Cancers épithéliaux primitifs de l’ovaire : aspects épidémiologiques, diagnostiques, thérapeutiques et évolutifs à Ouagadougou

Objectif : décrire les aspects épidémiologiques, diagnostiques, thérapeutiques, et évolutifs du cancer épithélial de l’ovaire à Ouagadougou.Patientes et méthodes : Il s’est agi d’une étude longitudinale et descriptive, menée entre le 1er Janvier 2012 et le 30 Septembre 2017 et portant sur 57 cas de cancers épithéliaux de l’ovaire. La survie globale a été calculée selon la méthode de Kaplan Meier. La comparaison des survies a été possible par la méthode du Log Rank.Résultats : Le cancer de l’ovaire a représenté 3,1% des cancers féminins. L’âge moyen était de 49,6 ± 16,8 ans. Le délai moyen de consultation était de 10,4 ± 8,6 mois. La distension abdominale et les douleurs abdominales étaient les principaux motifs de consultation dans respectivement 75,9 et 43,1% des cas. La taille moyenne des masses était de 9,8± 3,2 cm. Les adénocarcinomes séreux représentaient 67,8%. Les patiente s étaient d’emblée métastatiques à l’imagerie dans 55,1 %. Le traitement a été la chimiothérapie seule (8,8%) et la chimiothérapie associée à la chirurgie (40,3%). Il s’agissait d’une chirurgie régionale de l’ovaire dans 13,6% des cas et d’une réduction tumorale dans 86,4%. La médiane de survie était de 6 mois. La survie globale à 5 ans était de 47,8%.Conclusion : Le cancer épithélial survient à un âge relativement jeune. Le diagnostic est tardif. Le taux de survie est faible. L’optimisation diagnostique permettrait d’améliorer le pronostic. Mots-clés : Cancers-ovaire-diagnostic-traitement-survie. English Title: Primary ovarian cancers: epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects in Ouagadougou Objective: Describe the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary features of epithelial ovarian cancer in OuagadougouPatients and methods: Thisis a longitudinal and descriptive study over 57 cases of epithelial ovarian cancers. The study coversthe period from 1stJanuary, 2012 to 30th September, 2017. Overallsurvival was calculated using the Kaplan Meier method. Survivals were compared thanks to the Log Rank method.Results: Ovarian cancer represented 3.1% of female cancers. The patients’ average age was 49.6 ± 16.8 years. The average deadline for consultation was 10.4 ± 8.6 months. Abdominal distention and abdominal pain were the main reasons for consultation in respectively 75.9% and 43.1% of cases. The average size of the masses was 9.8 ± 3.2 cm. Serous adenocarcinomas represented 67.8% of cases. Imaging revealed that the patients were already metastatic in 55.1 % of cases. The treatment was: chemotherapy alone in 8.8% of cases and chemotherapy associated with surgery in 40.3% of cases. Regional surgery on the ovary (in 13.6% of cases) and a tumour reduction (in 86.4% of cases) were performed. Median survival was 6 months. Overall survival at 5 years was 47.8%.Conclusion: Epithelial cancer occurs at a quite young age. Diagnosis is late. Survival is low. Optimization of diagnosis could help improve prognosis. Keywords: cancers- ovary-diagnosis-treatment -survival

Th e benign tumours of skin adnexal diagnosed in Th e benign tumours of skin adnexal diagnosed in ouagadougou: Histopathological and epidemiological ouagadougou: Histopathological and epidemiological profi leprofi

Introduction: The tumours of skin adnexal are rare and very often benign. Because of their large diversity they caused some diagnose and classification problems. They are tumours of ten mixed up with other skin tumours. The objective of this study was to study the histopathological and epidemiological profile of the benign skin adnexal tumours in Ouagadougou and to classify them according to the differenciation type in order to well know them and improve their treatment. Methodology: We conducted a retrospective study on the period of sixteen years going from 1st January 1998 to 31 December 2013. This study interested all cases of benign skin adnexal tumours histologically confirmed (diagnosed) in the three pathology laboratories of the Ouagadougou town. Results: We collected sixty cases of skin adnexal tumours on the total of 763 cases of skin tumours representing 7.8%. The benign tumours represented 86 % of the adnexal tumour cases. These tumours were occurred in the relatively young age and were preferentially located on the head (cephalic) extremity. On the histological plan, the hair follicle tumours were more frequent (42.5%) followed by sweat gland tumours (30.5%) and sebaceous gland tumours (27%). Conclusion: The annex tumours are majoritary benign occurring often on the head extremity and dominated by the hair follicle tumours

Distribution of high- and low-risk human papillomavirus genotypes and their prophylactic vaccination coverage among West African women: systematic review

Abstract Introduction The second most deadly gynecological cancer worldwide, cervical cancer is steadily on the rise in sub-Saharan Africa, while vaccination programs are struggling to get off the ground. This systematic review’s aim was to assess the prevalence and distribution of high- and low-risk HPV genotypes in West African women. Methods Original studies were retrieved from PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. In these studies, Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA was assessed in cervical samples by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Hybrid capture, and sequencing. The quality of the articles was assessed and the results were extracted and reviewed. Results Thirty-nine studies from 10 West African countries were included for the systematic review including 30 for the pooled analysis. From an overall of 17358 participants, 5126 of whom were infected with at least one HPV genotype, the systematic review showed a prevalence varying from 8.9% to 81.8% in the general population. In contrast, the pooled prevalence of infection was 28.6% (n = 3890; 95% CI 27.85–29.38), and HPV-52 (13.3%), HPV-56 (9.3%), and HPV-35 (8.2) were the most frequent. Quadrivalent and nonavalent vaccines covered 18.2% and 55.8% of identified genotypes respectively. Conclusion Faced with this growing public health challenge in West Africa, it would be necessary for all its countries to have reliable data on HPV infection and to introduce the nonavalent vaccine. A study of the genotypic distribution of HPV in high-grade precancerous lesions and cervical cancer would be very useful in West Africa

Molecular Epidemiology of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection in Burkina Faso

The aim of the present study was to determine the distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) genotypes in childbearing age women, teenage girls, HIV-infected women, women with high-grade precancerous lesions and cervical cancer, sex workers, men, and otolaryngology tumor cases in Burkina Faso. This descriptive cross-sectional study with several target groups, consisted of 2386 samples from Burkina Faso. HR-HPV genotypes were characterized using real-time multiplex PCR. The prevalence of HR-HPV ranged from 15.63 to 72.31% depending on the target population and the nature of the samples. The most predominant genotypes in descending order were HPV-56, HPV-52, HPV-39, HPV-59, HPV-51, HPV-35, HPV-31, HPV-18, HPV-68, HPV-16, HPV-66, HPV-58, HPV-45, and HPV-33. The results of the present study show a wide variation in the distribution of HR-HPV genotypes in Burkina Faso. Genotypes 16 and 18 covered by HPV vaccines only accounted for 32.23% of HR-HPV cases