Laterally variable development of a basin-wide transgressive unit of the North Dalmatian foreland basin (Eocene, Dinarides, Croatia)

The Palaeogene Promina Beds (PB), exposed in the Dinaric coastal range, is about a 2km thick heterogeneous succession representing a late sedimentary fill of the North Dalmatian foreland basin. The paper  focuses on the middle part of the PB represented by a prominent transgressive unit. The study of this unit is based on field mapping, logging and facies analysis, as well as the investigation of stratigraphic surfaces and facies successions. The unit extends for more than 63km, along the entire basin. Deposition began transgressively over both alluvial deposits of the Lower PB and older basin basement. Along its extent the studied unit may be represented either by stacked (high-frequency), marine transgressive-regressive cycles, by lacustrine deposits, mainly limestones, or by a single, marine limestone unit. An ideal transgressive-regressive cycle includes a transgressive segment of limestones, and a regressive segment of storm-wave dominated shelf to gravelly beachface (coarsening-upward) deposits. Gravelly beaches are represented by several types. One of them included the steeply inclined, lower beachface which is situated below the intertidal zone. The cycles are separated by lower-rank discontinuity surfaces (flooding surfaces), while their two segments are separated by a lower-rank transgressive-regressive turnaround surface. Lacustrine deposits originated due to a rise in groundwater induced by a sea-level rise basinwards. The deposition of a single limestone unit resulted from a transgressive onlap over uplifted, Eocene and Cretaceous carbonates of the basin basement. The end of the transgression is marked by condensation processes indicated by glauconite, skeletal debris, planktonic foraminifera and hardgrounds, and a major transgressive-regressive turnaround. The subsequent evolution is almost uniform along the entire extent of the studied unit, and includes shelf to delta and shelf to beach cycles of the highstand. The studied allostratigraphic unit is here given a formal name: the Novigrad Alloformation.   </p

Najmlađi stadij u razvitku Dinarske karbonatne platforme: Gornji Numulitni Vapnenci u predgornom bazenu sjeverne Dalmacije, srednji Eocen, Hrvatska

The paper provides a description of the poorly known Upper Nummulitic Limestones exposed in the North Dalmatian foreland basin of the Outer Dinarides in Croatia. This formation originated on a land-attached ramp-type platform with a temperate sediment production. It transgressively overlies older platform limestones and includes limestones deposited in very shallow, restricted settings, which subsequently evolved into carbonate platform environments typified by diversified biota. The succession terminated at a drowning unconformity, which is intra-Bartonian (Middle Eocene) in age based on biostratigraphic interpretations of the larger foraminifera present. This study demonstrates that the history of the carbonate platform of the Outer Dinarides extends into the Bartonian and that the studied limestones document the youngest, hitherto unknown stage in the platform development. The SW margin of the Upper Nummulitic platform was dissected by faults and prone to collapse, which represented the source for megabreccias deposited in an adjacent basin. This platform-basin system represents a new element in the sedimentary and tectonic evolution of the Dinaric foreland.Ovaj prilog dobavlja opis slabo poznatih Gornjih Numulitnih Vapnenaca iz sjeverno-dalmatinskog predgornog bazena Vanjskih Dinarida Hrvatske. Ta formacija nastala je na platformi tipa rampe, koja je pripadala umjerenoj sedimentacijskoj provinciji. Ona transgresivno naliježe na starije platformske vapnence i početno uključuje vapnence taložene u vrlo plitkim, ograničenim uvjetima, a zatim vapnence s diverzificiranom biotom. Slijed se svršava tonjenjem (tzv. drowning unconformity), koje se dogodilo unutar Bartonija na što upućuje biostratigrafija nađenih velikih foraminifera. Ova studija pokazuje da se povijest karbonatne platforme Vanjskih Dinarida proteže i u Bartonij, te da proučeni vapnenci dokumentiraju najmlađi, dosad nepoznati stadij u razvitku platforme. Jugozapadni rub Gornjo-numulitne platform bio je zasječen rasjedima i sklon kolabiranju te je pretstavljao izvor za megabreče taložene u susjednom bazenu. Taj sustav platforma-bazen pretstavlja novi element za razmatranje taložnog i tektonskog razvitka Dinarskoga predgorja

Glavni događaji i stadiji u sedimentarnom razvitku paleogenskog bazena Promine (Dinaridi, Hrvatska)

