\u27Social drivers\u27 as predictors of yoghurt consumption in China

A survey of yoghurt consumption by female consumers in Beijing showed 42% consuming often, 26% occasionally and 32% never. Consumers were generally younger and more driven by materialistic values than non-consumers. &quot;Social drivers&quot; are presented as a 1001 for marketers to predict the use of consumerproducts.<br /

Realising Lead-Oriented Synthesis- A ‘Top-Down’ Approach to Synthesising Lead-Like Scaffolds

This report focusses on the concept of lead-oriented synthesis in an attempt to synthesise diverse small molecule scaffolds that target lead-like chemical space. The ‘top-down’ approach was taken, which is a method used within the Marsden and Nelson group where polycyclic assemblies are prepared and then deconstructed to give a library of diverse lead-like molecules. Each lead-like scaffold was synthesised with good stereo/regio control, on a large scale from cheap starting materials, with appropriate molecular properties. Each compound was then investigated for its diversification at points of the scaffold, in the possibility of providing access to a variety of novel-like, sp3-riched compounds suitable for screening. The computational software LLAMA was used throughout the project to help analyse properties and guide the development of three-dimensional compounds. Chapter 1 discusses the overview of the drug discovery process, detailing the problems faced in the pharmaceutical industry, highlighting the high failure rates for drug candidates possessing certain molecular properties. The ideal molecular properties for drug, leads and fragment compounds is discussed, with the modern synthetic approaches to prepare such lead diverse screening compounds in an efficient manner. Chapter 2 – 4 details the synthesis of diverse novel scaffolds prepared from robust synthetic methodologies to access a library of compounds with appropriate molecular properties for biological screening. In total 14 scaffolds were synthesised from 28 synthetic operations and 52 novel compounds from a total of 73 synthetic operations. Here the method has produced a library of complex and highly three-dimensional compounds with attention paid to physicochemical and functional group properties, whilst maintaining synthetic efficiency. The library was sent for biological evaluation against five different targets, of which 15 hits were observed. A follow-up library was then produced where 13 compounds were sent for a second round of biological evaluation against the Plasmodium falciparum cells

Make a foreigner of yourself: an analysis of the dueling critical utopias of The Dispossessed and Trouble on Triton

The purpose of this project is to analyze the critical utopias of two sci-fi novels: The Dispossessed: An Ambiguous Utopia (1974) by Ursula K. Le Guin and Trouble on Triton: An Ambiguous Heterotopia (1976) by Samuel R. Delany. Both novels were published within two years of each other, with Delany rewriting his novel to intentionally put it into direct dialogue with Le Guin’s. This project will attempt to establish the landscape of utopian fiction, draw out this dialogue between these two grandmasters of the science fiction genre, and answer this question: “As a result of Delany positioning his novel in this way, what contrasts and overlaps occur between these two authors’ view of an improved society?” This will be accomplished by examining the concepts of utopia, dystopia, and critical utopia; the backgrounds of the authors themselves; the utopian worlds they constructed; and, finally, showing where Le Guin and Delany’s worlds were in agreement and where they were in conflict

Debugging: The Key to Unlocking the Mind of a Novice Programmer?

Novice programmers must master two skills to show lasting success: writing code and, when that fails, the ability to debug it. Instructors spend much time teaching the details of writing code but debugging gets significantly less attention. But what if teaching debugging could implicitly teach other aspects of coding better than teaching a language teaching debugging? This paper explores a new theoretical framework, the Theory of Applied Mind for Programming (TAMP), which merges dual process theory with Jerome Bruner’s theory of representations to model the mind of a programmer. TAMP looks to provide greater explanatory power in why novices struggle and suggest pedagogy to bridge gaps in learning. This paper will provide an example of this by reinterpreting debugging literature using TAMP as a theoretical guide. Incorporating new view theoretical viewpoints from old studies suggests a “debugging-first” pedagogy can supplement existing methods of teaching programming and perhaps fill some of the mental gaps TAMP suggests hamper novice programmers

Social drivers as predictors of yoghurt consumption in China

A survey of yoghurt consumption by female consumers in Beijing showed 42% consuming often, 26% occasionally and 32% never. Consumers were generally younger and more driven by materialistic values than non-consumers. Social drivers are presented as a 1001 for marketers to predict the use of consumer products

Substitution of antibodies and receptors with molecularly imprinted polymers in enzyme-linked and fluorescent assays

A new technique for coating microtitre plates with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP), specific for low-molecular weight analytes (epinephrine, atrazine) and proteins is presented. Oxidative polymerization was performed in the presence of template; monomers: 3-aminophenylboronic acid, 3- thiopheneboronic acid and aniline were polymerized in water and the polymers were grafted onto the polystyrene surface of the microplates. It was found that this process results in the creation of synthetic materials with antibody-like binding properties. It was shown that the MIP-coated microplates are particularly useful for assay development. The high stability of the polymers and good reproducibility of the measurements make MIP coating an attractive alternative to conventional antibodies or receptors used in ELISA

Does exercise have a role in the management of gestational diabetes mellitus?

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with a marked increase in the long-term risk of type 2 diabetes and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Engaging in vigorous recreational physical activity prior to and during pregnancy significantly reduces the risk of developing GDM. In contrast, evidence of a therapeutic effect from participation in a structured exercise training regimen, although promising, is limited and requires further more substantial investigation. This paper briefly reviews the pathophysiology of GDM, the evidence related to physical activity participation and exercise regimen intervention on GDM, and the clinical considerations required for prescribing exercise. Key Words: gestational diabetes mellitus • exercise • physical activity • pregnancy • type 2 diabete

Social and cultural influences on students' responses to Science in a Solomon Islands secondary school.

In this examination of social and cultural influences on a\ud range of responses to school science in a Solomon Island\ud secondary school, three levels of analysis are used. At one\ud level there is a comparison between students within the\ud school, looking for effects from personal background\ud characteristics. This is the dominant level of analysis of\ud school science achievement, first through statistical\ud correlation, but then through an attempt to understand how\ud the experiences associated with the characteristics found to\ud be significant may exert an effect. Two effective mechanisms\ud are examined: the promotion of a relevant cognitive skill,\ud and the generation of attitudes.\ud The examination of attitudes also makes use of the second\ud level of analysis: comparison between observations with\ud these Solomon Island students and observations made\ud elsewhere by other workers. This level of analysis also\ud dominates the investigation of the development of selected\ud scientific concepts among the students.\ud The third level involves a comparison between students in\ud the school concerned and those in other schools in the\ud country. Difficulties with obtaining data from other schools\ud leave this as the least used level of comparison in the\ud thesis. An examination of the position of science in the students'\ud worldview fits into none of these levels, being largely\ud descriptive, not comparative. The position of science\ud relative to other sources of interpretations of the world is\ud the major concern of this section.\ud Gender and rural/urban background are found to be the major\ud sources of differences in response between the students. It\ud is suggested that, even where these characteristics can be\ud shown to be associated with cognitive differences,\ud explanations of their effect are most usefully sought in\ud terms of experiences, opportunities and expectations that\ud are social and cultural in origin.\ud In the area of conceptualisations of physical phenomena,\ud similarities and differences are found between these Solomon\ud Island students and those from other cultures, suggesting\ud that such conceptualisations are determined partly through a\ud common human physiology responding to a common physical\ud world, and partly through the influence of culturally\ud available sources of interpretation