15 research outputs found
Habilidade motora, funçÔes executivas e psicopatologia na infĂąncia e adolescĂȘncia
A Habilidade Motora (HM) e as FunçÔes Executivas (FE) sĂŁo indicadores importantes do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor e cognitivo. Estes dois domĂnios do desenvolvimento humano interagem de forma extensa com um terceiro domĂnio, o desenvolvimento psicossocial, que pode ser acometido pelos transtornos mentais. Estudar a relação que indicadores do desenvolvimento motor e cognitivo apresentam com a psicopatologia na infĂąncia e adolescĂȘncia Ă© importante, porque este estudo pode suscitar pistas sobre a patofisiologia dos transtornos mentais, assim como sugerir novos alvos e intervençÔes terapĂȘuticas. O objetivo geral desta tese Ă© investigar a associação entre habilidade motora e funçÔes executivas com a psicopatologia na infĂąncia e adolescĂȘncia. O estudo sobre a associação entre indicadores do desenvolvimento motor e cognitivo com aspectos especĂficos da psicopatologia pode ser dificultado pela presença da alta taxa de comorbidade entre transtornos psiquiĂĄtricos e pela âimpureza fenotĂpicaâ da psicopatologia. Os dois estudos desta tese utilizam dados da Coorte Brasileira de Alto Risco para Transtornos Mentais (Brazilian High Risk Cohort for Mental Disorders) e recorrem a duas abordagens distintas para lidar com a limitação citada. No primeiro estudo, foi utilizada a comparação entre grupos clĂnicos formados por crianças sem comorbidade psiquiĂĄtrica (sem dois diagnĂłsticos psiquiĂĄtricos simultĂąneos), enquanto que, no segundo estudo, foi utilizado um modelo bifatorial capaz de separar aspectos gerais de aspectos especĂficos de psicopatologia. O primeiro estudo âFine motor ability and psychiatric disorders in youthâ comparou as medidas de habilidade motora fina de 2035 crianças e adolescentes divididos por meio da avaliação psiquiĂĄtrica em cinco grupos diagnĂłsticos: um grupo de comparação de desenvolvimento tĂpico (n=1667), um grupo de âtranstornos fĂłbicosâ (n=101), um grupo de âtranstornos ligados Ă angĂșstiaâ (n=82), um grupo âtranstorno de dĂ©ficit de atenção e hiperatividadeâ (TDAH, n=133) e um grupo âtranstorno de oposição e desafio/ transtorno de condutaâ (TOD/TC, n=52). O estudo mostrou que o grupo de participantes com TDAH apresentou um desempenho significativamente inferior ao grupo de desenvolvimento tĂpico em todas as dimensĂ”es de habilidade motora fina (habilidade motora fina, tempo para completar a tarefa, acurĂĄcia, fluĂȘncia, simetria, precisĂŁo e coordenação). Todas as dimensĂ”es 8 de TDAH (hiperatividade, desatenção e impulsividade) demonstraram correlaçÔes negativas e significativas com as dimensĂ”es de habilidade motora fina. As exceçÔes foram as correlaçÔes entre a dimensĂŁo tempo para conclusĂŁo da tarefa com todas as dimensĂ”es de TDAH, cujas correlaçÔes foram estatisticamente significativas e positivas. AlĂ©m disso, o grupo TDAH desempenhou as tarefas de forma mais lenta do que o grupo TOD/TC. NĂŁo foram encontradas diferenças de mĂ©dia entre a habilidade motora fina e os demais grupos. Nossos resultados indicam que crianças com TDAH apresentam prejuĂzo em todos os aspectos da habilidade motora fina quando comparados com crianças de desenvolvimento tĂpico, resultado nĂŁo encontrado nas comparaçÔes do grupo de desenvolvimento tĂpico com outros diagnĂłsticos. O segundo artigo âExecutive function performance is differentially associated with both general and specific aspects of developmental psychopathology in youthâ investigou a associação entre o desempenho em funçÔes executivas de 2511 crianças e seus escores de psicopatologia geral (tambĂ©m conhecido como âfator pâ) e de dimensĂ”es especĂficas da psicopatologia do desenvolvimento: medo (fear), âpensamentos angustiantesâ (distressful thoughts), âqueixas somĂĄticasâ (somatic complaints), âbaixo humorâ (low mood), âbaixa motivação/energiaâ (low motivation/energy), âdesatenção/hiperatividadeâ (inattention/ hyperactivity), âirritabilidadeâ (temper loss), agressĂŁo (aggression), âdesobediĂȘnciaâ (noncompliance) e âpouca preocupação com os outrosâ (low concern for others). As FunçÔes Executivas (FE) apresentaram uma associação significativa e negativa com o fator geral de psicopatologia, confirmando que os dĂ©ficits nas FE sĂŁo um traço transdiagnĂłstico nos transtornos mentais. Entretanto, com o modelo bifatorial e apĂłs retirar a contribuição do fator geral, as funçÔes executivas ainda apresentaram associaçÔes significativas com as dimensĂ”es especĂficas de psicopatologia. Pior desempenho nas funçÔes executivas esteve associada Ă dimensĂŁo medo e Ă dimensĂŁo desatenção/hiperatividade, enquanto que, melhor desempenho nas funçÔes executivas foi associada Ă s