SOME MORFOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FOOTBALL PLAYERS

Set of morfologic dimensions as an important factor in selection of football players. The morfologic dimension as an element of set of predicter variables in the level and kvality of motor skills. Tendentions in modelling morfologic structure according to modern systems of football play

THE SPECIFICS OF MOTOR ABILITIES OF FOOTBALL PLAYERS IN RELATION TO THE RANK OF COMPETITION

The knowledge of the high coeficient of the correlation between the success in sports and sports capacities primarily determined by psychosomatic status decided on the subject of this work. To be precise, the subject of this work represents the identification of the dominant basic and specific motor dimensions of football players of two ranks of competitions which participate in sports success in football, and recognition of quantitative and qualitative indices which differentiate them. The results of the discriminative analysis of specific motor variables show that the football players of higher rank of competition statistically significantly differ from the football players of lower rank of competition. The coefficient of the canonical correlation amounts .99. The significance of this correlation tested by the Wilks’ test and Bartlett’s CH-i test with 13 degrees of freedom shows highly significant differencies between the groups of tested athletes because the sig. =.00, and the results CH = 41.25 per one got root

THE RELATIONS OF MORPHOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS AND MOTOR ABILITIES OF JOUNG WATER POLO PLAYERS

The aim of our research was to determine the connection between morphologic characteristics and motor abilities of young water polo players. The sample of participants for this research can be defined as the population of water polo swimmers (N=60) aged 16 to 18, who were only included in the study under the condition that they have taken part in the water polo training process for a period of at least four years. In order to evaluate morphological characteristics of the participants we used 20 anthro¬po¬me¬tric variables (IBP) to evaluated longitudinal and transversal dimenions, mass and body voluminosity and subcutaneous fatty tissue. In this study, the measurings of the sig¬ni¬ficant motor dimensions were carried by means of the following measuring instruments which the authors (Gredelj, Hošek, Metikoš, Momirović, 1975) had previously evaluated with the help of physiological mechanisms: the integration factor, based on the me¬cha¬nism for movement structure (MSK), the synergistic automatism and tonus regulation factor (SRT); the factor for excitation intensity regulation (RIE); the excitation duration re¬gulation factor (RTE). The relations between morphological and motor dimensions we¬re determined using a canonical correlation analysis. A correlation analysis was carried out and it indicated a very high correlation between dimesions morphological cha¬ra¬cte¬ri¬stics and motor abilities of young water polo players

THE EXAMINATION OF THE EFFECTS OF THE RHYTHMIC TEACHING OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION ON SPEED OF 9-10 YEARS OLD GIRLS

By different moving activities, learning about their body and its mothoric, a child develops its mothoric, acquires different motoric skills and habits and develops motoric activities. In this work, the subject of the research is just one segment of the anthropological area which refers to the appearance of appropriate motor abilities-speed. The research involved a total sample of 99 girls from the 3th and 4th grade of elementary school. The subjects were classified in experimental and control groups. The experimental group was made of 51 students and they were practicing according to planning instruction where the rhythmic gymnastics had the primary part. The control group of 48 students was practicing according to official instructional plan and program for P.E. of the Republic of Serbia. At the beginning of the academic year, initial (first) measurement was performed, followed by experimental final (second) measurement at the end of experiment. Research data was processed using SPSS standard statistics procedure. The multi-variant procedures were used in this research ant those were: the multi-variant analysis of the variable MANCOVA i MANOVA. Also, the mono-variant procedures were used and those were: the variable analysis ANCOVA, ANOVA and the interval of entrust. Considering the difference of the influence of the treatment, it can be pointed out that the experimental program, with all its characteristics, widely contributed to all its segments to the improvement of speed. It is known that the use of physical exercise stimulation only within regular physical education classes is not sufficient to provoke essential improvement of motoric abilities. Therefore it is very important not only to try to animate schoolboys for participation in additional sporting activities, especial rhythmic gymnastics, out of regular physical education classes, but, what is even more important, to increase the number of physical education classes a week, with the ambition to provide sufficient stimulation to ensure a harmonic somatic growth and development

Muscle Contractile Properties Measured by the Tensiomyography (TMG) Method in Top-Level Football Players of Different Playing Positions: The Case of Serbian Super League

