Modelling of micro-sources for security studies

International audienceThe interconnection of small, modular generation and storage technologies at the MV and LV distribution level have the potential to significantly impact power system performance. In this paper models of the main micro-generation sources are described. In particular, the models of Microturbines, Fuel Cells, Photovoltaic Systems and Wind Turbines, are described. In addition basic models of their power electronic interfaces are given. The integration of the above models in a steady state and dynamic simulation tool, which is developed in the framework of the EU funded MICROGRIDS project, will provide a simulation test platform, which will be necessary to define and evaluate the developed operational and control strategies

MORE CARE Overview

International audienceThis paper provides an overview of MORE CARE, a European R&D project financed within the 5th Framework Energy Programme. This project has as main objective the development of an advanced control software system, aiming to optimize the overall performance of isolated and weakly interconnected systems in liberalized market environments by increasing the share of wind energy and other renewable forms, including advanced on-line security functions. The main features of the control system comprise advanced software modules for load and wind power forecasting, unit commitment and economic dispatch of the conventional and renewable units and on-line security assessment capabilities integrated in a friendly Man-Machine environment. Pilot installations of advanced control functions are foreseen on the islands of Crete, Ireland and Madeira

An optimization approach for wind turbine commitment and dispatch in a wind park

This paper describes an operational optimization strategy to be adopted at the wind park control level, that enables defining the commitment of wind turbines and their active and reactive power outputs following requests from Wind Park Dispatch Centers, assuming that individual wind turbines short-term wind speed forecasts are knownand are expressed as power availability. This operational strategywas also developed with a concern on the minimization of the connection/disconnection changes of the individual wind generators, for a given time horizon. When identifying the active/reactive dispatching policies, wind generators loading capabilities are also taken in account. This optimization tool is especially suited to manage large wind parks

Storage Devices Impact on Electricity Distribution

This paper addresses the potential impact that distributed energy storage systems have in the distribution networks, in terms of applications and available technologies in the market. Among the several components of the electrical system, the distribution network is the one experiencing the most profound changes, particularly in terms of technological evolution. At this stage, the recent deployment of some new technologies may play a significant role in the distribution networks development, one of them is energy storage. Although the energy storage devices are not bound to a specific technology, but rather on a broad spectrum, they do have in common the potential of influencing (balancing) power variations and in this way to contribute to supplying totally or partially the distribution grid, namely when disturbances and variations take place. This potential is driving this technology into the forefront particularly when the growing usage of variable energy resources and an increasing need of power quality are considered. At a moment in which the impact of variable renewable energy sources is expected to increase in the European Union, distributed storage has the potential to play a key role in stabilizing the network.JRC.DDG.F.3-Energy securit

Characterisation of electrical energy storage technologies

In the current situation with the unprecedented deployment of clean technologies for electricity generation, it is natural to expect that storage will play an important role in electricity networks. This paper provides a qualitative methodology to select the appropriate technology or mix of technologies for different applications. The multiple comparisons according to different characteristics distinguish this paper from others about energy storage systems. Firstly, the different technologies available for energy storage, as discussed in the literature, are described and compared. The characteristics of the technologies are explained, including their current availability. In order to gain a better perspective, availability is cross-compared with maturity level. Moreover, information such as ratings, energy density, durability and costs is provided in table and graphic format for a straightforward comparison. Additionally, the different electric grid applications of energy storage technologies are described and categorised. For each of the categories, we describe the available technologies, both mature and potential. Finally, methods for connecting storage technologies are discussed

Reliability Analyses on Distribution Networks with Dispersed Generation - a Review of the State of the Art

The electric power system is changing due to several reasons and among these one may find the deployment of dispersed generation (DG). The impact of DG into the electrical network has to be cautiously investigated, considering the several constraints that might arise, for instance, in what concerns reliability. This paper firstly describes the present situation of DG. Afterwards the several concepts around reliability are highlighted. Finally, the state of the art of the evaluation of the distribution networks reliability is reviewed, in presence or not of DG, indicating the different methodologies used.JRC.DDG.F.3-Energy securit