Victimization and peer and parents attachment: The mediating effect of regulatory emotional self-efficacy

Studies of the Spanish adolescent population has concluded that victimization is related to lack of emotional regulation and impulse control. Therefore, if a victim is unable to recognize, understand and regulate their emotions, this can result in rejection by their peers. A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine regulatory emotional self-efficacy as a possible mediator in the association between peer and parents attachment and victimization. Adolescents (n = 563) completed Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy, Inventory of Parents and Peer Attachment and Kid at School questionnaires. Structural equation models (SEMs) were used to predict a latent variable of victimization with parents and peer attachment, emphasizing the mediating role of regulatory emotional self-efficacy, as comprised by a positive and a negative aspect. Results showed that peer attachment had an indirect negative effect, through perceived self-efficacy, in managing a positive effect in victimization, while father attachment had an indirect negative affect, through perceived self-efficacy, in managing a negative affect in victimization, and Mother attachment had no statistically significant indirect effect in victimization. This study suggests that the roles of parents and peers, and also between mothers and fathers, are different in relation to the perception of victimization of adolescents. Findings provide relevant information regarding implications for prevention and intervention in victimization

Disability and perceived stress in primary care patients with major depression

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent in the Spanish primary care (PC) setting and the leading cause of disability in Spain. The aim of this study was to evaluate several key psychometric properties of the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) in patients with or without MDD and varying degrees of symptom severity using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Method: A total of 1, 704 PC patients participating in the PsicAP clinical trial completed the SDS and PHQ-9. We evaluated the factor structure, measurement invariance across gender, internal consistency, and the discriminative and predictive validity. Results: Confirmatory factor analyses revealed a unifactorial model of the SDS containing 4 items (SDS-4) with the best model fit (CFI: .99; GFI: .99; TLI: 96; RMSEA: .10). This model contained the three life domain items (work, family, and social life) plus perceived stress (PS) with significant loadings. The internal consistency of the SDS-4 was acceptable in patients with or without MDD, regardless of symptom severity. The SDS-4 also showed good discriminative capacity and acceptable predictive validity in all subsamples. Conclusions: These findings support the use of the SDS-4 to assess depression-related disability in patients at Spanish primary care centres

Discapacidad y estrés percibido en pacientes de atención primaria con depresión mayor

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent in the Spanish primary care (PC) setting and the leading cause of disability in Spain. The aim of this study was to evaluate several key psychometric properties of the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) in patients with or without MDD and varying degrees of symptom severity using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Method: A total of 1,704 PC patients participating in the PsicAP clinical trial completed the SDS and PHQ-9. We evaluated the factor structure, measurement invariance across gender, internal consistency, and the discriminative and predictive validity. Results: Confirmatory factor analyses revealed a unifactorial model of the SDS containing 4 items (SDS-4) with the best model fit (CFI: .99; GFI: .99; TLI: 96; RMSEA: .10). This model contained the three life domain items (work, family, and social life) plus perceived stress (PS) with significant loadings. The internal consistency of the SDS-4 was acceptable in patients with or without MDD, regardless of symptom severity. The SDS-4 also showed good discriminative capacity and acceptable predictive validity in all subsamples. Conclusions: These findings support the use of the SDS-4 to assess depression-related disability in patients at Spanish primary care centres.Antecedentes: el Trastorno Depresivo Mayor (TDM) es muy prevalente en la atención primaria (AP) española y es la principal causa de discapacidad en España. En este trabajo se estudiaron algunas propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Discapacidad de Sheehan (SDS) en pacientes con o sin TDM y con varios niveles de severidad de síntomas, usando el Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Método: 1.704 pacientes de AP que participaron en el ensayo clínico PsicAP cumplimentaron la SDS y el PHQ-9. Se estudió la estructura factorial, medida de invarianza de género, consistencia interna, validez discriminativa y la validez predictiva. Resultados: el análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró un modelo unifactorial con 4 ítems (SDS-4) con un buen ajuste (CFI: .99; GFI: .99; TLI: 96; RMSEA: .10). Este modelo contenía los tres ítems de esferas de la vida (trabajo, familia y vida social) más el ítem de estrés percibido con cargas significativas. La consistencia interna de la SDS-4 fue aceptable en pacientes con MDD y con diferente severidad de síntomas depresivos. También se halló una buena validez discriminativa y aceptable validez predictiva. Conclusiones: nuestros hallazgos respaldan el uso de la SDS-4 cuando se evalúe la discapacidad relacionada con la depresión en centros de AP españoles.Agencia Estatal de Investigación (PSI2012-36589).Fundación Española para la Promoción y el Desarrollo Científico y Profesional de la Psicología.Agencia Estatal de Investigación (SI2014-56368-R).3.890 JCR (2020) Q2, 30/140 Psychology, Multidisciplinary1.308 SJR (2020) Q1, 42/263 Psychology (miscellaneous)2,959 IDR (2020) C1, 4/59 PsicologíaUE