Analysing Recent Socioeconomic Trends in Coronary Heart Disease Mortality in England, 2000–2007: A Population Modelling Study

A modeling study conducted by Madhavi Bajekal and colleagues estimates the extent to which specific risk factors and changes in uptake of treatment contributed to the declines in coronary heart disease mortality in England between 2000 and 2007, across and within socioeconomic groups

Common variants in WFS1 confer risk of type 2 diabetes

We studied genes involved in pancreatic beta cell function and survival, identifying associations between SNPs in WFS1 and diabetes risk in UK populations that we replicated in an Ashkenazi population and in additional UK studies. In a pooled analysis comprising 9,533 cases and 11,389 controls, SNPs in WFS1 were strongly associated with diabetes risk. Rare mutations in WFS1 cause Wolfram syndrome; using a gene-centric approach, we show that variation in WFS1 also predisposes to common type 2 diabetes

Persistent socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular risk factors in England over 1994-2008: a time-trend analysis of repeated cross-sectional data

Our aims were to determine the pace of change in cardiovascular risk factors by age, gender and socioeconomic groups from 1994 to 2008, and quantify the magnitude, direction and change in absolute and relative inequalities

The hagiographers of early England and the impossible humility of the saints

The concepts of humility and self-abnegation are deeply alien to contemporary society, mired as it is in the narcissism of a life lived-out on the public stage of social media, and as states of mind they are fairly unfamiliar within academe now too, which is driven by a need to trumpet ones importance or originality in order to get ahead. The religious framework within which these qualities sat self-evidently for medieval writers and readers has also become a foreign country to most modern audiences. This article proposes a look at how the presentation of saintly humility by Latin hagiographers writing in England about the saints of England, in the tenth and eleventh centuries in particular, can surprise, even baffle, or seem contradictory to us now. But were they not just following convention, painting the saints this way? Did they present the humility of women differently from that of men? The enquiry will focus in part on the final book of the Liber Confortatorius by Goscelin of Saint-Bertin, eleventh-century England’s most prolific hagiographer, in which, addressing his former pupil turned anchoress, Eve, he offered extensive advice on how we ‘vessels of clay’ (lutea uasa) can only rise through humility

‘But what Polybius the Greek physician says is more correct’: sources of knowledge in the glosses to Boethius’ Consolation of Philosophy at tenth-century Canterbury

Several densely-glossed copies of Boethius’s Consolation of Philosophy survive from tenth- and early eleventh-century Canterbury and associated centres, which give the impression of intense activity. Such annotation is, of course, a relatively late stage in a long process of accumulation. With the advantage of an overview of all known glosses to the Consolation in surviving manuscripts up to 1100, one can begin to sift out layers and to see the outline of new material as opposed to earlier glossing that travelled with the main text. This paper will seek to answer two questions in relation to these frenetically-glossed books from England: first whether they can tell us anything about the specific interests of, and other texts known to, their late tenth-century creators and users. Secondly, what balance can one see between careful selection and the relentless, even seemingly mindless, accumulation of glosses, which begins to obscure meaning rather than revealing it?Leverhulme Trus

B. and the Vita Harlindis et Renulae

The SUNY Press volume Holy Men and Holy Women which Paul edited in 1996 was crucial for showing the way with its dual focus on the materiality of hagiographical texts and their intertextuality, and so it was a great privilege fifteen or so years later to contribute to the 2013 collection of essays that came out of one Paul’s wonderful NEH Summer Seminars, that is, Writing Women Saints in Anglo-Saxon England. HMHW was important also for the equal footing on which it placed biographies of men and women: here I want to honour those values in Paul’s work, as well as his own generous support from an early stage in my career, by advancing a conjecture which would expand the oeuvre of a hagiographer from England, potentially giving us his earliest foray into the genre, writing about holy women. The hagiographer in question is known to us only by the first letter of his name, B., and was active during the second half of the tenth century. The holy women with whom I am going to try to connect B. are the sisters Harlindis (or Herlindis) and Renula (or Reinula, or Relindis), eighth-century founding abbesses of a monastery some sixty kilometres north-west of Liège, at Aldeneik, near Maaseik, where their relics became the focus of veneration, and for whom there exists a joint Vita (BHL 3755) which will be the focus of this article

The texts, transmission and circulation of some eleventh-century Anglo-Latin saints' lives

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