Potential Management And Utilization Levels Of Decaptureus macarells In Manado Bay

This study aims to determine the meristic and morphometric characteristics of the flying catfish in Manado Bay. It is hoped that it will be useful in the optimal management process based on characteristics, and become reference material for policymakers, practitioners, and the public so that they are more concerned about the preservation of flying catfish, and serve as a basis for managing flying fish resources. Data for flying fish are taken from the Fish Auction Place (TPI), fishing boat landing sites, and several markets in Manado City. Measurement of morphometric and meristic data was carried out directly at the sampling location, including observations of fish fins and scales. Morphometric data analysis is presented in the total length frequency distribution graph. The relationship between two certain morphometric characters is determined by the formula: regression Y = a + b X and the correlation value is r to see the closeness of the relationship between the two characters. The relationship between the two calculated characters is presented in graphical form. The morphometric value of the blue swallow is obtained, namely the Y axis which is the same as FL with a value of 5.297, and the X axis which is the same as TL with a value of 0.887. Keywords: morphometrics, meristic, flying fish, Manado Bay Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui karakter meristik dan morfometrik ikan layang di Teluk Manado. Diharapkan bermanfaat dalam proses pengelolaan secara optimal berdasarkan karakteristik, dan menjadi bahan referensi bagi pengambil kebijakan, praktisi, dan masyarakat agar lebih peduli dalam pelestarian ikan layang, serta dijadikan sebagai dasar dalam pengelolaan sumber daya  ikan layang. Data ikan layang diambil dari Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI), tempat pendaratan perahu nelayan, dan beberapa pasar di Kota Manado. Pengukuran data morfometrik dan meristik dilakukan secara langsung di lokasi pengambilan sampel, termasuk pengamatan sirip dan sisik ikan. Analisis data morfometrik disajikan dalam grafik sebaran frekuensi panjang total. Hubungan antara dua karakter morfomterik tertentu ditentukan dengan rumus : regresi Y = a + b X dan nilai korelasinya yakni r untuk melihat keeratan hubungan kedua karakter. Hubungan kedua karakter yang dihitung akan disajikan dalam bentuk grafik.  morfometrik ikan layang biru diperoleh nilai yaitu sumbu Y yang sama dengan FL dengan nilai 5.297, dan sumbu X yang sama dengan TL dengan nilai 0.887.   Kata kunci: morfometrik, meristik, ikan layang, Teluk Manad

Aquatic Pollution Study Based on Analysis of Mollusk Diversity as a Bioindicator

This research aims to determine the condition of coastal water quality at Sam Ratulangi University's Marine Field Station by looking at the diversity of mollusks and the physical and chemical parameters of the waters as supporting parameters. The method used to determine the research location was the Quadratic Transect method, while to determine the sampling point the random sampling method was used, namely selecting sampling locations randomly based on areas with dominant activities. The mollusks taken are mollusks that are still alive and can be seen attached, both on the surface of the substrate and inside the substrate. Observations of the place and substrate where the individual attached/immersed themselves were carried out by measuring the water quality, where the temperature was 300C, salinity 28%0, and pH 8). The identification results obtained were 29 types. In the final step after the sample has been identified, all data obtained will be analyzed to obtain results from the research carried out. This research is expected to provide information about the condition of water pollution at Sam Ratulangi University's Marine Field Station in determining management policies and preserving the aquatic ecosystem. Keywords: Bioindicators, Molluscs, Diversity, Pollution. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi kualitas perairan pesisir Marine Field Station Universitas Sam Ratulangi dengan melihat keanekaragaman moluska serta parameter fisika kimia perairan sebagai parameter pendukung.  Metode yang digunakan dalam menentukan lokasi penelitian adalah metode Transek Kuadrat, sedangkan untuk menentukan titik pengambilan sampel digunakan metode random sampling, yaitu pemilihan lokasi pengambilan sampel secara acak berdasarkan kawasan dengan kegiatan yang dominan. Moluska yang diambil adalah Moluska dalam keadaan masih hidup yang terlihat menempel, baik di permukaan substrat maupun di dalam subtrat. Pengamatan tentang tempat maupun substrat dimana individu tersebut menempel/membenamkan diri dilakukan pengukuran kualitas air, di mana suhu 300C, salinitas 28%0 dan pH 8). Hasil  indentifikasi diperoleh sebanyak 29 jenis. Langkah terakhir setelah sampel diidentifikasi, semua data yang diperoleh akan dianalisis untuk memperoleh hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan. Penelitian ini diharapkan sebagai informasi tentang kondisi pencemaran perairan Marine Field Station Universitas Sam Ratulangi dalam penentuan kebijakan pengelolaan serta menjaga kelestarian ekosistem perairan. Kata kunci: Bioindikator, Moluska, Keanekaragaman, Pencemaran

