Global Contamination Trends of Persistent Organic Chemicals

Environmental pollution by man-made persistent organic chemicals (POCs) has been a serious global issue for over half a century. Exposure to certain POCs may result in environmental and health effects including skin disorders, liver damage, birth defects, brain development, and certain types of cancers. Global Contamination Trends of Persistent Organic Chemicals provides comprehensive coverage of spatial and temporal trends of classical and emerging contaminants in aquatic, terrestrial, and marine ecosystems, including the Arctic and Antarctic ecosystems

Determination and comparison of freely dissolved PAHs using different types of passive samplers in freshwater

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are well-known for their recalcitrant properties and biotoxicity in organisms, leading to serious environmental and health problems. Despite various analytical methods available, accurate determination of the bioavailable fraction is warranted in order to evaluate the precise toxic potentials of these compounds. Currently, the passive sampler is used worldwide to measure the bioavailable PAHs in the environment using the equilibrium partitioning principle. In this study, we co-deployed different types of passive samplers, which are linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE), to determine freely dissolved concentrations (Cfree) of PAHs using the performance reference compounds (PRCs) in Kentucky Lake (KL), Ohio River (OH), and Mississippi River (MS). The fractional equilibrium (feq) of BeP-d12 was observed to be high in LLDPE compared with LDPE in OH and MS. In contrast, the feq of all PRCs was similar in both passive samplers in KL due to slow flow velocity. The sum of average freely dissolved PAH concentrations in LLDPE and LDPE during the exposure period were 2.89 and 1.27 ng/L in KL, 8.13 and 3.31 ng/L in OH, and 5.19 and 3.82 ng/L in MS, respectively. The results revealed that LLDPE is a suitable alternative tool to LDPE for both short-term and long-term monitoring of PAHs

HCH and DDT Residues in Indian Soil: Atmospheric Input and Risk Assessment

HCH and DDT Residues in Indian Soil: Atmospheric Input and Risk Assessment

Polychlorinated biphenyls, Polybrominated biphenyls, Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and Polychlorinated dibenzofurans

Environmental contamination levels, human exposure, toxicokinetics, and health effects of PCBs, PBBs, PCDDs/PCDFs are discussed

Persistent Organic Chemicals in the Environment: Status and Trends in the Pacific Basin Countries II Temporal Trends

Environmental pollution by man-made Persistent Organic Chemicals (POCs) has been a serious global issue for over half a century. Exposure to POCs may result in health effects, including, endocrine disruption leading to birth defects, intellectual disability, low testosterone, childhood obesity, autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Therefore, POCs have been the subject of an intensive regional, national, and international efforts to limit the production, use, and disposal of these chemicals. Since POCs are ubiquitous and recalcitrant, and cause long-term effects on wildlife and humans, trend monitoring studies are valuable in making clear the behavior and fate of these compounds and to protect our environment and living resources. The Pacific Basin is a unique geographical region representing tropical, temperate and polar zones. This region is home to 2/3 of the world’s population and consists of rapidly growing economies (countries) and highly developed countries. Due to this diversity of climatic and socio-economic conditions, environment and biota in different countries in this basin have varying degrees of environmental contamination and effects on wildlife and humans. The Pacific Rim countries play a pivotal role in governing global POC contamination and resulting harmful health effects. Because articles on POCs and their effect on environment and health are published in a large number of different journals, it is useful to have a book that includes original papers and reviews on the latest advances by well-known scientists in the field, especially focusing on the countries in the Pacific Rim

Persistent Organic Chemicals in the Environment: Status and Trends in the Pacific Basin Countries I Contamination Status

Environmental pollution by man-made Persistent Organic Chemicals (POCs) has been a serious global issue for over half a century. Exposure to POCs may result in health effects, including, endocrine disruption leading to birth defects, intellectual disability, low testosterone, childhood obesity, autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Therefore, POCs have been the subject of an intensive regional, national, and international efforts to limit the production, use, and disposal of these chemicals. Since POCs are ubiquitous and recalcitrant, and cause long-term effects on wildlife and humans, trend monitoring studies are valuable in making clear the behavior and fate of these compounds and to protect our environment and living resources. The Pacific Basin is a unique geographical region representing tropical, temperate and polar zones. This region is home to 2/3 of the world’s population and consists of rapidly growing economies (countries) and highly developed countries. Due to this diversity of climatic and socio-economic conditions, environment and biota in different countries in this basin have varying degrees of environmental contamination and effects on wildlife and humans. The Pacific Rim countries play a pivotal role in governing global POC contamination and resulting harmful health effects. Because articles on POCs and their effect on environment and health are published in a large number of different journals, it is useful to have a book that includes original papers and reviews on the latest advances by well-known scientists in the field, especially focusing on the countries in the Pacific Rim

Water Challenges and Solutions on a Global Scale

Water isthe most crucial material for human survival, after air. Without water, life would not be possible. It is important to know how much water is available to us and how much water is polluted. We need to monitor pollutants vigorously, both at point and nonpointsources, using advanced analytical techniquesthat can monitor ultratrace amounts of contaminants. Water reclamation is an absolute necessity today because we have contaminated our surface water, and even groundwater in some cases, to a point that it is not clean enough for drinking or cooking. Most importantly, we have to use water judiciously and reclaim water that is contaminated. This book provides information on various global water challenges and solutions