dimensĂ”es pensamentos angustiantes e baixo humor. Por meio de um modelo bifatorial de FE, observou-se que a associação entre FE e as dimensĂ”es gerais e especĂficas de psicopatologia ocorre devido ao fator geral das funçÔes executivas e nĂŁo aos fatores especĂficos. Este estudo evidenciou a importĂąncia de modelos de psicopatologia com categorizaçÔes mais refinadas que evidenciam associaçÔes especĂficas previamente confundidas com o fator geral de psicopatologia. Portanto, esta tese traz evidĂȘncias sobre a associação entre dĂ©ficits na habilidade motora e TDAH assim como evidĂȘncias sobre a associação entre desempenho nas funçÔes executivas e aspectos gerais e especĂficos da psicopatologia. Foram utilizados dois mĂ©todos de anĂĄlise (uso de grupos clĂnicos nĂŁo-comĂłrbidos e modelo bifatorial) que se mostraram como estratĂ©gias interessantes para abordar a impureza fenotĂpica da psicopatologia na busca por correlatos externos especĂficos. Por fim, sĂŁo abordadas as implicaçÔes clĂnicas e fisiopatolĂłgicas desses achados. Estes resultados indicam a importĂąncia de se investigar a habilidade motora em crianças e adolescentes e sugerem a pertinĂȘncia de se investigar intervençÔes que visam desenvolver as funçÔes executivas, uma vez que prejuĂzos nessas funçÔes estĂŁo associados a aspectos gerais e especĂficos da psicopatologia.Motor Ability (MA) and Executive Functions (EF) are important indicators of the neuropsychomotor and cognitive development. These two domains from human development interact extensively with a third domain, psychosocial development, which may be affected by mental disorders. Studying the association that MA and EF present with psychopathology in childhood and adolescence is important because it may engender clues about the pathophysiology of mental disorders, just as it can suggest new treatment targets and interventions. The general objective of this thesis is to investigate the relation MA and EF may have with psychopathology in childhood and adolescence. The investigation of the association between these two indicators of motor and cognitive development with specific aspects of psychopathology may be hindered by the presence of a high comorbidity rate among psychiatric disorders and by the âphenotypic impurityâ of psychopathohlogy. The two studies described on this thesis use data from the Brazilian High Risk Cohort for Mental Disorders and employ two different approaches to handle the presented limitation. On the first study, a comparison among clinical groups formed by children without psychiatric comorbidity (without two simultaneous psychiatric disorders) was used, while on the second study a bifactor model able to separate general from specific aspects of psychopathology was used. The first study âFine motor ability and psychiatric disorders in youthâ compared the measures of fine motor ability of 2035 children and adolescents separated by a psychiatric assessment into five clinical groups: a Typical Development Comparison (TDC) group (n=1667), a phobic disorders group (n=101), a distress disorders group (n=82), an Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder group (n=133), and an Oppositional Defiant Disorder/ Conduct Disorder group (n=52). The study showed that the ADHD group presented a worse performance when compared to the TDC group in all motor ability dimensions (fine motor ability, time to complete the task, accuracy, fluency, symmetry, precision, and coordination). All ADHD dimensions (hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity) exhibited significant and negative correlations with all dimensions of motor ability. The exceptions were the correlations of time to complete the task dimension with all ADHD dimensions, which were 11 statistically significant and positive. Moreover, the ADHD group performed the motor tasks more slowly than the Oppositional Defiant Disorder/ Conduct Disorder group. Our results indicate that children with ADHD present impairments in all aspects of fine motor ability when compared to typical developing subjects, a result not found in the comparisons of TDC with other clinical groups. The second article âExecutive function performance is differentially associated with both general and specific aspects of developmental psychopathology in youthâ investigated the association between the executive function performance of 2511 children and their scores on general psychopathology (also known as the âp factorâ) and on specific dimensions of developmental psychopathology: fear, distressful thoughts, somatic complaints, low mood, low motivation/energy, inattention/ hyperactivity, temper loss, aggression, noncompliance, and low concern for others. The Executive Functions (EF) presented a