Structural performance of waste plastic bottles modified asphalt: A review

The usage of plastic materials in our daily life is increasing day by day. These plastic materials are somehow beneficial for us, but the disposal of waste plastic materials has become a serious problem. The use of plastic not only enhances road construction but also helps extend the life of roads and improves the environment. Waste plastics use in roads increases durability and also reduces water retention. This research reviews the use of waste plastics in asphalt pavement. In this study, the properties such as Marshall stability, flow, resilient modulus, fatigue, etc., are studied to boost the usage of waste plastic in asphalt pavements. It is concluded that with the use of waste plastic in asphalt pavement, the quality of roads will be enhanced, and it will also be very beneficial for our environment. The other major advantage is that it will be very cost-effective for underdeveloped countries.Web of Science121art. no. 1

Structural Performance of Waste Plastic Bottles Modified Asphalt: A Review

The usage of plastic materials in our daily life is increasing day by day. These plastic materials are somehow beneficial for us, but the disposal of waste plastic materials has become a serious problem. The use of plastic not only enhances road construction but also helps extend the life of roads and improves the environment. Waste plastics use in roads increases durability and also reduces water retention. This research reviews the use of waste plastics in asphalt pavement. In this study, the properties such as Marshall stability, flow, resilient modulus, fatigue, etc., are studied to boost the usage of waste plastic in asphalt pavements. It is concluded that with the use of waste plastic in asphalt pavement, the quality of roads will be enhanced, and it will also be very beneficial for our environment. The other major advantage is that it will be very cost-effective for underdeveloped countries

Multidimensional poverty vis-à-vis climate change vulnerability: Empirical evidence from flood-prone rural communities of Charsadda and Nowshera districts in Pakistan

Pakistan is among the top five countries that have been severely impacted by extreme weather events. Its population, a majority of which is poor, is highly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. This study aims to examine the correlation between multidimensional poverty and climate change vulnerability in the rural areas of the Nowshera and Charsadda districts of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Data were collected from 452 households through a pre-tested questionnaire that assessed poverty and climate change vulnerability. The multidimensional poverty index, based on the United Nations Development Programme and Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative, was used to determine poverty levels, while the livelihood and climate change vulnerability indices were developed to quantify the level of climate change vulnerability. The results of the study revealed that half of the population in the study area falls below the multidimensional poverty threshold. Nowshera had a higher number of multidimensionally poor people, and the intensity of poverty was greater than in Charsadda. Nowshera was found to be more deprived in all three dimensions of poverty, i.e., education, health, and standard of living. However, in terms of climate change vulnerability, Charsadda lagged behind in the dimensions of livelihood strategies, social networks, socio-demographic profiles, and food. On the other hand, Nowshera was found to be more vulnerable in the dimensions of natural assets, financial assets, and health. Overall, the results showed that Nowshera was more vulnerable to floods compared to Charsadda. The study found a strong positive correlation between the multidimensional poverty index and the climate change vulnerability indices, implying a close relationship between the two concepts