A study of sedimentary successions in different parts of the Eocene-Oligocene Promina basin has revealed major changes in the evolution of upper Promina Beds (PB). The first one refers to the origin of the erosional surface cutting different units ranging from Cretaceous limestones to different parts of older PB. It was formed during the fall of relative sea-level, and corresponds to a sequence boundary. This surface is overlain by onlapping alluvial sediments during the lowest relative sea level, and its early rise. The next main event is marked by a transgressive surface above the alluvium, that led to the deposition of shallow-marine limestones with diverse biota in the photic zone, as well as their lagoonal equivalents. This change resulted from an increase in accommodation space outpacing the rate of sediment supply. A further change refers to the deposition of mud with planktonic foraminifera on an outer shelf resulting from a further rise in the relative sea-level, which halted deposition of shallow-water limestones. The subsequent progradation of shelf and delta was related to the slowing down of the creation of accommodation space compared to the increase of sediment supply.Istraživanje taložnih sukcesija u raznim dijelovima eocensko-oligocenskog bazena Promine pokazalo je glavne promjene u razvitku mlađih naslaga Promine. Prva se odnosi na postanak erozijske plohe, koja siječe razne jedinice, od krednih vapnenaca do raznih dijelova starijih naslaga Promine. Ona je nastala u vrijeme pada relativne morske razine i odgovara sekvencijskoj granici. Na toj plohi naklopno se slažu aluvijalni sedimenti u vrijeme najniže relativne morske razine i njena ranog rasta. Naredni glavni događaj označuje transgresivna ploha na aluviju. On je doveo do taloženja vapnenaca sa diverzificiranom biotom u fotičkoj zoni, kao i njihovih lagunarnih ekvivalenata. Uzrok te promjene je u porastu akomodacijskog prostora, koji je nadišao brzinu prinosa sedimenta. Sljedeća promjena odnosi se na taloženje mulja s planktonskim foraminiferama na vanjskomu šelfu, što je posljedica rasta relativne morske razine, koji je prekinuo taloženje plitkovodnih vapnenaca. Tomu je slijedila progradacija šelfa i delte, što je bilo vezano za usporenje stvaranja akomodacijskog prostora u odnosu na brzinu prinosa sedimenta

Evolucija riječno hranjene ispune predgornog bazena: novi uvid u fliš sjeverne Dalmacije (Eocen, Vanjski Dinaridi)

The sedimentary evolution of the Eocene, Outer Dinaric foreland basin of N Dalmatia began with carbonate deposition on a retreating foreland ramp. The clastic deposition starts with an early or flysch stage represented by orogen-related, river-fed, distal prodelta sand lobes, and associated hemipelagites. The subsequent, filling stage reflects the shallowing caused by the progradation of the proximal prodelta. It is followed by deposition in front of the braidplain delta or braid deltas, which might have resulted from the continuation of the filling stage, or possibly indicates the steady state (filled stage). This sedimentary evolution is comparable to the evolutionary trend typical for peripheral foreland basins, especially those of the alpine realm, and is closely related to the foreland and orogen tectonic evolution. The clastic deposition mainly occurred from flood-generated density underflows ensuing from multiple delta outlets. These flows may have been influenced by oscillatory flows. The relevant drainage basin was characterised by intense erosion in a mountainous area, related to active compressional tectonics in the rising orogen, and by powerful streams.Taložna evolucija eocenskog predgornog bazena Vanjskih Dinarida u sjevernoj Dalmaciji započinje karbonatnom sedimentacijom na predgornoj rampi, koja se povlačila. Klastična sedimentacija počinje s ranim ili fliškim stadijem, koji je predstavljen distalnim, prodeltnim pješčanim režnjevima s pridruženim hemipelagitima, koji su vezani za orogen i hranjeni rijekama. Naredni stadij punjenja odražava se u oplićavanju, koje je izazvala progradacija proksimalne prodelte. Slijedi taloženje ispred delti pletenih ravnica ili pletenih delti, što je vjerojatni nastavak stadija punjenja ili možda upućuje na stabilno stanje (ispunjeni stadij). Ovakva taložna evolucija može se usporediti s evolucijskim stilom, kakav je tipičan za periferne predgorne bazene, osobito one alpske domene, i usko je povezana s tektonskim razvitkom predgorja i orogena. Glavni procesi taloženja klastita bili su vezani za guste tokove niz dno, koji su nastajali iz poplava i proizlazili iz brojnih deltnih ušća. Ti tokovi mogli su biti utjecani oscilatornim tokovima. Odnosni riječni sliv označavala je snažna erozija u planinskim predjelima, što je bilo vezano za aktivnu kompresijsku tektoniku uzdizanog orogena i snažne tekućice