significant and negative association with the general psychopathology factor, confirming that EF deficits are transdiagnostic traits across mental disorders. However, with the bifactor model and after accounting for the contribution of the general psychopathology factor, the executive functions still presented significant associations with specific psychopathology dimensions. Worse performance in the executive functions was associated with fear and inattention- hyperactivity, while better performance in the executive functions was associated with distressful thoughts and low mood. By using an executive function bifactor model, we found that the associations between EF and psychopathology dimensions are due to the general executive function factor and not to the specific EF factors. This study highlighted the importance of psychopathology models with fine-grained divisions that show specific associations previously mistaken for the general psychopathology factor. Therefore, this thesis brings evidence about the association between impairment in motor ability and ADHD and evidence about the association between EF performance and general and specific aspects of psychopathology. We employed two methods of analysis (non-overlapping clinical groups and bifactor models) that have been demonstrated to be interesting strategies to approach the phenotypic impurity of psychopathology on the search for specific psychopathology correlates. Finally, the clinical and physiopathological implications of these findings are explored. These results indicate the importance of investigating motor ability in children and adolescents and suggest the pertinence of investigating interventions aimed to improve executive function, since impairments in EF are associated with general and specific aspects of psychopathology
Teoria do apego : conceitos bĂĄsicos e implicaçÔes para a psicoterapia de orientação analĂtica
A Teoria do Apego (TA) descreve como os primeiros vĂnculos de um indivĂduo podem moldar as expectativas futuras dele sobre si e sobre o mundo e descreve tambĂ©m formas com as quais a terapia pode remodelar essas expectativas. Apesar de possuir alguns pontos de divergĂȘncia com ideias freudianas e kleinianas, essa teoria apresenta tambĂ©m muitas convergĂȘncias com ideias de psicanalistas como Fairbairn e Winnicott. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo Ă© discorrer sobre os preceitos bĂĄsicos da TA, sobre suas semelhanças e diferenças com outras escolas da psicodinĂąmica e sobre suas implicaçÔes para a psicoterapia de orientação analĂtica. Nessa Ășltima parte, serĂĄ apresentado um caso que ilustra conceitos dessa teoria.Attachment Theory (AT) describes how an individualâs first relationships can shape his/her future expectations about his/herself and about others and it also describes how these expectations can be remodeled through psychotherapy. Despite AT may differ from Freudian and Kleinian ideias, this theory also holds similarities with ideas from psychoanalysts as Fairbairn and Winnicott. Therefore, this study aims to discuss basic concepts about AT, similarities and differences regarding AT and other psychodynamic schools and its implications for psychodynamic psychotherapy. During this last part, a clinical case that illustrates AT concepts will be described
Autism spectrum disorder in a patient with Nicolaides-Baraitser Syndrome: case report
ABSTRACT Nicolaides-Baraitser Syndrome is a rare genetic condition that clinically presents with intellectual disabilities, facial and bone changes, and sparse hair. In Brazil, only one case has been previously reported without genetic confirmation. We present the case of an 8-year-old boy, clinically and genetically diagnosed with Nicolaides-Baraitser Syndrome, who developed autism spectrum disorder characteristics with a formal diagnosis at the age of eight. Diagnosing autism spectrum disorder in patients with intellectual disabilities is a clinical challenge requiring careful evaluation
Differentiating irritable mood and disruptive behavior in adults
