(Z)-4-[(2-Amino­anilino)(phen­yl)methyl­idene]-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5(4H)-one

The mol­ecule of the title compound, C23H20N4O, assumes a non-planar conformation in which the pyrazolone ring forms dihedral angles of 10.33 (11), 65.34 (11) and 63.52 (10)° with the three benzene rings. In the crystal, the mol­ecules are linked by inter­molecular N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, generating chains parallel to the b axis. The secondary amino group is involved in an intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond

2-{[2-(2-Hy­droxy-3-meth­oxy­benzyl­idene)hydrazin-1-yl­idene]meth­yl}-6-meth­oxy­phenol

The title compound, C16H16N2O4, was obtained from the reaction of hydrazine hydrate and o-vanilin in absolute ethanol. The mol­ecule is almost planar (except for the methyl H atoms), with a mean deviation from the plane of 0.0259 Å. The mol­ecular structure also exhibits an approximate non-crystallographic twofold axis. Intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds occur. In the crystal, inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate mol­ecular zigzag sheets. The sheets stack through C—H⋯π inter­actions, leading to a three-dimensional-network

Effects of experimental parameters on elemental analysis of coal by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

The purpose of this work is to improve the precision of the elemental analysis of coal using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The LIBS technique has the ability to allow simultaneous elemental analysis and on-line determination, so it could be used in the elemental analysis of coal. Organic components such as C, H, O, N and inorganic components such as Ca, Mg, Fe, Al, Si, Ti, Na, and K of coal have been identified. The precision of the LIBS technique depends strongly on the experimental conditions, and the choice of experimental parameters should be aimed at optimizing the repeatability of the measurements. The dependences of the relative standard deviation (RSD) of the LIBS measurements on the experimental parameters including the sample preparation parameters, lens-to-sample distance, sample operation mode, and ambient gas have been investigated. The results indicate that the precision of LIBS measurements for the coal sample can be improved by using the optimum experimental parameters

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

{6,6′-Dimethoxy-2,2′-[cyclohexane-1,2-diylbis(nitrilomethanylylidene)]diphenolato}copper(II) monohydrate

In the title compound, [Cu(C22H24N2O4)]·H2O, the CuII atom is four-coordinated in a distorted planar geometry with a mean deviation of 0.1164 (2) Å for the plane generated by the ligating atoms of the salen-type Schiff base ligand. In the crystal, O(water)—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds form a three-dimensional-network

Deficit drip irrigation improves kiwifruit quality and water productivity under rain-shelter cultivation in the humid area of South China

Comprehending crop responses to water deficit at different growth stages is crucial for developing effective irrigation strategies. Different water deficit treatments (WDTs) were applied to the kiwifruit vines to investigate the effect of water deficit during different growth stages on the fruit quality, yield, and water productivity (WP); subsequently, the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution method (TOPSIS) was employed to determine optimal treatments for kiwifruit cultivation. A total of 17 irrigation treatments were applied, including one control treatment (CTL, full irrigation) and four WDTs (denoted as D15%, D25%, D35%, and D45% respectively) during the bud burst to leafing (I), flowering to fruit set (II), fruit expansion (III), and fruit maturation (IV) stages. Results showed that WDTs during I, II, III, and IV decreased evapotranspiration (ET) over the whole growth period of kiwifruit vines by 1.2–3.8, 1.5–4.4, 4.7–14.3, and 6.9–21.3% compared with CTL, respectively. WDTs during stages I and II increased fruit volume (Vf) and fruit weight (FW), while exhibiting no significant impact on yield, WP, and chemical quality of kiwifruit. WDTs during stage III improved fruit firmness (Fn), total soluble solids (TSS), and titratable acidity (TA); however, it also caused severe reduction in Vf, FW, yield, and WP. Appropriate WDTs during stage IV significantly improved Fn, TSS, TA, vitamin C (Vc), and WP without compromising Vf, FW, and yield of kiwifruit. The IV-D25% treatment was determined to be the optimal treatment for improving fruit quality and WP of kiwifruit while maintaining yield, which increased TSS, TA, Vc, and WP by 9.1, 6.1, 19.2, 4.6%, respectively; the combination of D25%, D25%, full irrigation, and D25% treatments during stages I, II, III, and IV should be a viable irrigation strategy to simultaneously achieve high yield, quality, and WP of kiwifruit