Longitudinal Distribution and Morphometric Character of Eel at the Downstream Site of Kabur River, East Likupang, North Minahasa

Eel is a unique organism that grows in the freshwater habitat and when they have reached adult stage of life they will migrate thousands of kilometers to the sea for spawning. This research was aimed at identifying the eel species, defining the breadth composition of longitudinal distribution, describing and analyzing the relationship between length and weight (alometric, isometric growth) and the conditional factors, and determining the feeding habit of eels hauled in Kabur river, Rinondoran village, East Likupang District, North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province. The samples have been collected in April 19th 2015 based on the river length survey method. The hauling process was started at the downstream site which then headed to the upstream. The result of the research showed that there were two (2) species of eel that have been hauled they are Anguilla marmorata and Anguilla celebesensis. The value of F-count 3 ). The average condition factor of every class of the total A. marmorata length is from 0,1691 to 0,2426. In general, the kinds of food usually consumed by the eels are shrimp, worm, and crab. Based on the index of preponderance, the highest percentage of diet is crab. Therefore, crab becomes the main diet with IP value of 78,2. Keywords: Eel, size, growth, conditional factor, feeding habit   A B S T R A K   Sidat adalah organisme unik yang bersifat katadromous yaitu tumbuh di habitat air tawar dan ketika dewasa akan bermigrasi ribuan kilometer untuk mengadakan pemijahan di laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan yaitu mengidentifikasi spesies sidat, menentukan komposisi ukuran sebaran longitudinal, mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis hubungan panjang berat (pertumbuhan alometrik, isometrik) serta faktor kondisi, menentukan kebiasaan makanan sidat yang tertangkap di Sungai Kabur, Desa Rinondoran, Kecamatan Likupang Timur, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada tanggal 19 april 2015 berdasarkan metode survei sepanjang sungai. Penangkapan di mulai dari hilir sampai menuju hulu sungai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada dua spesies yang tertangkap yaitu Anguilla marmorata dan Anguilla celebesensis. Nilai F-hitung 3).  Nilai faktor kondisi rata – rata pada masing - masing selang kelas panjang total A. marmorata yaitu dengan kisaran antara 0,1691 - 0,2426. Secara keseluruhan makanan yang paling sering dijumpai pada lambung A. marmorata adalah udang, cacing, dan kepiting. Berdasarkan nilai indeks bagian terbesar (Indeks of Preponderance), persentase tertinggi terdapat pada jenis makanan yang berupa kepiting, dengan demikian kepiting menjadi makanan utama dengan nilai IP yaitu 78,2.   Kata Kunci : Sidat, ukuran, pertumbuhan, faktor kondisi, kebiasaan makanan 1Mahasiswa Program Studi MSP FPIK-UNSRAT 2Staf pengajar Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Sam Ratulang

