Non-consumption of alcohol: the adolescents’ point of view

The percentage of adolescents who do not drink alcohol seems to have increased in the Western world in the past years. In some contexts, as the norm among young people is to drink alcohol, young non-drinkers may be marginalized and/or stigmatized. Despite the publication of a few studies conducted in other countries on the reasons or experiences of young people who do not drink alcohol, there seems to be a gap in the literature about to what extent these reasons explain why adolescents drink less. Moreover, given that alcohol consumption is cultural, it is important to understand young people’s experiences and motivations to abstain from alcohol in a context such as Switzerland. The objectives of this qualitative research are to explore how young people define the term ‘abstinence’; to explore their opinions on the Dry January challenge; to assess the reasons why some young people decide not to drink alcohol; to assess the advantages and disadvantages of non-consumption of alcohol; to understand how young non-drinkers live their choice and how they are perceived/treated by their peers; to identify strategies used by non-drinkers to avoid alcohol use while still socializing with their friends. Between April and June 2022, we conducted 12 FG with young people aged between 14 and 20 years old for a total of 63 (36 females) participants. The average age of participants was 16.9 years [rank: 14-20 years], with a median of 16 years. Participants were separated by gender (female / male, no one from another gender category contacted us), age (14-15 / 16-17 / 18-20) and alcohol consumption (drinkers / non-drinkers). In order to extract the different themes and dimensions raised by the participants, we carried out a thematic content analysis, a method of extracting subjective interpretations and meanings using a process of classification and categorisation of the data. Discussions began with a broad question about the term “abstinence” as applied to alcohol use in an adolescent population. In addition to not always understanding the term, participants overall found it to be an inappropriate term for youth not drinking. Sexual or religious connotations, for example, were discussed in this line. This term was more widely accepted when referring to an adult population, especially when someone decides to become abstinent as a result of an alcohol-related problem. Then participants talked about the reasons for non-drinking among youth: religion, legal ages, parents and family rules, bad experiences, fear of losing control (especially among females), distaste, religion, health consciousness. In terms of prevention, the Dry January campaign was not well known by the participants and many wondered what the aim of such a challenge was if no follow-up beyond the month of the challenge was offered. While not demonizing alcohol consumption, youth called for more normalization of non-drinking and inclusion of non-drinkers in prevention to support them and make other youth aware of their presence. Experiences in terms of social life were mixed among the non-drinkers participants. For some, not drinking did not impact social life, while others reported feeling excluded and out of the norm. Questions and comments about not drinking from young drinkers were reported as particularly annoying. Some participants shared some strategies for hiding their non-drinker status and going unnoticed at parties to avoid remarks. Finally, non-drinkers are often designated as the “lifesavers” during parties to deal with youth who drink. This status can sometimes put them under pressure and lead them to stop attending parties. Based on these results, some recommendations can be made: • To use the term non-drinker rather than abstainer • To normalize non-consumption of alcohol, including within families • To make other young people, but also adults, aware of the pressure and exclusion that can be felt by non-drinkers • To make challenges like #DryJanuary more visible and improve communication around them, especially in terms of objectives and follow-up (after January 31, what will happen?) Find something similar but more targeted at young people; • To raise awareness among young people about their perceptions of non-drinkers and alcohol-free parties as boring; • To include non-drinkers in prevention, to reinforce their choice and/or as a way to feel support • To raise awareness on young non-drinkers being often identified as the ones who will help others at a party and may feel too much pressure • To open the discussion on alcohol use before legal age

A picture of the mental health of adolescents in Switzerland and Liechtenstein

Current research suggests that mental health in young people is declining. Recent data indicate that depressive disorders are the main cause of morbidity among 15-19 year-olds, followed by anxiety disorders. In Switzerland, prevalence rates for depression range between 9.7% and 23.9% for females and from 3.6% to 12.9% for males, while for anxiety, it oscillates between 13.6% and 17.3% for females and 9.1% and 12.5& for males, depending on the type of sample, the age group, and the screening instrument used. The objectives of this research are: (1) To assess the prevalence of mental health disorders (depression and/or anxiety) among adolescents (14-19 year-olds) in Switzerland and Liechtenstein; (2) To identify individual, family, social and environmental factors associated to these disorders