Uplifted Pleistocene marine sediments of the Central Adriatic Island of Brusnik

The Island of Brusnik, located in the Central Adriatic Sea, is mainly known for its Triassic igneous rocks. However, it also contains Pleistocene conglomerates, limestones and Neptunian dikes, as well as Holocene rock debris, soil, and beach gravels. Quaternary sediments unconformably overlie tectonically disturbed Triassic basement. The majority of Pleistocene limestones, as well as the matrix of the conglomerates, are predominantly bioclastic grainstones and rudstones. Gastropod shells in these sediments retain their original aragonite mineralogy, and may also display their original colours. The majority of the conglomerates and limestones originated in lower beachface and shoreface environments. Similar sediments have not been identifi ed in the surrounding area and the Dinarides in general. Some of the Pleistocene sediments originated during MIS 5e of the Last Interglacial based on radiometric evidence. The island experienced uplift of about 30m during the Middle and Late Pleistocene and this process probably continued in the postglacial period. The combination of uplift and cyclic sea-level changes is envisaged to have resulted in an overall downstepping pattern of the Pleistocene deposits.

Slijed pleistocenskih kopnenih sedimenata s morskim fosilima na otoku Mljetu, istočni Jadran (Hrvatska)

Small areas of Pleistocene sands occurring on islands in the eastern Adriatic, Croatia, record environmental and depositional conditions during climate changes of that period. The Pleistocene deposits of the Island of Mljet located in the south-eastern Adriatic have been studied using mapping, logging, facies analysis, petrography, heavy minerals and fossil content. The studied sediments include modified deposits, aeolian deposits and fluvial deposits. Modified sediments originated from previously deposited sands and minor gravels which experienced pedogenic homogenisation. Aeolian deposits are represented by deflationary gravel, dune cross-stratified sands and low-angle laminated sands. Aeolian sands were mostly sourced from exposed, shallow-marine sands. Fluvial deposits include gravels reworked from the slope and colluvial sediments related to the carbonate bedrock, and recycled aeolian sands, which were deposited by high-gradient streams. Two tephra horizons represent former sand-grade volcaniclastic material reworked by streams, mixed with aeolian sand and deposited from river floods shortly after eruption and ash fall. The studied succession includes major stratigraphic surfaces (=super bounding surfaces) related to processes of landscape stabilisation and stratigraphic gaps. The lower, modified part of the succession originated during an interglacial (or interstadial) period. Subsequent aeolian sands reflect the onset of a glacial period characterised by strong, cold winds, and an initial sea-level fall which resulted in the exposure of shallow-marine sands, making them a source for the aeolian sands. It is tentatively proposed that the base of the aeolian deposits corresponds to the onset of the Last Glacial period.Male pojave pleistocenskih pijesaka na otocima istočnoga Jadrana Hrvatske bilježe okolišne i taložne uvjete u vrijeme klimatskih promjena toga razdoblja. Pleistocenski sedimenti otoka Mljeta, koji je smješten u jugoistočnom Jadranu, proučeni su pomoću kartiranja, mjerenja stupova, analize faciesa, petrografije, teških minerala i fosila. Proučeni sedimenti obuhvaćaju modificirane taložine, eolske taložine i fluvijalne taložine. Modificirani sedimenti nastali su iz ranije taloženih pijesaka i manje šljunaka, koji su pedogenetski homogenizirani. Eolski sediment su deflacijski šljunak, križno-stratificirani pijesci dina i nisko-kutno laminirani pijesci. Eolski pijesci većinom potječu iz okopnjenih orskih pijesaka. Fluvijalni sedimenti uključuju šljunke riječno prerađene iz padinskih i koluvijalnih taložina vezanih za karbonatno gorje, te reciklirane eolske pijeske, koji su, jedni i drugi, taloženi iz struja visokoga gradijenta. Dva horizonta tefre predstavljaju raniji vulkanoklastični materijal pješčane veličine zrna, koji je, ubrzo nakon erupcije i padanja pepela, bio prerađen strujama, miješan s više ili manje eolskog pijeska i konačno istaložen pomoću riječnih poplava. Proučeni slijed uključuje glavne stratigrafske plohe (=granične super-plohe) vezane za procese stabilizacije krajolika i stratigrafske praznine. Donji, modificirani dio proučenoga taložnog slijeda nastao je u vrijeme jednog interglacijala (ili interstadijala). Naredni eolski pijesci odražavaju početak jednog glacijalnog razdoblja označenog snažnim, hladnim vjetrovima, te početni pad morske razine koji je doveo do izlaganja plitkomorskih pijesaka i učinio ih tako izvorom za eolske pijeske. Provizorno se predlaže da se dno eolskih sedimenata razumije kao početak Zadnjega Glacijala

