Literary translation and cultural memory

This article intends to investigate the relationship between literary translation and cultural memory, using a twentieth century film version of one of Shakespeare’s plays as a case study in inter-semiotic translation. The common perception of translation is often confined to its use as a language learning tool or as a means of information transfer between languages. The wider academic concept embraces not only inter-lingual translation, but both intra-lingual activity or rewording in the same language and inter-semiotic translation defined by Roman Jacobson as “the interpretation of verbal signs by means of signs of nonverbal sign systems” (Jakobson, 1959: 114)

Well and truly translated : an exploration of the processes at work in Englishing the Bible from the seventh to the seventeenth century

This thesis aims to open up a new perspective an the translation of the Bible into the vernacular. It offers the idea that the first complete translation of the Bible into English in the 1380's was not a sudden and short-lived political gesture, but the natural progression of a process which began in Anglo-Saxon times, continued through the Middle Ages and culminated in the definitive 1611 version of the English Bible. It hopes to set the Englishing of the Bible into a linguistic and literary context as well as a religious and political one. It takes into account the problems of retrospective assessment and the danger of attempting to impose modern values on pre-conquest and medieval prose. The early development of the vernacular from Bede to Aelfric begins the study of the process of Englishing; the wealth of medieval translations from the Conquest to Rolle continues it. The inheritance of translation theory, the mystical tradition and the theories of authority and authorship are discussed as a background to the Wycliffite translation of the Bible. The study of the progress of the vernacular at this point becomes a study of the development of English prose and includes an account of Pecock's works and the contemporary perspective of Thomas More. The Humanist element comes into sharper focus with a discussion of the rise of Greek studies and of the effect of the redefinition of the source text in the form of Erasmus's Greek New Testament. William Tyndale's position as reformer and translator of the scriptures is contrasted with that of the Wycliffites in respect of available source texts, distribution in the form of relatively inexpensive printed books and a literate potential readership. The Englishing of the Bible after Tyndale is traced through a process of editing, defining, layering and expanding previous texts which culminated in the production of the King James Bible of 1611

An In-Depth Case Study of a Prospective Black Male Teacher Candidate with an Undisclosed Disability at a Historically Black College and University

As scholarship of Black male collegians is growing, there is limited research attentive to Black males with disabilities and in teacher education programs. The research focused on pre-service Black male teachers with disabilities attending HBCUs and the federal laws impacting their education and supports is absent. This research study fills the void by examining the individual experiences of a Black male pre-service teacher with a disability attending an HBCU. The research team used Black males with disability theory and single-subject case study methodology to describe Christopher “CJ” Jackson’s journey navigating his program of study as an English education major. Four main themes emerged in the study of CJ that capture his collegiate and teacher education experiences: a) influences to become an English teacher, b) field experience issues, c) inconsistent academic performance, and d) postsecondary academic adjustments. The research team offers recommendations for supporting pre-service Black male teachers in college and in teacher education programs

Cytosol-derived proteins are sufficient for Arp2/3 recruitment and ARF/coatomer-dependent actin polymerization on Golgi membranes

AbstractThe actin cytoskeleton has been implicated in protein trafficking at the Golgi apparatus and in Golgi orientation and morphology. Actin dynamics at the Golgi are regulated in part by recruiting Cdc42 or Rac to the membrane through a binding interaction with the coatomer-coated (COPI)-vesicle coat protein, coatomer. This leads to actin polymerization through the effector, N-WASP and the Arp2/3 complex. Here, we have used reconstitution of vesicle budding to test whether Arp2/3 is recruited to membranes during the formation of COPI vesicles. Our results revealed that ARF1 activation leads to greatly increased Arp3 levels on the membranes. Coatomer-bound Cdc42 and pre-existing F-actin are important for Arp2/3 binding. ARF1-dependent Arp2/3 recruitment and actin polymerization can be reconstituted on liposomal membranes, indicating that no membrane proteins are necessary. These results show that activated ARF1 can stimulate Arp2/3 recruitment to Golgi membranes through coatomer, Cdc42 or Rac, and N-WASP