Introduction: Irritability has both mood and behavioral manifestations. These frequently co-occur, and it is unclear to what extent they are dissociable domains. We used confirmatory factor analysis and external validators to investigate the independence of mood and behavioral components of irritability. Methods: The sample comprised 246 patients (mean age 45 years; 63% female) from four outpatient programs (depression, anxiety, bipolar, and schizophrenia) at a tertiary hospital. A clinical instrument rated by trained clinicians was specifically designed to capture irritable mood and disruptive behavior dimensionally, as well as current categorical diagnoses i.e., intermittent explosive disorder (IED); oppositional defiant disorder (ODD); and an adaptation to diagnose disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) in adults. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the best fitting irritability models and regression analyses were used to investigate associations with external validators. Results: Irritable mood and disruptive behavior were both frequent, but diagnoses of disruptive syndromes were rare (IED, 8%; ODD, 2%; DMDD, 2%). A correlated model with two dimensions, and a bifactor model with one general dimension and two specific dimensions (mood and behavior) both had good fit indices. The correlated model had root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.077, with 90% confidence interval (90%CI) = 0.071-0.083; comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.99; and Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) = 0.99, while the bifactor model had RMSEA = 0.041; CFI = 0.99; and TLI = 0.99 respectively). In the bifactor model, external validity for differentiation of the mood and behavioral components of irritability was also supported by associations between irritable mood and impairment and clinical measures of depression and mania, which were not associated with disruptive behavior. Conclusions: Psychometric and external validity data suggest both overlapping and specific features of the mood vs. disruptive behavior dimensions of irritability
Habilidade motora, funçÔes executivas e psicopatologia na infĂąncia e adolescĂȘncia
A Habilidade Motora (HM) e as FunçÔes Executivas (FE) sĂŁo indicadores importantes do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor e cognitivo. Estes dois domĂnios do desenvolvimento humano interagem de forma extensa com um terceiro domĂnio, o desenvolvimento psicossocial, que pode ser acometido pelos transtornos mentais. Estudar a relação que indicadores do desenvolvimento motor e cognitivo apresentam com a psicopatologia na infĂąncia e adolescĂȘncia Ă© importante, porque este estudo pode suscitar pistas sobre a patofisiologia dos transtornos mentais, assim como sugerir novos alvos e intervençÔes terapĂȘuticas. O objetivo geral desta tese Ă© investigar a associação entre habilidade motora e funçÔes executivas com a psicopatologia na infĂąncia e adolescĂȘncia. O estudo sobre a associação entre indicadores do desenvolvimento motor e cognitivo com aspectos especĂficos da psicopatologia pode ser dificultado pela presença da alta taxa de comorbidade entre transtornos psiquiĂĄtricos e pela âimpureza fenotĂpicaâ da psicopatologia. Os dois estudos desta tese utilizam dados da Coorte Brasileira de Alto Risco para Transtornos Mentais (Brazilian High Risk Cohort for Mental Disorders) e recorrem a duas abordagens distintas para lidar com a limitação citada. No primeiro estudo, foi utilizada a comparação entre grupos clĂnicos formados por crianças sem comorbidade psiquiĂĄtrica (sem dois diagnĂłsticos psiquiĂĄtricos simultĂąneos), enquanto que, no segundo estudo, foi utilizado um modelo bifatorial capaz de separar aspectos gerais de aspectos especĂficos de psicopatologia. O primeiro estudo âFine motor ability and psychiatric disorders in youthâ comparou as medidas de habilidade motora fina de 2035 crianças e adolescentes divididos por meio da avaliação psiquiĂĄtrica em cinco grupos diagnĂłsticos: um grupo de comparação de desenvolvimento tĂpico (n=1667), um grupo de âtranstornos fĂłbicosâ (n=101), um grupo de âtranstornos ligados Ă angĂșstiaâ (n=82), um grupo âtranstorno de dĂ©ficit de atenção e hiperatividadeâ (TDAH, n=133) e um grupo âtranstorno de oposição e desafio/ transtorno de condutaâ (TOD/TC, n=52). O estudo mostrou que o grupo de participantes com TDAH apresentou um desempenho significativamente inferior ao grupo de desenvolvimento tĂpico em todas as dimensĂ”es de habilidade motora fina (habilidade motora fina, tempo para completar a tarefa, acurĂĄcia, fluĂȘncia, simetria, precisĂŁo e coordenação). Todas as dimensĂ”es 8 de TDAH (hiperatividade, desatenção e impulsividade) demonstraram correlaçÔes negativas e significativas com as dimensĂ”es de habilidade motora fina. As exceçÔes foram as correlaçÔes entre a dimensĂŁo tempo para conclusĂŁo da tarefa com todas as dimensĂ”es de TDAH, cujas correlaçÔes foram estatisticamente significativas e positivas. AlĂ©m disso, o grupo TDAH desempenhou as tarefas de forma mais lenta do que o grupo TOD/TC. NĂŁo foram encontradas diferenças de mĂ©dia entre a habilidade motora fina e os demais grupos. Nossos resultados indicam que crianças com TDAH apresentam prejuĂzo em todos os aspectos da habilidade motora fina quando comparados com crianças de desenvolvimento tĂpico, resultado nĂŁo encontrado nas comparaçÔes do