Central Retinal Artery Occlusion in a Patient with Metabolic Syndrome X

Purpose: To report a case of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) in a patient with metabolic syndrome X. Case Report: A 64 year-old-man presented with abrupt, painless, and severe loss of vision in his left eye. Indirect ophthalmoscopy disclosed signs compatible with CRAO and laboratory investigations revealed erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 74 mm/h, C-reactive protein (CRP) level of 21 mg/l, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. Fluorescein angiography and immunological studies excluded other systemic disorders. The patient met the full criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program for metabolic syndrome X. Conclusion: In addition to different vascular complications such as stroke, and cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome X may be associated with retinal vascular occlusions

Climatic Cycles Recorded in the Middle Eocene Hemipelagites from a Dinaric Foreland Basin of Istria (Croatia)

Middle Eocene hemipelagic marls from the Pazin-Trieste Basin, a foreland basin of the Croatian Dinarides, display repetitive alternations of two types of marls with different resistance to weathering. This study focuses on the chemical composition, stable isotopes, and palynomorph content of these marls in order to better understand the nature of their cyclic deposition and to identify possible paleoenvironmental drivers responsible for their formation. The less resistant marls (LRM) have consistently lower carbonate content, lower δ18O and δ13C values, and more abundant dinoflagellate cysts than the more resistant marls (MRM). We interpret these differences between the two marl types to be a result of climatic variations, likely related to Milankovitch oscillations. Periods with wetter climate, associated with increased continental runoff, detrital and nutrient influx produced the LRM. Higher nutrient supply sparked higher dinoflagellate productivity during these times, while reduced salinity and stratification of the water column may have hampered the productivity of calcareous nannoplankton and/or planktonic foraminifera. In contrast, the MRM formed during dryer periods which favoured higher carbonate accumulation rates. This study provides new information about the sedimentary record of short-scale climate variations reflected in wet-dry cycles during an overall warm, greenhouse Earth

Severe acute caffeine poisoning due to intradermal injections: Mesotherapy hazard

Introduction. Caffeine is indicated in the treatment of migraine headaches, as well as neonatal apnea and bradycardia syndrome. In mild poisoning, the most prevalent symptoms are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, tremor, anxiety and headache. In more severe cases, symptoms consist of heart rythym abnormalities, myocardial infarction and seizures. Due to its common lipolytic effect, caffeine is used in mesotherapy, usually in combination with drugs of similar effect. We presented a patient with acute iatrogenic caffeine poisoning. Case report. A 51-year-old woman, with preexisting hypertension and hypertensive cardiomyopathy was subjected to cosmetic treatment in order to remove fat by intradermal caffeine injections. During the treatment the patient felt sickness, an urge to vomit, and a pronounced deterioration of general condition. Upon examination, the patient exhibited somnolence, hypotension and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, which was sufficient enough evidence for further hospitalization. On admission to the intensive care unit the patient was anxious with increased heart rate, normotensive, with cold, damp skin, and visible traces of injection sites with surrounding hematomas on the anterior abdominal wall. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) on electrocardiographic monitoring was found. The laboratory analysis determined a lowered potassium level of 2.1 mmol/L (normal range 3,5 - 5.2 mmol/L), and a toxicological analysis (liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection) proved a toxic concentration of caffeine in plasma - 85.03 mg/L (toxic concentration over 25 mg/L). On application of intensive therapy, antiarrhythmics, and substitution of potassium, as well as both symptomatic and supportive therapy, there was a significant recovery. The patient was discharged without any sequele within four days. Conclusion. A presented rare iatrogenic acute caffeine poisoning occured due to massive absorption of caffeine from the subcutaneous adipose tissue into the circulation when injected directly into the tiny blood vessels, as evidenced by hematoma formation. Poisoning manifestations were registered in gastrointestinal, CNS (anxiety, somnolence) and cardiovascular (hypotension, ventricular tachycardia and nonsustained PSVT) system. In this era of mesotherapeutic treatment promotion, one should keep in mind toxic prevention, with application being carried out exclusively in a specialized institutio

Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology

Proceedings of the 12th Conference of Sport and Quality of Life 2019 gatheres submissions of participants of the conference. Every submission is the result of positive evaluation by reviewers from the corresponding field. Conference is divided into sections – Analysis of human movement; Sport training, nutrition and regeneration; Sport and social sciences; Active ageing and sarcopenia; Strength and conditioning training; section for PhD students