Fish Abundance In South Poigar Rivermouth South Minahasa

The objective of the study is to know the fish individual abundance and biomass in the mouth of Poigar River. The study employed swept area method, sampling was done at high tide and low tide of a new moon and full moon phase using a beach seine. The seine covered 2700 m2 at low tide and 900 m2 at high tide. The fish catches in both moon phases and tidal conditions consisted of 40 species of 25 families and 481 individuals. Total fish weight was 3,804 g. The individual abundance in the new moon was 0.0004/m2 – 0.1200/m2, and the biomass in the new moon was 0.0002 g/m2 – 0.5044 g/m2. The individual abundance in full moon was 0.0004/m2 – 0.0622/m2, and the biomass in full moon was 0.0002 g/m2-0.4017 g/m2. As a whole, both individual abundance and biomass in new moon and full moon at were 0.3922g/m2  and 2.7778 g/m2, respectively.Keywords: abundance, biomass, river poigar.AbstrakTujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui kelimpahan individu dan biomassa penelitian ini menggunakan metode (swept area), pengambilan sampel dilakukan saat air surut dan air pasang pada fase bulan baru dan bulan purnama dengan menggunakan pukat pantai. Luas daerah sapuan pukat pada periode surut 2700 m2 dan periode pasang 900 m2. Hasil tangkapan selama dua periode bulan saat air pasang maupun air surut sebanyak 40 spesies ikan dari 25 famili, 481 individu dan berat 3804. Ki bulan baru 0,0004/m2-0,1200/m2, Kb bulan baru 0,0002g/m2-0,5044g/m2. Ki bulan purnama 0,0004/m2-0,0622/m2, Kb bulan purnama 0,0002g/m2-0,4017. Secara keseluruhan kelimpahan individu dan biomassa pada fase bulan baru dan bulan purnama saat air surut dan pasang adalah Ki sebesar 0,3922/m2 sedangkan Kb sebesar 2,7778 g/m2.kata kunci: Kelimpahan, biomassa, sungai poiga

Gastropods In Seagrass Beds Of Tongkeina Beach Waters, Manado North Sulawesi

The Tongkeina coastal waters have relatively extensive tidal areas. In addition to the seagrass community, there are also distinctive coastal communities such as mangroves and coral reefs. Coastal resources in this region are often used by the local community as a food source and have been used as a place of recreation and hotels as well. This is the reason for this study to find out the existence of gastropods on the seagrass beds in the Tongkeina area. It is expected that this study will provide information on the development and existence of the gastropods in coping with the pressure due to the construction of the hotel several years before. The methods of analysis used in this study including identification of gastropods, density, dominance, and diversity. The same research has been conducted several years before, and therefore this information was used as a comparison of the development of gastropods in the area. Thirty-five species (23 genera) were identified, with the highest density recorded was Nassarius gruneri, 0.8667 Individual/m², the dominance of 0.13972, and diversity (H'= 2.6853) which is greater than the results of the previous study 5 years ago (H’=1,9382). These results indicate that these waters are in the process of improving from previous environmental conditions.Keywords : Gastropod, coastal, domination, diversity, Tongkeina. ABSTRAKPerairan pesisir Tongkeina memiliki wilayah pasang surut relatif luas. Selain komunitas Lamun,   juga  terdapat komunitas khas wilayah pesisir lainnya seperti Mangrove dan Terumbu karang. Sumber daya pesisir di wilayah ini  sering digunakan  untuk kebutuhan makanan masyarakat, di samping itu telah dimanfaatkan sebagai tempat rekreasi dan  Hotel. Hal ini menjadi alasan untuk mengetahui keberadaan Gastropoda di hamparan Lamun di daerah Tongkeina.  Diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi perkembangan keberadaan Gastropoda, setelah melewati tekanan akibat dibangunnya hotel sejak beberapa tahun sebelumnya. Metoda analisis yaitu jenis-jenis Gastropoda, kepadatan, dominasi, dan keanekaragaman. Hal yang sama juga telah dilakukan beberapa tahun sebelumnya, sehingga informasi ini dapat dijadikan pembanding perkembangan Gastropoda di daerah tersebut. Diperoleh 35 spesies (23 genera), kepadatan tertinggi adalah Nassarius gruneri, 0.8667 Ind/m², dominasi sebesar 0.13972, dan keanekaragamannya (H’= 2.6853) lebih besar dari hasil penelitian  5 tahun sebelumnya yaitu . 1,9382. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa perairan tersebut berada dalam proses perbaikan kondisi lingkungannya.Kata Kunci : Gastropoda, pesisir, dominasi, keanekaragaman, Tongkeina