The aim of this study is to investigate the differences in muscle contractile properties measured by the TMG method between top-level football players of different playing positions. The sample consisted of 57 football players from the Serbian Super League, divided into three groups: defenders—DF, midfielders—MF, and forwards—FW. Muscles included in the study were the Rectus Femoris (RF), Vastus Medialis (VM), Vastus Lateralis (VL), Biceps Femoris (BF), and Semitendinosus (ST) of the right (R) and left (L) leg. The TMG parameters used in this study were contraction time (Tc), delay time (Td), relaxation time (Tr), maximal displacement (Dm), and sustain time (Ts). The ANOVA results showed that differences in TMG parameters between top-level football players of different playing positions are small and exist only in the Tr of RF (F = 4.658, p = 0.014), BF (F = 4.433, p = 0.016), and ST muscle (F = 3.808, p = 0.028), and the Tc (F = 3.214, p = 0.048) and Td (F = 3.705, p = 0.031) of the VM muscle. All differences were detected between DF and FW players, and all differences were in the left (non-dominant) leg. The results obtained in this study indicate that the training and selection process in football, from the aspect of functional and mechanical muscle properties, should be similar for all players, regardless of playing position. It has been shown that TMG has relatively low sensitive strength for detecting differences between football players of different playing positions

Examination of effects of gymnastics teaching of physical education on coordination of 3rd & 4th grade pupils of elementary schools

Coordination, as the basic motor ability, is very complex, as the level of the movement regulation can change. In addition, the regulation includes energetic mechanisms as well as mechanisms of simple structuring of movement. The battery for the evaluation of coordination consists of the following tests: MPON, MSL3, MONT. During the 2005/06 academic year, a research was conducted so as to determine the effects of current program of physical education teaching on motor abilities coordination of female pupils. The multi-variant procedures were used in this research ant those were: the multi-variant analysis of the variable MANCOVA, MANOVA and the discriminative analysis. Also, the mono-variant procedures were used and those were: the variable analysis ANCOVA, ANOVA and the interval of entrust. After the experimental treatment, i.e. at the final testing, significant differences were found with female pupils in experimental and control groups concerning the all tests for the evaluation of coordination. The basic conclusion is that the female pupils of experimental group achieved significantly higher teaching effects than the control group, in view of partly increased motor abilities, being the result of the effects of the experimental treatment, as well as other external and internal factors

CHANGES IN LIPID PARAMETERS AND ANTROPOMETRIC INDICATORS OF DIETING DURING THE PERIOD OF INTENSIVE PREPARATIONS OF TOP ATHLETES

Physical exercise is a planned and repeated exercise aiming to maintain and improve one or more aspects of physical condition. Increased sympathetic-adrenal activity and reduction of insulin concentration are the main stimuli of lipolysis during physical activity.The aim of this study was to investigate acute and chronic effects of intensive aerobic training program on lipid profile and antropometric parameters in young healthy soccer players.Fifteen healthy male (soccer players, average age 21.4±3.6) were included in this study. Soccer players had a minimum of 6 months continuous training that consisted of three training sessions per week. They did not smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol during the examination period. A balanced diet (60% carbohydrates, 25% lipids and 15% proteins) was recommended by a nutritionist as a standard diet during the preparations period. This consisted of three repetitions of 20-min running sessions, with two 3-min breaks in-between. Target load was obtained at 120–140 bpm heart rate. Anthropometric estimation comprized determination of body fat % by impendansometer Omron BF306, body height (BH), body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), waist/hip ratio (WHR) and determination of body mass index (BMI=BW/BH2). Blood samples were taken prior to and 5-10 min after completion of exercise. Biochemical investigation comprized spectrophotometric determination of total cholesterol (TC), triglicerides (TG), HDL-C and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). There was a significant reduction of body fat content % after 6 months of intensive physical preparation (p<0.05), but not of BMI and BW. There were no signifficant changes in waist circumference and WHR values at the end of physical preparation compared to the values from the beginning. There were not significant changes in TC and TG levels at the end of 6 months preparations; however significant changes in lipid fractions were present. There was a significant decrease in LDL-C levels and an obvious increase of HDL-C at the end of the preparations. The acute changes in lipid parameters comprised significant increase of TC and HDL-C, while there were no significant changes in LDL-C and TG levels.The results of this study demonstrate that a well balanced physical training of soccer players leads to significant changes in lipid profile but no changes in body mass. This type of training also decreases percentage of total body fat