FLAIR Brain MRIs scans from two of the patients with notch 3 mutations.

<p>The upper panel 1 shows images from patient 1 (R169C), and the lower panel two shows images from patient 2 panel 2 (C1222G). These show leukoaraiosis in both cases (images C and D) but minimal anterior pole involvement in patient 1 (image upper panel A) and no involvement in patient 2 (image lower panel A). Patient 1 also shows confluent external capsule involvement (image B), but this is absent from patient 4 (lower panel B).</p

Characteristics of patients with a <i>NOTCH3</i> mutation.

<p>Abbreviations: WMH, white matter hyperintensities; NA, not available.</p><p>Characteristics of patients with a <i>NOTCH3</i> mutation.</p

Brain MRI (T2-Weighted) of the patient carrying the <i>GLA</i> mutation R118C.

<p>Two lacunes are present in the right caudate nucleus and external capsule (C). An area of white matter hyperintensity is present in the peripheral right posterior frontal white matter (D). There were no abnormalities in the posterior circulation.</p

Patient characteristics.

<p>Abbreviations: SD: standard deviation; IQR: interquartile range.</p><p>^a Gradient echo imaging was available in 339 (34%) patients.</p><p>Patient characteristics.</p

Baseline characteristics of patients.

<p>Abbreviations: TIA, transient ischemic attack; SD, standard deviation; NIHSS, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; IQR, interquartile range; TOAST, Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment.</p><p>Data are given as number (percentage) or otherwise stated</p>*<p>Scores range from 0 to 42 with higher scores on the scale indicating worse stroke severity. 0.5% of NIHSS was missing.</p>†<p>Smoking was defined as smoking at least 1 cigarette a day in the year prior to the event. 1.9% of data on smoking was missing.</p>‡<p>Excess alcohol consumption was defined as consuming more than 200 grams of pure alcohol per week</p>§<p>First degree family member. 0.9% of data on family history of diabetes was missing.</p

Presence of baseline factors in patients with incident diabetes or impaired fasting glucose at follow-up.

<p>Abbreviations: IFG, impaired fasting glucose; TIA, transient ischemic attack; SD, standard deviation; NIHSS, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; IQR, interquartile range; TOAST, Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment.</p><p>Data are given as number (percentage) or otherwise stated</p>*<p><i>p</i> values refer to a comparison between patients with incident diabetes and patients with no IFG or diabetes</p>†<p><i>p</i> values refer to a comparison between patients with IFG and patients with no IFG or diabetes</p>‡<p>Scores range from 0 to 42 with higher scores on the scale indicating worse stroke severity. 0.4% of NIHSS was missing.</p>§<p>Smoking was defined as smoking at least 1 cigarette a day in the year prior to the event. 2.9% of data on smoking was missing.</p>||<p>Excess alcohol consumption was defined as consuming more than 200 grams of pure alcohol per week</p>¶<p>First degree family member. 1.0% of data on family history of diabetes was missing.</p

Comparisons between hemispheric stroke patients with normal ipsilateral hippocampal volume and high versus low ipsilateral hippocampal MD.

<p>Data are presented as number or adjusted mean (±SEM).</p><p>^aComparison between left-hemispheric stroke patients with low left hippocampal MD versus high left hippocampal MD.</p><p>^bComparison between right-hemispheric stroke patients with low right hippocampal MD versus high right hippocampal MD. For the analyses on hippocampal volume we adjusted for age, sex, and follow-up duration. For the analyses on ipsilateral hippocampal MD we additionally adjusted for ipsilateral hippocampal volume. For the analyses on immediate and delayed verbal recall we adjusted for age, sex, education, follow-up duration, and ipsilateral hippocampal volume.</p><p>MD = Mean Diffusivity.</p><p>Comparisons between hemispheric stroke patients with normal ipsilateral hippocampal volume and high versus low ipsilateral hippocampal MD.</p

Lesion probability maps in patients with left-hemispheric stroke, right-hemispheric stroke, and infratentorial stroke.

<p>The color overlay created on top of the Montreal Neurologic Institute (MNI) standard brain template shows the probability of each voxel containing a lesion in each patient group. The color bar denotes the probability range.</p

Demographic and clinical characteristics of ischemic stroke patients and controls.

<p>Data are expressed as mean (SD), number (%), or median (Q1–Q3).</p><p>NIHSS = National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale</p><p>mRS = modified Rankin Scale.</p><p>HADS = Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale</p><p>CIS-20R = Checklist Individual Strength.</p><p>TOAST = Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment.</p><p>Missing data in patients: education = 0.7%, NIHSS at admission = 1.4%</p><p>HADS-depressive symptoms = 0.7%, CIS-20R = 0.7%.</p><p>^aStroke could be located in more than one region in a patient.</p><p>^bGroup comparisons between the three groups of patients (left/right/infratentorial stroke).</p><p>Demographic and clinical characteristics of ischemic stroke patients and controls.</p