grupo de desenvolvimento tĂpico com outros diagnĂłsticos. O segundo artigo âExecutive function performance is differentially associated with both general and specific aspects of developmental psychopathology in youthâ investigou a associação entre o desempenho em funçÔes executivas de 2511 crianças e seus escores de psicopatologia geral (tambĂ©m conhecido como âfator pâ) e de dimensĂ”es especĂficas da psicopatologia do desenvolvimento: medo (fear), âpensamentos angustiantesâ (distressful thoughts), âqueixas somĂĄticasâ (somatic complaints), âbaixo humorâ (low mood), âbaixa motivação/energiaâ (low motivation/energy), âdesatenção/hiperatividadeâ (inattention/ hyperactivity), âirritabilidadeâ (temper loss), agressĂŁo (aggression), âdesobediĂȘnciaâ (noncompliance) e âpouca preocupação com os outrosâ (low concern for others). As FunçÔes Executivas (FE) apresentaram uma associação significativa e negativa com o fator geral de psicopatologia, confirmando que os dĂ©ficits nas FE sĂŁo um traço transdiagnĂłstico nos transtornos mentais. Entretanto, com o modelo bifatorial e apĂłs retirar a contribuição do fator geral, as funçÔes executivas ainda apresentaram associaçÔes significativas com as dimensĂ”es especĂficas de psicopatologia. Pior desempenho nas funçÔes executivas esteve associada Ă dimensĂŁo medo e Ă dimensĂŁo desatenção/hiperatividade, enquanto que, melhor desempenho nas funçÔes executivas foi associada Ă s dimensĂ”es pensamentos angustiantes e baixo humor. Por meio de um modelo bifatorial de FE, observou-se que a associação entre FE e as dimensĂ”es gerais e especĂficas de psicopatologia ocorre devido ao fator geral das funçÔes executivas e nĂŁo aos fatores especĂficos. Este estudo evidenciou a importĂąncia de modelos de psicopatologia com categorizaçÔes mais refinadas que evidenciam associaçÔes especĂficas previamente confundidas com o fator geral de psicopatologia. Portanto, esta tese traz evidĂȘncias sobre a associação entre dĂ©ficits na habilidade motora e TDAH assim como evidĂȘncias sobre a associação entre desempenho nas funçÔes executivas e aspectos gerais e especĂficos da psicopatologia. Foram utilizados dois mĂ©todos de anĂĄlise (uso de grupos clĂnicos nĂŁo-comĂłrbidos e modelo bifatorial) que se mostraram como estratĂ©gias interessantes para abordar a impureza fenotĂpica da psicopatologia na busca por correlatos externos especĂficos. Por fim, sĂŁo abordadas as implicaçÔes clĂnicas e fisiopatolĂłgicas desses achados. Estes resultados indicam a importĂąncia de se investigar a habilidade motora em crianças e adolescentes e sugerem a pertinĂȘncia de se investigar intervençÔes que visam desenvolver as funçÔes executivas, uma vez que prejuĂzos nessas funçÔes estĂŁo associados a aspectos gerais e especĂficos da psicopatologia.Motor Ability (MA) and Executive Functions (EF) are important indicators of the neuropsychomotor and cognitive development. These two domains from human development interact extensively with a third domain, psychosocial development, which may be affected by mental disorders. Studying the association that MA and EF present with psychopathology in childhood and adolescence is important because it may engender clues about the pathophysiology of mental disorders, just as it can suggest new treatment targets and interventions. The general objective of this thesis is to investigate the relation MA and EF may have with psychopathology in childhood and adolescence. The investigation of the association between these two indicators of motor and cognitive development with specific aspects of psychopathology may be hindered by the presence of a high comorbidity rate among psychiatric disorders and by the âphenotypic impurityâ of psychopathohlogy. The two studies described on this thesis use data from the Brazilian High Risk Cohort for Mental Disorders and employ two different approaches to handle the presented limitation. On the first study, a comparison among clinical groups formed by children without psychiatric comorbidity (without two simultaneous psychiatric disorders) was used, while on the second study a bifactor model able to separate general from specific aspects of psychopathology was used. The first study âFine motor ability and psychiatric disorders in youthâ compared the measures of fine motor ability of 2035 children and adolescents separated by a psychiatric assessment into five clinical groups: a Typical Development Comparison (TDC) group (n=1667), a phobic disorders group (n=101), a distress disorders group (n=82), an Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder group (n=133), and an Oppositional Defiant Disorder/ Conduct Disorder group (n=52). The study showed that the ADHD group presented a worse performance when compared to