Chronological Age, Cognitive Ability, SCQ, ADOS-G and CFMT-C scores for children with autism and typically developing children.

<p>Notes. <b>^a</b>Non-verbal and Verbal IQ were each measured with two subtests of the WISC-IV (Wechsler, 2003); Non-verbal IQ = Matrix Reasoning and Picture Completion, Verbal IQ = Similarities and Vocabulary. ^bHigher scores on both the parent-report Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ); Rutter et al., 2003) and the ADOS-G (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule – Generic, Lord et al., 2000) indicate a greater degree of autistic symptomatology. Score reported = Communication+Social Interaction algorithm total (cutoffs: autism = 10, autism spectrum = 7). ^cn = 15 for the autism sample, n = 18 for the typical sample. ^dAccuracy (total correct) scores on the Cambridge Face Memory Test – for Children (maximum = 60).</p

Descriptive statistics for trustworthiness ratings of the 25% and 50% angry, neutral and happy faces for each group.

<p>Descriptive statistics for trustworthiness ratings of the 25% and 50% angry, neutral and happy faces for each group.</p

Expression recognition ability.

<p>Mean thresholds (SEM) for recognition of the angry (A) and happy (B) expressions for each group. Lower thresholds indicate greater sensitivity to the expression. Individual participants are shown.</p

Sample test and adapting stimuli used in the Standard and Attention-control attention condition of the adaptation task (exemplars from the Dan and Jim identity pair are shown here).

<p>The “Lip change” and “Eye change” versions of the anti-face were used in the change detection task in the Control attention condition.</p

Anger modulation of trust ratings.

<p>Mean difference (SEM) in trustworthiness ratings for angry and neutral expressions at 25% (A) and 50% (B) intensity for each group. Larger values indicate greater modulation of angry expressions on trust judgments and zero indicates no modulation. Individual participants are shown.</p

Descriptive statistics for age, cognitive ability and autism symptomatology measures.

a<p>Nonverbal and verbal IQ were measured with the WASI <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0097644#pone.0097644-Wechsler1" target="_blank">[65]</a>: Matrix Reasoning and Block Design (nonverbal IQ) and Similarities and Vocabulary (verbal IQ). Full-scale IQ (FSIQ) was derived by standardizing the sum of both verbal and performance ability scores against age-based norms.</p>b<p>Higher scores on both the SCQ <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0097644#pone.0097644-Rutter1" target="_blank">[38]</a> and ADOS-2 <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0097644#pone.0097644-Lord1" target="_blank">[40]</a> indicate a greater degree of autism symptomatology.</p>c<p>ADOS-2 score reported = Communication+Social Interaction algorithm total (cut-off = 7).</p>d<p>Accuracy (total percentage correct) on the Cambridge Face Memory Test - for Children <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0097644#pone.0097644-Pellicano1" target="_blank">[41]</a>.</p>e<p>Equal variances not assumed.</p>f<p>One-tailed independent samples t-test.</p

Aftereffects for participants in each group for the two attention conditions.

<p>The bold horizontal bars reflect the mean and standard error bars are shown.</p

An example of expression stimuli used in the trust rating task.

<p>A happy, neutral and angry expression at 25% intensity (A) and 50% intensity (B). The identity displayed here did not appear in the stimulus set.</p

Happy modulation of trust ratings.

<p>Mean difference (SEM) in trustworthiness ratings for happy and neutral expressions at 25% (A) and 50% (B) intensity for each group. Larger values indicate greater influence of happy expressions on trust judgments and zero indicates no modulation. Individual participants are shown.</p

Correlations between the influence of happy and angry expressions on trustworthiness judgments and autism symptom scores in the children with ASD.

<p>Correlations between the influence of happy and angry expressions on trustworthiness judgments and autism symptom scores in the children with ASD.</p