Size Structure, Growth Pattern and Factors of the Condition of Baronang Fish (Siganus canaliculatus) from Ratatotok Waters, Ratatotok District, Southeast Minahasa Regency

The purpose of this study was to determine the size stucture, growth pattern, and relative conditions of rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus). Sampling was randomly done from the catches of fishermen in fesh condition. The number of fish samples taken for analysis was 61 individuals. Their fin color was yellowish or sometimes reddish purple. Measurements found that the fish samples had length range of 127 mm - 270 mm, and weight range of 21 and 249 g. Males had size range of 131-270 mm long with a body weight of 26-249 g and females had a body length of 127-249 mm, with a  weight range of 21-191 g.Key words: Factor conditions, catches, fishermen, measurements. ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui struktur panjang, berat, pola pertumbuhan dan faktor kondisi relatif ikan Baronang (Siganus canaliculatus). Pengambilan sampel di lapangan  dilakukan dengan metoda sampling yaitu dengan cara mengambil sampel ikan secara acak dari hasil tangkapan nelayan yang masih berada dalam kondisi segar. Jumlah sampel ikan yang diambil untuk dianalisis sebanyak  61 ekor. Hasil pengukuran secara keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa ikan memiliki kisaran panjang 127 mm - 270 mm, dan berat antara 21 dan 249 g. Jantan  memiliki kisaran panjang 131-270 mm dengan berat tubuh  26-249 g, dan betina memiliki panjang tubuh 127-249 mm, dengan berat tubuh 21-191 gram.Kata kunci: Faktor kondisi, hasil tangkapan, nelayan, pengukuran

Diversity, Distribution Pattern, Morphometric of Box Mussel Septifer Bilocularis (Linnaeus, 1758) on the Reef Flat in Cape Lampangi, South Minahasa

Septifer bilocularis (Linnaeus, 1758) is a suspension feeder organisms which are found live clustered on dead coral . This study aims to estimate the average density, analyzes the distribution patterns and analyze morphometric aspects of a long-high (thick) relation, length-total weight relation and length-weight index without shell relation of S. bilocularis at that location. Sampling method using transect squares method, with the length of each line is 50m, on each transect placed 10 squares (measuring 1m x 1m). Based on the data analysis of the average density in both transect was 214 individuals with a clustered deployment pattern, with a maximum shell length of 29,64mm. The relation between length and high of shell shows that the growth is allometri negative, length and total weight shell relationships is allometri negative, where the contents of the weight index does not increase with increasing length but declined. Box mussel Septifier bilocularis live clustered with very dense aggregations in intertidal reef flat area on the intertidal zone are exposed at the lowest tide at Cape Lampangi

Longitudinal Distribution and Morphometric Character of Eel at the Downstream Site of Kabur River, East Likupang, North Minahasa