Coatomer-bound Cdc42 regulates dynein recruitment to COPI vesicles

Cytoskeletal dynamics at the Golgi apparatus are regulated in part through a binding interaction between the Golgi-vesicle coat protein, coatomer, and the regulatory GTP-binding protein Cdc42 (Wu, W.J., J.W. Erickson, R. Lin, and R.A. Cerione. 2000. Nature. 405:800–804; Fucini, R.V., J.L. Chen, C. Sharma, M.M. Kessels, and M. Stamnes. 2002. Mol. Biol. Cell. 13:621–631). The precise role of this complex has not been determined. We have analyzed the protein composition of Golgi-derived coat protomer I (COPI)–coated vesicles after activating or inhibiting signaling through coatomer-bound Cdc42. We show that Cdc42 has profound effects on the recruitment of dynein to COPI vesicles. Cdc42, when bound to coatomer, inhibits dynein binding to COPI vesicles whereas preventing the coatomer–Cdc42 interaction stimulates dynein binding. Dynein recruitment was found to involve actin dynamics and dynactin. Reclustering of nocodazole-dispersed Golgi stacks and microtubule/dynein-dependent ER-to-Golgi transport are both sensitive to disrupting Cdc42 mediated signaling. By contrast, dynein-independent transport to the Golgi complex is insensitive to mutant Cdc42. We propose a model for how proper temporal regulation of motor-based vesicle translocation could be coupled to the completion of vesicle formation

Multi-donor × elite-based populations reveal QTL for low-lodging wheat

Low-lodging high-yielding wheat germplasm and SNP-tagged novel alleles for lodging were identified in a process that involved selecting donors through functional phenotyping for underlying traits with a designed phenotypic screen, and a crossing strategy involving multiple-donor × elite populations

Safety, immunogenicity, and clinical outcomes in patients with Morquio A syndrome participating in 2 sequential open-label studies of elosulfase alfa enzyme replacement therapy (MOR-002/MOR-100), representing 5 years of treatment

Elosulfase alfa is an enzyme replacement therapy for Morquio A syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis IVA), a multisystemic progressive lysosomal storage disorder. This report includes the primary treatment outcomes and immunogenicity profile of elosulfase alfa in patients with Morquio A syndrome from 2 sequential studies, MOR-002 (ClinicalTrials.govNCT00884949) and MOR-100 (NCT01242111), representing >5 years of clinical study data. MOR-002 was an open-label, single-arm phase 1/2 study that evaluated the pharmacokinetics, safety, immunogenicity, and preliminary efficacy of 3 sequential doses of elosulfase alfa (0.1, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg/week) in patients with Morquio A syndrome (n = 20) over 36 weeks, followed by an optional 36- to 48-week treatment period using elosulfase alfa 1.0 mg/kg once weekly (qw). During the 0.1 mg/kg dosing phase, 1 patient discontinued due to a type I hypersensitivity adverse event (AE), and that patient's sibling voluntarily discontinued in the absence of AEs. An additional patient discontinued due to recurrent infusion reactions during the 1.0 mg/kg continuation phase. The remaining 17 patients completed MOR-002 and enrolled in MOR-100, an open-label, long-term extension study that further evaluated safety and clinical outcomes with elosulfase alfa administered at 2.0 mg/kg qw. During the course of MOR-100, patients were given the option of receiving elosulfase alfa infusions at home with nursing assistance. Over the course of both studies, all patients experienced ≥1 AE and most patients experienced a drug-related AE, generally of mild or moderate severity. Hypersensitivity reactions reported as related to study drug occurred in 25% of patients. Thirteen patients who chose to receive infusions at home had the same tolerability and safety profile, as well as comparable compliance rates, as patients who chose to receive on-site infusions. All patients developed antibodies to elosulfase alfa. Positivity for neutralizing antibodies was associated with increased drug half-life and decreased drug clearance. Despite formation of antidrug-binding (total antidrug antibodies, TAb) and in vitro neutralizing antibodies (NAb) in all patients, these types of immunogenicity to elosulfase alfa were not correlated with safety or clinical outcomes. In contrast with the reported natural history of Morquio A, no trends toward decreasing endurance, respiratory function, or ability to perform activities of daily living were observed in this cohort over the 5-year period.Supplementary Fig. 1. Mean 6-min walk test distance versus age in Morquio A Clinical Assessment Program subjects aged ≤20 years. Reproduced with permission from P.R. Harmatz, K.E. Mengel, R. Giugliani, V. Valayannopoulos, S.P. Lin, R. Parini, N. Guffon, B.K. Burton, C.J. Hendriksz, J.J. Mitchell, A.M. Martins, S.A. Jones, N. Guelbert, A. Vellodi, F.A. Wijburg, K. Yang, P. Slasor, C. Decker. Longitudinal analysis of endurance and respiratory function from a natural history study of Morquio A syndrome, Mol. Genet. Metab. 114 (2015) 186–194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2014.10.015. MorCAP, Morquio A Clinical Assessment Program.Supplementary Fig. 2. Log10 mean TAb titer by study week in MOR-002 and MOR-100.Supplementary Fig. 3. (A) uKS versus TAb titer; (B) uKS versus NAb positivity; (C) 6MWT versus TAb titer; (D) 6MWT versus NAb positivity (E) 3MSCT versus TAb titer; (F) 3MSCT versus Nab positivity.Supplementary Table 1. Study drug-related adverse events and serious adverse events in MOR-002 and MOR-100.Supplementary Table 2. Hypersensitivity AEs in MOR-002 and MOR-100 using MedDRA SMQs.Supplementary Table 3. Patients who developed elosulfase alfa TAb, NAb, and IgE during MOR-002 and MOR-100.Supplementary Table 4. Mean TAb titer and NAb responses by hypersensitivity AE severity in IgE-negative patients (safety population).Supplementary Table 5. Incidence of hypersensitivity AEs in IgE-negative patients (safety population) by TAb response group using MedDRA SMQs by preferred term.BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc.http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ymgmePaediatrics and Child Healt

