Effects of Morrow\u27s honeysuckle control and the impact of the shrub on invertebrates at Fort Necessity National Battlefield, Pennsylvania

Lonicera morrowii (Morrow\u27s honeysuckle) dominates a degraded meadow at Fort Necessity National Battlefield, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. We tested four removal methods of Morrow\u27s honeysuckle during spring and autumn 2004. Cut, stump application of 20% glyphosate, and mechanical removal in autumn were not successful (\u3c47% reduction), while mechanical removal in spring and foliar application of 2% glyphosate were somewhat successful (\u3e66% reduction). We used a modified leaf blower to sample invertebrates at our site. Invertebrate biomass was lowest within the native shrub, Viburnum recognitum (southern arrowwood) (p\u3c0.05). Biomass of larval leaf chewers was highest in the native shrub. Invertebrate abundance, biomass, and richness were reduced under dense thickets of Morrow\u27s honeysuckle (p\u3c0.05), due to low amount of herbaceous cover beneath the shrubs. The amount of leaf area consumed by herbivores was 10 times more on the native shrub. Overall, our findings reveal that the exotic shrubs negatively impact invertebrate communities

Recent Advances in the Deoxydehydration of Vicinal Diols and Polyols

Deoxydehydration (DODH) is one of the most promising tools to reduce the oxygen content of biomass (sugars and polyols) and provide analogues of platform chemicals that are derived from fossil resources. This reaction converts a vicinal diol into an alkene and is typically catalyzed by high-oxidation-state metal-oxo compounds in the presence of a stoichiometric reductant, with examples of both homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. This minireview will highlight the developments in this field over the past 5 years and focus on efforts to solve the problems that currently prevent DODH being performed on a commercial scale, including the nature of the reductant, substrate scope and selectivity, and catalyst recovery and expense

Controlling uranyl oxo group interactions to group 14 elements using polypyrrolic Schiff-base macrocyclic ligands

Heterodinuclear uranyl/group 14 complexes of the aryl- and anthracenyl-linked Schiff-base macrocyclic ligands LMe and LA were synthesised by reaction of UO2(H2L) with M{N(SiMe3)2}2 (M = Ge, Sn, Pb). For complexes of the anthracenyl-linked ligand (LA) the group 14 metal sits out of the N4-donor plane by up to 0.7 Å resulting in relatively short M⋯OUO distances which decrease down the group; however, the solid state structures and IR spectroscopic analyses suggest little interaction occurs between the oxo and group 14 metal. In contrast, the smaller aryl-linked ligand (LMe) enforces greater interaction between the metals; only the PbII complex was cleanly accessible although this complex was relatively unstable in the presence of HN(SiMe3)2 and some organic oxidants. In this case, the equatorial coordination of pyridine-N-oxide causes a 0.08 Å elongation of the endo UO bond and a clear interaction of the uranyl ion with the Pb(II) cation in the second donor compartment

Physical Therapy Interventions and Outcomes in a Patient with Transfemoral Amputation Following Sound Side Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case Report

Background: Following transfemoral amputation (TFA), contralateral limb overuse leads to osteoarthritis (OA). Explanations include gait abnormalities, increased knee load, and hopping activities without prosthesis. Unilateral TFA patients may require total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to improve function. Purpose: Determine benefits of standard physical therapy (PT) and augmented by high intensity, whole-body strengthening program. Case Description and Methods: Patient with TFA, limited community ambulator and left knee OA, underwent TKA to restore function. PT examinations, interventions, and outcomes at 1-week pre-TKA to 1-year post-TKA; outcomes measures were Single Leg Stance Test (SLST), Four Square Step Test (FSST), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), and Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT). Finding: Patient achieved functional independence, gait, lower extremity strength and active range of motion (AROM) goals. Outcomes and Conclusion: Outcomes in TUG and FSST equaled age and sex matched non-amputees. Standard TKA PT protocols contributed to patient success, while high intensity, whole-body strengthening program contributed to patient achievements

Roundtable: Does All Human-Rights Funding Use a Human Rights-based Approach?

In this session, presenters and attendees will discuss different dimensions of the question, Does All Human-Rights Funding Use a Human Rights-based Approach? In the U.S., grant strategies and decisions have historically been made by individuals and funders behind closed doors, with little transparency and accountability. Grant seekers, not to mention the public at large, have rarely had insight into how those decisions are made or any influence on the process. What criteria are they using? To whom are they accountable? And how do they make their decisions about what and who they are going to fund? Replacing traditional hierarchical models of funding, participatory grantmaking applies a human rights-based approach to how funding is determined and who makes the funding decisions. The emphasis is on the practice as well as on the impact of the funds. In this participatory panel presentation, moderated by a staff person from the International Human Rights Funders Group (IHRFG), panelists and audience will explore a range of models for transforming the relationship of social justice actors with funders