full resonance compensation method for magnetic coupling wireless power transfer (MC-WPT) system is proposed. In this paper, SP-type, PP-type, LCC-P type and LCL-P type compensation topologies are taken as the research object of the secondary side parallel MC-WPT system. The parameter constraint relation of the system in full resonance state is obtained by using impedance analysis method. The simulation comparison between the traditional compensation method and the full resonance compensation method is carry out by using Matlab/Simulink. The results show that the output power of SP type, PP type and LCL-P type compensation topology under the full resonance compensation method is greater than that under the traditional compensation method, and the output power of the LCC-P type compensation topology is less than that under the traditional compensation method. In the full resonance compensation method, the efficiency of SP-type and PP-type topology is not much different from that under the traditional compensation method, the LCC-P-type topology efficiency is much higher than that under the traditional compensation method, and the LCL-P-type topology efficiency is slightly lower than that under the traditional compensation method. In the full resonance method, the system does not need to provide reactive power, and the apparent power is equal to the given output power. In the full resonance compensation method, the SP topology is more suitable for underground coal mines, which is not affected by the change of mutual inductance, but is greatly affected by the resistance load. In order to solve the problem that the resonant frequency of SP Type MC WPT system is affected by the resistance load and the resistance load has a lower limit value under the full resonance compensation method, a DC-DC converter is used to combine impedance matching with active power factor correction. Therefore, the equivalent impedance of the input side of the rectifier bridge of the system is always equal to the corresponding resistance value of the preset resonant frequency. At the same time, it also ensures that the system rectifier bridge input current is in phase with the voltage, reducing the impact of the DC-DC converter introduction on the system impedance. The SP MC WPT system is taken as the experimental object for verification. The results show that the SP-type MC-WPT system can be free from the constraints of the resistance load in the full resonance compensation optimization method, the system is not affected by the mutual inductance and load changes, and is stable in the full resonance method, which improves the output power and output efficiency

Listening to 15 Hz Binaural Beats Enhances the Connectivity of Functional Brain Networks in the Mental Fatigue State—An EEG Study

Introduction: It is clear that mental fatigue can have many negative impacts on individuals, such as impairing cognitive function or affecting performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of sound interventions in combating mental fatigue. Method: The subjects were assessed on various scales, a psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) task, and a 3 min resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG), followed by a 20 min mental fatigue–inducing task (Time Load Dual Back, TloadDback), during which subjects in different condition groups listened to either 15 Hz binaural beats, 40 Hz binaural beats, relaxing music, or a 240 Hz pure tone. After the mental fatigue–inducing task, subjects were again assessed on various scales, a PVT task, and a 3 min resting-state EEG. Results: After the fatigue-inducing task, there was no significant difference between the four groups on the scales or the PVT task performance. In TloadDback, the accuracy rate of the 40 Hz binaural beats group and the relaxing music group decreased in the middle stage of the task, while the 15 Hz binaural beats group and the 240 Hz pure tone group remained unchanged in all stages of the task. The EEG results showed that after fatigue inducement, the average path length of the 15 Hz binaural beats group decreased, and local efficiency showed an increasing tendency, indicating enhanced brain network connectivity. Meanwhile, the 240 Hz pure tone group showed enhanced functional connectivity, suggesting a state of mental fatigue in the group. Conclusions: The results of this study show that listening to 15 Hz binaural beats is a proven intervention for mental fatigue that can contribute to maintaining working memory function, enhancing brain topological structure, and alleviating the decline in brain function that occurs in a mentally fatigued state. As such, these results are of great scientific and practical value

One-pot Synthesis of High Value-added Chemicals from Furfural over Bimetal-doped Beta Zeolite and Carbon Solid Acid Catalysts

A series of bimetal-doped beta zeolites were prepared via a simple post-synthesis strategy including dealumination and metal ion incorporation. The incorporation of ferromagnetic metals into lattice sites of Sn-beta was evidenced by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The high reduction temperature (1094 K) of cobalt in Co-Sn-beta zeolite, as determined by temperature programmed reduction (TPR), confirms that Co interacts strongly with the zeolite support, consistent with lattice tetrahedral (Td) coordination. Co-doped Sn-beta zeolite was found to be a promising Lewis acid catalyst together with a carbon solid acid for the conversion of furfural to isopropyl 4-oxovalerate (i-PL) and y-valerolactone (GVL). The highest total yield of 92.02% was obtained after reaction for 16 h at 160 degrees C, including 48.3% i-PL, 37.7% GVL, and 6.0% levulinic acid (LA). The catalysts could also be applied as robust catalysts in glucose conversion to 5-hydromethylfurfural. Zeolite catalysts designed and prepared by this strategy contain multiple metals, enhancing their flexibility and adjustability of function via changing the species and ratio of metals to derive optimized catalysts for specific reactions

Crohn′s disease in a child with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: a case report and literature review

Objective: To investigate the clinical features, endoscopic manifestations, and genetic characteristics of a child with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome(WAS) and Crohn′s disease, so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis. Methods: The clinical manifestations, biological indicators, endoscopic characters, therapy, and follow-up of a child with Crohn′s disease combined with WAS were analyzed retrospectively. And literature was searched from PubMed, Wanfang Data, and CNKI. Results: A 6-year-old boy had recurrent abdominal pain, hematochezia for one month, and had perianal abscess for about half a month. He also had thrombocytopenia since infancy. Complete blood cell count showed moderate anemia (Hb 70 g/L) and decreased platelets (77×109/L). The boy had elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (71 mm/h) and fecal calprotectin (>1 800 μg/g). Colonoscopy showed multiple ulcers in colon and the pathological examination revealed chronic inflammation in mucosa of the terminal ileum and colon, some of which were accompanied by microabscess and crypt abscesses. The child was diagnosed with Crohn's disease. A splicing mutation (c.777+3_777+6 del GAGT) was identified in the exon 8 of WAS gene by next-generation sequencing. Consequently, the child was definitely diagnosed as WAS combined with Crohn′s disease. There were 9 relevant articles, showing that all 16 patients had childhood-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (1 day to 14.9 years old), and 10 of them were accompanied by thrombocytopenia. Various treatments, including drugs, surgery, and bone marrow transplantation were required. Seven patients were followed up, and three of them died. Conclusions: For children with IBD, particularly those with very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease, the possibility of monogenic diseases should be taken into account. If a male child with IBD have thrombocytopenia since childhood, the WAS gene should be detected

Effect of Angle, Temperature and Vacancy Defects on Mechanical Properties of PSI-Graphene

The PSI-graphene, a two-dimensional structure, was a novel carbon allotrope. In this paper, based on molecular dynamics simulation, the effects of stretching direction, temperature and vacancy defects on the mechanical properties of PSI-graphene were studied. We found that when PSI-graphene was stretched along 0° and 90° at 300 K, the ultimate strength reached a maximum of about 65 GPa. And when stretched along 54.2° and 155.2° at 300 K, the Young’s modulus had peaks, which were 1105 GPa and 2082 GPa, respectively. In addition, when the temperature was raised from 300 K to 900 K, the ultimate strength in all directions was reduced. The fracture morphology of PSI-graphene stretched at different angles was also shown in the text. In addition, the number of points removed from PSI-graphene sheet also seriously affected the tensile properties of the material. It was found that, compared with graphene, PSI-graphene didn’t have the negative Poisson’s ratio phenomenon when it was stretched along the direction of 0°, 11.2°, 24.8° and 34.7°. Our results provided a reference for studying the multi-angle stretching of other carbon structures at various temperatures