Predictors of malnutrition among Zahedan& rsquo s children age ranging from 2-5 years old in 2007-2008

چکیده: زمینه و هدف: ارزیابی دوره‌ای شاخص‌های تن سنجی یکی از مناسب ترین ابزارهای پایش وضعیت تغذیه کودکان در یک منطقه بوده و منبع اطلاعات خوبی به عنوان مرجع برای نظام مدیریت بخش سلامت کشور و شاخصی از عدالت در جامعه می‌باشد. هدف این مطالعه تعیین میزان شیوع هر کدام از شاخص های سوء تغذیه در کودکان 5-2 سال و پیشگویی کننده های آن می باشد. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی تعداد 1245 کودک 5-2 سال از 5 منطقه شهری شهر زاهدان به صورت چند مرحله ای انتخاب و بررسی شدند. اطلاعات با استفاده از پرونده ها و مصاحبه با مادر کودک جمع آوری شد. در این مطالعه سه شاخص وزن برای قد، قد برای سن و وزن برای سن به ترتیب به عنوان نمایه وضع تغذیه زمان حال یا لاغری، زمان گذشته یا کوتاه قدی و زمان حال و گذشته یا کم وزنی بر اساس 5/2-Z= مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. داده ها با استفاده از آزمون های t مستقل و مجذور کای و رگرسیون خطی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته‌ها: میزان شیوع لاغری، کوتاه قدی وکم وزنی به ترتیب 2/4، 6/7 و 4/3 برآورد شد. در تحلیل تک متغیره، لاغری با وزن هنگام تولد و فاصله تولد، کوتاه قدی با وزن هنگام تولد، تحصیلات مادر، شغل پدر، نوع تغذیه زیر یکسال، سابقه عفونت، فاصله تولد و سن مادر و کم وزنی نیز با جنس، وزن هنگام تولد، نوع تغذیه زیر یکسال، سابقه عفونت، فاصله تولد و سن مادر رابطه معنی داری نشان دادند (05/0

Enhancement of computer aided manufacturing systems using analytical curves

In curvilinear contour machining, it is important to reduce the contour error during milling. Contouring error is mainly attributed to unexpected changes in the material removal rate and the cutting force. Application of variable feed rates to achieve a constant material removal rate has been previously studied. However, these investigations are not sufficient to achieve a precise and error-free machining. It is necessary to consider possible tool deflections due to excessive machining forces. Moreover, the effect of changing direction on cutting forces is neglected in conventional methods. It is important to predict the cutting forces profile along the moving axes before machining. It helps determine if the forces required to produce the desired curvilinear motion are within the capabilities of the machine. A high-performance motion positioner is another major requirement for generation of curvilinear motion. Parallel mechanisms offer good candidates as positioners due to their high stiffness and low inertia which enables transmission of large forces. However, they may lead to motion error due to inherent limitation of driving motors, such as backlash motions. Frequent direction reversals and rapid changes in rotation speed of the driving motors result in undesired errors in the generated path. In this work, a novel dynamical model for generation of curvilinear paths is presented. The proposed model investigates the relationship between the forces of a machine tool and the feed rate to achieve constant cutting forces as well as a constant material removal rate. A new approach for predicting cutting forces for curvilinear machining is also established. This approach could predict the cutting forces along the moving driving axes of a machine tool for both constant and variable feed rates during machining curved geometries. Moreover, a three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism with unlimited rotational capability is fabricated. The fabricated mechanism is able to reach any point in any orientation within the singularity-free circular workspace. The system was used to verify a motion generation algorithm for producing smooth and backlash-free motions for complex geometrical paths including those with very sharp edges. The proposed algorithm does not require the driving motors to perform stop-reverse and high accelerated motions. This results in improved dynamic performance and reduced motion errors. Besides that, another algorithm for motion generation based on rotating coordinate system for exploiting the best performance of a manipulator was formulated. It was shown that the proposed method could improve the dynamic performance of the manipulator and reduce the undesired errors.DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (MAE

Presenting the executive model of good governance based on strategic communication in the Ministry of Cooperation, Labor and Social Welfare

Background and objective. There is currently a strong desire to understand the nature of governance to improve public sector performance, as governance is a critical necessity to help governments realize their development agendas. For example, in recent years in Iran, the approach of good governance has been mentioned as a necessity for economic development in the country.Methodology/approach. The current research is an mixed method study. In the qualitative part, 11 experts familiar with the subject were interviewed to reach theoretical saturation. In the quantitative section, the views of 70 managers and experts of the Ministry of Cooperation, Labor and Social Welfare were used. Data analysis was done in the qualitative part using grounded theory and in the quantitative part using the partial least squares method.Findings and Conclusion. The research findings showed that organizational accountability and the fight against rent and corruption affect the implementation of good governance. The research findings showed that organizational responsibility and combating rent and corruption affect the implementation of good governance. The organization should be responsible to civil society from different aspects. In fact, the organization must be responsive in in terms of the rule of law, transparency, client demands, and its economic and functional areasOriginality/innovation. In this study, for theoretical synergy, an integrated and executive model was presented for good governance in the context of strategic communication in the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor and Social Welfare. This is despite the fact that previous studies dealt with these concepts separately

Strategic Communication Approach to the Implementation of the Theory of Good Governance in Iranian Government (Case Study of the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor and Social Welfare) and Presenting an Optimal Model

The Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor and Social Welfare, in order to gain public trust and achieve its mission, including organizing the cooperative sector and promoting efficiency in cooperatives, can establish good governance components through the use of strategic communications. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of strategic relationships on the establishment of good governance theory in the ministry and provide a favorable model And in terms of practical purpose and method of data collection is descriptive and its method is survey. A questionnaire was used to test the research hypotheses and Cronbach's alpha index was used to assess the reliability of the questionnaire. The results of this study show that there is a linear relationship between strategic communication and good governance components including transparency, accountability, participation, accountability, rule of law and flexibility, and the priorities of good governance components in this ministry are establishing transparency and accountability . Also, strategic relations in the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor and Social Welfare in order to implement the theory of good governance need to be established with characteristics such as: leadership-based unity, credibility, dialogue-oriented, based on concerted effort and synergy Being inclusive, result-oriented, providing a deep understanding of the country, being forward-looking and the result of a cycle of evaluation, review and redesign