Eel is a unique organism that grows in the freshwater habitat and when they have reached adult stage of life they will migrate thousands of kilometers to the sea for spawning. This research was aimed at identifying the eel species, defining the breadth composition of longitudinal distribution, describing and analyzing the relationship between length and weight (alometric, isometric growth) and the conditional factors, and determining the feeding habit of eels hauled in Kabur river, Rinondoran village, East Likupang District, North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province. The samples have been collected in April 19th 2015 based on the river length survey method. The hauling process was started at the downstream site which then headed to the upstream. The result of the research showed that there were two (2) species of eel that have been hauled they are Anguilla marmorata and Anguilla celebesensis. The value of F-count 3 ). The average condition factor of every class of the total A. marmorata length is from 0,1691 to 0,2426. In general, the kinds of food usually consumed by the eels are shrimp, worm, and crab. Based on the index of preponderance, the highest percentage of diet is crab. Therefore, crab becomes the main diet with IP value of 78,2. Keywords: Eel, size, growth, conditional factor, feeding habit A B S T R A K Sidat adalah organisme unik yang bersifat katadromous yaitu tumbuh di habitat air tawar dan ketika dewasa akan bermigrasi ribuan kilometer untuk mengadakan pemijahan di laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan yaitu mengidentifikasi spesies sidat, menentukan komposisi ukuran sebaran longitudinal, mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis hubungan panjang berat (pertumbuhan alometrik, isometrik) serta faktor kondisi, menentukan kebiasaan makanan sidat yang tertangkap di Sungai Kabur, Desa Rinondoran, Kecamatan Likupang Timur, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada tanggal 19 april 2015 berdasarkan metode survei sepanjang sungai. Penangkapan di mulai dari hilir sampai menuju hulu sungai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada dua spesies yang tertangkap yaitu Anguilla marmorata dan Anguilla celebesensis. Nilai F-hitung 3). Nilai faktor kondisi rata – rata pada masing - masing selang kelas panjang total A. marmorata yaitu dengan kisaran antara 0,1691 - 0,2426. Secara keseluruhan makanan yang paling sering dijumpai pada lambung A. marmorata adalah udang, cacing, dan kepiting. Berdasarkan nilai indeks bagian terbesar (Indeks of Preponderance), persentase tertinggi terdapat pada jenis makanan yang berupa kepiting, dengan demikian kepiting menjadi makanan utama dengan nilai IP yaitu 78,2

Community of Starfish in the Coastal Area of Mokupa Village, Sub-district of Tombariri, Minahasa District, North Sulawesi Utara

This study was carried out in the coastal waters of Mokupa, Tombariri District, Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province. It was aimed to know the sea star community. The study was beneficial as information source of the sea star. Data collection employed a quadrat-transect method in new moon and full moon. There were 3 sampling points randomly selected. Each transect was placed 10 1x1 m quadrats along 100 m-transect seaward. The species found were Protoreaster nodosus, Linckia laevigata, Archaster typicus, Culcita novaeguineae, Pentaster obtusatus. Higher mean number was found in new moon than in full moon. The dominant species in Mokupa waters was Protoreaster nodosus

Allometry Analysis and Physiological Index of Sea Urchin Heliocidaris Crassispina (a. Agassiz, 1864) (Camarodonta, Echinometridae) on the Reef Flat in Tongkeina and Malalayang Dua, Manado, Sulawesi

The purpose of this study was to analysis the structure of the size, morphometry (test diameter-high relationship, test diameter-weight relationship) as well as gonad indices, intestine indices, and Aristotle lantern indices of Heliocidaris crassispina in two different habitats, Malalayang Dua and Tongkeina. At each habitat, free sampling on the reef flat have be done one time for approximately two hours at the lowest tide. The abundance of individuals H. crassispina in Malalayang Dua was much lower than in Tongkeina. The means diameter of sea urchins test were not significantly different between habitats. The comparison of regression lines of both diameter-high and diameter-weight relationships were not differ significantly between habitats. Its morphometry reveal an isometric relationship of high-diameter (slope = 1) in both habitats, while the relationship of weight-diameter reveals a negative allometric growth (slope < 3) in Tongkeina but isometric growth in Malalayang Dua. The gonad index in Malalayang Dua was higher than in Tongkeina. The intestine index in Tongkeina was higher than in Malalayang Dua. The lantera index in Tongkeina was higher than in Malalayang Dua. The difference in abundance of sea urchins and the acquisition of the energetic value of food presumably serve as the factors affecting the differences of these indices and its weight growth pattern. _______________________________________________________________