Influence of estimated training status on anti and pro-oxidant activity, nitrite concentration, and blood pressure in middle-aged and older women

The purpose of this study was to compare the association between anti and pro-oxidant activity, nitrite concentration, and blood pressure (BP) in middle-aged and older women with different levels of estimated training status (TS). The sample consisted of 155 females (50-84 years) who were submitted to a physical examination to evaluate estimated TS through the "Functional Fitness Battery Test," BP measurements, and plasma blood samples to evaluate pro-oxidant and antioxidant activity and nitrite concentrations. Participants were separated by age into a middle-aged group (< 65 years) and an older (≥65 years) group and then subdivided in each group according to TS. Blood biochemistry was similar between groups. On the other hand, protein oxidation was lower in participants with higher TS, independent of age. Older females with higher TS presented higher nitrite concentrations, lower lipoperoxidation, and lower values of BP compared with those with lower TS. Lower GPx activity was observed in participants with higher TS compared with middle-aged with lower TS. Thus, our results suggest that good levels of TS may be associated with lower oxidative stress and higher nitrite concentration and may contribute to maintain normal or reduced blood pressure values.Fil: Jacomini, André M.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Dias, Danielle da Silva. Universidade Nove de Julho; BrasilFil: Brito, Janaina de Oliveira. Universidade Nove de Julho; BrasilFil: da Silva, Roberta F.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Monteiro, Henrique L.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Llesuy, Susana Francisca. Universidade Nove de Julho; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad Medicina. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular; ArgentinaFil: De Angelis, Kátia. Universidade Nove de Julho; BrasilFil: Amaral, Sandra L.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Zago, Anderson S.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasi

Time course changes of oxidative stress markers in a rat experimental glaucoma model

PURPOSE. To evaluate the relationship between oxidative stress arkers and increased intraocular pressure in experimental laucoma. METHODS. In vivo chemiluminescence (CL), total antioxidant apacity (TRAP), nitrite concentration (NC), and lipid peroxidation arkers (TBARS) were evaluated. Wistar rats (n = 18 for ach time point) underwent operation, and two episcleral eins were cauterized. ESULTS. Decreases of 22%, 35%, and 27% at 7, 15, and 30 days nd an increase of 22% at 60 days in CL were observed in laucomatous eyes. In optic nerve, TBARS values were 6.9 ± 0.5 nmol/mg protein (7 days), 9.4 ± 0.4 nmol/mg protein (15 ays), 18.0 ±1.2 nmol/mg protein (30 days), and 43.1 ± 5.3 nmol/mg protein (60 days) (control, 6.2 ± 0.4 nmol/mg protein; P < 0.001). NC was 37.0 ± 1.8 μM (7 days), 31.4 ± 1.2 μM (15 days), 39.6 ± 1.3 μM (30 days), and 40.0 ± 1.3 μM (60 days) (control, 21.1 ± 1.7 μM; P < 0.001). In glaucomatous vitreous humor, TRAP decreased by 42% at 15 days and 78% at 60 days (control, 414 ± 29 μM; P < 0.001). In glaucomatous aqueous humor, TRAP values were 75 ± 7 μM (7 days), 54 ±4 μM (15 days), 25 ± 4 μM (30 days), and 50 ± 3 μM (60 days) (control, 90 ±10 μM; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS. Reactive species were increased in glaucoma, as evidenced by the increases in CL, TBARS, and NC. The decrease in the antioxidant levels may be a consequence of an increase in oxidative processes.Fil: Ferreira, Sandra María. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica. Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica; ArgentinaFil: Fabián Lerner, S.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica. Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica; ArgentinaFil: Brunzini, Ricardo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica. Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica; ArgentinaFil: Reides, Claudia Gabriela. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica. Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica; ArgentinaFil: Evelson, Pablo Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad Medicina. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Llesuy, Susana Francisca. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad Medicina. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular; Argentin

Evidence that oxidative stress is increased in patients with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy

AbstractX-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a hereditary disorder of peroxisomal metabolism biochemically characterized by the accumulation of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA), particularly hexacosanoic acid (C26:0) and tetracosanoic acid (C24:0) in different tissues and in biological fluids. The disease is clinically characterized by central and peripheral demyelination and adrenal insufficiency, which is closely related to the increased concentrations of these fatty acids. However, the mechanisms underlying the brain damage in X-ALD are poorly known. Considering that free radical generation is involved in various neurodegererative disorders, like Parkinson disease, multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease, in the present study we evaluated various oxidative stress parameters, namely chemiluminescence, thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBA-RS), total radical-trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP), and total antioxidant reactivity (TAR) in plasma of X-ALD patients, as well as the activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in erythrocytes and fibroblasts from these patients. It was verified a significant increase of plasma chemiluminescence and TBA-RS, reflecting induction of lipid peroxidation, as well as a decrease of plasma TAR, indicating a deficient capacity to rapidly handle an increase of reactive species. We also observed a significant increase of erythrocytes GPx activity and of catalase and SOD activities in fibroblasts from the patients studied. It is therefore proposed that oxidative stress may be involved in pathophysiology of X-ALD