Sexting, harcèlement, intimidation: le point de vue des témoins

Comprendre les dérives du sexting, notamment par l’étude du partage non consenti, est particulièrement important dans la problématique plus large du harcèlement ou de l’intimidation, notamment en milieu scolaire. En effet, certain·es auteur·es considèrent que le partage non consenti de contenu à caractère sexuel est un acte relevant du harcèlement et qu’il en partage certaines caractéristiques comme le déséquilibre des forces entre victimes et auteur·es, et l’influence du groupe. Dans sa lutte contre le harcèlement en milieu scolaire, le Département de la Formation, de la Jeunesse et de la Culture (DFJC) du canton de Vaud a décidé d’utiliser la méthode de la préoccupation partagée (MPP) afin de lutter contre les situations de harcèlement entre élèves. Cette méthode cherche à défaire l’effet du groupe. Quelques études se sont intéressées aux témoins dans le cadre du harcèlement, mais pas spécifiquement dans le cadre du sexting. Pour pouvoir appréhender l’ensemble des acteur·trices potentiellement impliqué·es dans une telle problématique, il apparait essentiel de mieux comprendre la place et le ressenti des pairs-témoins, notamment par rapport aux interventions qui visent spécifiquement l’aspect collectif du harcèlement comme la MPP. [...]]]> Sexting; harcèlement; intimidation; milieu scolaire; images intimes; adolescents fre https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_0D753B9680DF.P001/REF.pdf http://nbn-resolving.org/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_0D753B9680DF5 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_0D753B9680DF5 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Copying allowed only for non-profit organizations https://serval.unil.ch/disclaimer application/pdf oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_0D5B79608BBE 2022-11-26T02:15:02Z ehelvetica openaire documents phdthesis urnserval <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_0D5B79608BBE "DIESES SELTSAME MISCHGEBILDE VON HAUS UND STRAßE“ DIE PASSAGE UND IHRE DARSTELLUNG BEI LOUIS ARAGON UND WALTER BENJAMIN Bussard, Anne Christine Université de Lausanne, Faculté des lettres info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis phdthesis 2016 ger https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_0D5B79608BBE.P001/REF.pdf http://nbn-resolving.org/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_0D5B79608BBE9 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_0D5B79608BBE9 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Copying allowed only for non-profit organizations https://serval.unil.ch/disclaimer application/pdf oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_0D5BADA03255 2022-11-26T02:15:02Z ehelvetica openaire documents phdthesis urnserval <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_0D5BADA03255 PHARMACOGENETIC AND CLINICAL STUDY ON METABOLIC SIDE EFFECTS INDUCED BY PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS: FOCUS ON WEIGHT GAIN AND ON LIPID DISTURBANCES DELACRETAZ, Aurélie Université de Lausanne, Faculté de biologie et médecine info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis phdthesis 2017 eng https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_0D5BADA03255.P001/REF.pdf http://nbn-resolving.org/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_0D5BADA032555 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_0D5BADA032555 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Copying allowed only for non-profit organizations https://serval.unil.ch/disclaimer application/pdf oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_0D5BB837E25A 2022-11-26T02:15:02Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_0D5BB837E25A Force-induced globule-coil transition in laminin binding protein and its role for viral-cell membrane fusion. info:doi:10.1002/jmr.2399 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/jmr.2399 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/25319621 Zaitsev, B.N. Benedetti, F. Mikhaylov, A.G. Korneev, D.V. Sekatskii, S.K. Karakouz, T. Belavin, P.A. Netesova, N.A. Protopopova, E.V. Konovalova, S.N. Dietler, G. Loktev, V.B. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2014 Journal of Molecular Recognition, vol. 27, no. 12, pp. 727-738 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1099-1352 urn:issn:0952-3499 <![CDATA[The specific interactions of the pairs laminin binding protein (LBP)-purified tick-borne encephalitis viral surface protein E and certain recombinant fragments of this protein, as well as West Nile viral surface protein E and certain recombinant fragments of that protein, are studied by combined methods of single-molecule dynamic force spectroscopy (SMDFS), enzyme immunoassay and optical surface waves-based biosensor measurements. The experiments were performed at neutral pH (7.4) and acid pH (5.3) conditions. The data obtained confirm the role of LBP as a cell receptor for two typical viral species of the Flavivirus genus. A comparison of these data with similar data obtained for another cell receptor of this family, namely human αVβ3 integrin, reveals that both these receptors are very important. Studying the specific interaction between the cell receptors in question and specially prepared monoclonal antibodies against them, we could show that both interaction sites involved in the process of virus-cell interaction remain intact at pH 5.3. At the same time, for these acid conditions characteristic for an endosome during flavivirus-cell membrane fusion, SMDFS data reveal the existence of a force-induced (effective already for forces as small as 30-70 pN) sharp globule-coil transition for LBP and LBP-fragments of protein E complexes. We argue that this conformational transformation, being an analog of abrupt first-order phase transition and having similarity with the famous Rayleigh hydrodynamic instability, might be indispensable for the flavivirus-cell membrane fusion process. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd

Relações públicas e folkcomunicação : possibilidades de encontro a partir da Casa do Fandango Mestre Eugênio