A combinatorial TIR1/AFB–Aux/IAA co-receptor system for differential sensing of auxin

The plant hormone auxin regulates virtually every aspect of plant growth and development. Auxin acts by binding the F-box protein transport inhibitor response 1 (TIR1) and promotes the degradation of the AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (Aux/IAA) transcriptional repressors. Here we show that efficient auxin binding requires assembly of an auxin co-receptor complex consisting of TIR1 and an Aux/IAA protein. Heterologous experiments in yeast and quantitative IAA binding assays using purified proteins showed that different combinations of TIR1 and Aux/IAA proteins form co-receptor complexes with a wide range of auxin-binding affinities. Auxin affinity seems to be largely determined by the Aux/IAA. As there are 6 TIR1/AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX proteins (AFBs) and 29 Aux/IAA proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana, combinatorial interactions may result in many co-receptors with distinct auxin-sensing properties. We also demonstrate that the AFB5–Aux/IAA co-receptor selectively binds the auxinic herbicide picloram. This co-receptor system broadens the effective concentration range of the hormone and may contribute to the complexity of auxin response

The Vehicle, Fall 1983

Vol. 25, No. 1 Table of Contents Amish BoyDevon Flesorpage 3 SyllogismJ. Maura Davispage 3 Ten SecondsD.L. Lewispage 4 The Cedar ChestBridget M. Howepage 4 A Christmas With CarolSteve Longpage 5 TeethMichelle Mitchellpage 7 An I-Love-You PoemD.L. Lewispage 8 The Dragon SlayerSusan Gradypage 8 A DefinitionAmy J. Eadespage 9 FingernailsSuzanne Hornpage 10 The Liar\u27s TableBrook Wilsonpage 10 Fifi\u27s Last PartySteve Longpage 12 Absence/PresenceSuzanne Hornpage 13 From the Rantings of a Mad Astronomy StudentAmy J. Eadespage 13 In the Name of the Father, the Son, and MachiavelliF. Link Rapierpage 15 Errant LoverBecky Lawsonpage 16 DaddyKevin Lylespage 16 GhostsGary Ervinpage 17 TangoF. Link Rapierpage 17 Grandma\u27s SlippersBecky Lawsonpage 18 EdgesAmy J. Eadespage 19 Having ChildrenDevon Flesorpage 20 Young Black GirlKevin Lylespage 21 CatSuzanne Hornpage 22 Breakfast for OneMichelle Mitchellpage 22 A Modest ProposalBrooke Sanfordpage 23 Post MortemF. Link Rapierpage 26 Who Said I Forgot?Lynne Krausepage 27 The Corner Booth at StuckeysMaggie Kennedypage 28 The First DayDavis Brydenpage 29 DownLynne Krausepage 30 Fairie RingDevon Flesorpage 31 The LaundrymatKathy Fordpage 32 Sunday in OctoberBridget M. Howepage 32 The Kitchen WindowMaggie Kennedypage 33 UntitledChristina Maire Vitekpage 34 8th Grade Field Trip to SpringfieldMichelle Mitchellpage 34 Children of the FortiesF. Link Rapierpage 35 one winter and i was eightGary Ervinpage 35 Don\u27t we all know?Thomas B. Waltrippage 36 The TravelerMaggie Kennedypage 36 The VisitKathy Fordpage 40 CubismMaggie Kennedypage 40https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1042/thumbnail.jp