the TDC group in all motor ability dimensions (fine motor ability, time to complete the task, accuracy, fluency, symmetry, precision, and coordination). All ADHD dimensions (hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity) exhibited significant and negative correlations with all dimensions of motor ability. The exceptions were the correlations of time to complete the task dimension with all ADHD dimensions, which were 11 statistically significant and positive. Moreover, the ADHD group performed the motor tasks more slowly than the Oppositional Defiant Disorder/ Conduct Disorder group. Our results indicate that children with ADHD present impairments in all aspects of fine motor ability when compared to typical developing subjects, a result not found in the comparisons of TDC with other clinical groups. The second article âExecutive function performance is differentially associated with both general and specific aspects of developmental psychopathology in youthâ investigated the association between the executive function performance of 2511 children and their scores on general psychopathology (also known as the âp factorâ) and on specific dimensions of developmental psychopathology: fear, distressful thoughts, somatic complaints, low mood, low motivation/energy, inattention/ hyperactivity, temper loss, aggression, noncompliance, and low concern for others. The Executive Functions (EF) presented a significant and negative association with the general psychopathology factor, confirming that EF deficits are transdiagnostic traits across mental disorders. However, with the bifactor model and after accounting for the contribution of the general psychopathology factor, the executive functions still presented significant associations with specific psychopathology dimensions. Worse performance in the executive functions was associated with fear and inattention- hyperactivity, while better performance in the executive functions was associated with distressful thoughts and low mood. By using an executive function bifactor model, we found that the associations between EF and psychopathology dimensions are due to the general executive function factor and not to the specific EF factors. This study highlighted the importance of psychopathology models with fine-grained divisions that show specific associations previously mistaken for the general psychopathology factor. Therefore, this thesis brings evidence about the association between impairment in motor ability and ADHD and evidence about the association between EF performance and general and specific aspects of psychopathology. We employed two methods of analysis (non-overlapping clinical groups and bifactor models) that have been demonstrated to be interesting strategies to approach the phenotypic impurity of psychopathology on the search for specific psychopathology correlates. Finally, the clinical and physiopathological implications of these findings are explored. These results indicate the importance of investigating motor ability in children and adolescents and suggest the pertinence of investigating interventions aimed to improve executive function, since impairments in EF are associated with general and specific aspects of psychopathology
Teoria do apego : conceitos bĂĄsicos e implicaçÔes para a psicoterapia de orientação analĂtica
A Teoria do Apego (TA) descreve como os primeiros vĂnculos de um indivĂduo podem moldar as expectativas futuras dele sobre si e sobre o mundo e descreve tambĂ©m formas com as quais a terapia pode remodelar essas expectativas. Apesar de possuir alguns pontos de divergĂȘncia com ideias freudianas e kleinianas, essa teoria apresenta tambĂ©m muitas convergĂȘncias com ideias de psicanalistas como Fairbairn e Winnicott. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo Ă© discorrer sobre os preceitos bĂĄsicos da TA, sobre suas semelhanças e diferenças com outras escolas da psicodinĂąmica e sobre suas implicaçÔes para a psicoterapia de orientação analĂtica. Nessa Ășltima parte, serĂĄ apresentado um caso que ilustra conceitos dessa teoria.Attachment Theory (AT) describes how an individualâs first relationships can shape his/her future expectations about his/herself and about others and it also describes how these expectations can be remodeled through psychotherapy. Despite AT may differ from Freudian and Kleinian ideias, this theory also holds similarities with ideas from psychoanalysts as Fairbairn and Winnicott. Therefore, this study aims to discuss basic concepts about AT, similarities and differences regarding AT and other psychodynamic schools and its implications for psychodynamic psychotherapy. During this last part, a clinical case that illustrates AT concepts will be described