Orientadora: Valquíria Michela John.Monografia (graduação) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Artes, Comunicação e Design, Curso de Graduação em Comunicação Social, habilitação em Relações Públicas.Inclui referênciasA folkcomunicação tem sido uma perspectiva teórico metodológica ainda pouco adotada na área de Relações Públicas, porém vivida intensamente por todos os indivíduos que estão imersos em uma comunidade e em organizações nela inseridas. Nesse contexto, a proposta deste trabalho é procurar entender como se dá a junção dos elementos comunicacionais das relações públicas dentro, não somente da comunidade, mas também quando essas ferramentas se aliam aos conceitos de folkcomunicação e contribuem para a consolidação de uma marca em seu ambiente de atuação. Este trabalho de conclusão de curso tem como local de análise a comunidade de Paranaguá tendo como foco a Casa do Fandango Mestre Eugênio. Para tanto, foi realizado um diagnóstico demográfico e histórico da comunidade bem como a análise da relação da comunidade com o fandango e o objeto citado aqui. Além disso, entre os procedimentos utilizados estão também a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, entrevistas com representantes de instituições locais e comparações com dados governamentais que estão ao entorno da Casa e também do Fandango, o fanfango em si e a cidade de Paranaguá. Todas as análises foram realizadas dentro da perspectiva da Folkcomunicação proposta por Luis Beltrão, articulando conceitos desta perspectiva às noções de comunicação pública e publicidade marginal e comunicação popular. Os resultados permitiram um plano de comunicação integrado voltado para a Casa além de detectar lacunas que existem na comunidade e que são provenientes da falta de eficiência da comunicação pública com a comunidade e a participação da mesma como comunicação popular. Além disso, a pesquisa deixou visível o vazio preocupante deixada pela não atuação de Relações Públicas na área seja pelo não incentivo acadêmico ou pelo despreparo perante o mercado. A complexidade das temáticas abriu caminhos para futuras pesquisas, todas elas possíveis para serem realizadas pelas Relações Públicas integrando os conceitos da Folkcomunicação tendo como ponto inicial instituições como a Casa do Fandango Mestre Eugênio

Sexual consent: the adolescents’ point of view

As part of a survey on the mental health of young people aged 14-19 years in Switzerland and Liechtenstein, participants (N=1197) responded a few questions about sexual consent. The objective of this short report is to describe the results on this topic

Alcohol use and misuse among young people: What about abstainers? A quantitative approach

Youth’s alcohol use and misuse is a public health problem due to its potential consequences. Acute consequences include accidents, other mortality factors, use of other drugs, withdrawal and hangover, risky sexual behaviors, poorer school performance or family functioning; while chronic use leads to effects on bone density and growth, liver function, brain development and mental health. For this reason, to date, most research on alcohol among young people refers to the prevalence of use or misuse and abstinence is rarely addressed. In order to fill this gap related to abstainers, the objective of this research is to describe the characteristics of alcohol abstainers compared to other groups of drinkers, and whether abstinence evolves into alcohol use over time

Intra-urban differences underlying leprosy spatial distribution in central Brazil:geospatial techniques as potential tools for surveillance

This ecological study identified an aggregation of urban neighbourhoods spatial patterns in the cumulative new case detection rate (NCDR) of leprosy in the municipality of Rondonópolis, central Brazil, as well as intra-urban socioeconomic differences underlying this distribution. Scan statistics of all leprosy cases reported in the area from 2011 to 2017 were used to investigate spatial and spatiotemporal clusters of the disease at the neighbourhood level. The associations between the log of the smoothed NCDR and demographic, socioeconomic, and structural characteristics were explored by comparing multivariate models based on ordinary least squares (OLS) regression, spatial lag, spatial error, and geographically weighted regression (GWR). Leprosy cases were observed in 84.1% of the neighbourhoods of Rondonópolis, where 848 new cases of leprosy were reported corresponding to a cumulative NCDR of 57.9 cases/100,000 inhabitants. Spatial and spatiotemporal high-risk clusters were identified in western and northern neighbourhoods, whereas central and southern areas comprised low-risk areas. The GWR model was selected as the most appropriate modelling strategy (adjusted R²: 0.305; AIC: 242.85). By mapping the GWR coefficients, we identified that low literacy rate and low mean monthly nominal income per household were associated with a high NCDR of leprosy, especially in the neighbourhoods located within high-risk areas. In conclusion, leprosy presented a heterogeneous and peripheral spatial distribution at the neighbourhood level, which seems to have been shaped by intra-urban differences related to deprivation and poor living conditions. This information should be considered by decision-makers while implementing surveillance measures aimed at leprosy control.</p

Archiving “sensitive” social media data: ‘In Her Shoes’, a case study

Social media play an increasingly significant role in activist and social movements around the globe. Archiving social media is a relatively new phenomenon and an area which needs greater clarity, understanding and uniformity. When it comes to archiving and cataloguing sensitive social media collections, such as personal abortion stories, the process is even more ambiguous. The campaign to repeal the Eighth Amendment (a constitutional ban on abortion) in Ireland saw many such stories shared through online media, particularly in the lead-up to the 2018 referendum. Using the ‘In Her Shoes: Women of the Eighth’ Facebook dataset as a case study, this article will explore the ethical issues of archiving sensitive data from Facebook. It will describe challenges to archiving social media data, incorporating issues such as copyright and user consent to archiving. Many stories in the collection covered sensitive issues such as intimate partner violence, suicide because of unplanned pregnancy and attempts to bring on miscarriage by harmful and dangerous means. We outline some of the actions we undertook to address these challenges, including: developing a Stakeholder Advisory Forum, publishing an Ethical Protocol, developing a self-care protocol for researchers, and establishing a Notice and Action Policy. We suggest these actions will contribute to a best-practice framework for archiving sensitive social media data