Adsorption equilibrium, isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamic of modified bentonite for removing Rhodamine B

Anionic and cationic surfactant modified sodium bentonite (Na-Bt) has been prepared by the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) to sodium bentonite, respectively. The properties of the modified samples are characterized by XRD, SEM, BET and FT-IR. The results of characterization shown that the cationic surfactant had changed the structure and properties of natural sodium bentonite, which proved that surfactants had been successfully implanted into sodium bentonite. But anionic surfactant had no change, this manifested SDBS didn’t insert the layers of bentonite. In addition, adsorption experiments of Rhodamine B (RhB) proved that the modified sodium bentonite adsorption performance is greatly improved. The adsorption experiments also indicated that CTAB-bentonite had the largest adsorption capacity compared with SDBS-bentonite due to the formation of a highly effective partition medium by cationic surfactant micelle. The adsorption data of RhB is analyzed with the isothermal model, thermodynamics and kinetics. Overall, this study provided high-efficiency method for the removal RhB by the surfactant modified bentonite

Adsorption equilibrium, isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamic of modified bentonite for removing Rhodamine B

116-125Anionic and cationic surfactant modified sodium bentonite (Na-Bt) has been prepared by the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) to sodium bentonite, respectively. The properties of the modified samples are characterized by XRD, SEM, BET and FT-IR. The results of characterization shown that the cationic surfactant had changed the structure and properties of natural sodium bentonite, which proved that surfactants had been successfully implanted into sodium bentonite. But anionic surfactant had no change, this manifested SDBS didn’t insert the layers of bentonite. In addition, adsorption experiments of Rhodamine B (RhB) proved that the modified sodium bentonite adsorption performance is greatly improved. The adsorption experiments also indicated that CTAB-bentonite had the largest adsorption capacity compared with SDBS-bentonite due to the formation of a highly effective partition medium by cationic surfactant micelle. The adsorption data of RhB is analyzed with the isothermal model, thermodynamics and kinetics. Overall, this study provided high-efficiency method for the removal RhB by the surfactant modified bentonite

Autologous CIK cells combined with chemotherapy as the first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer is safe and feasible

AimTo evaluate the safety and initial efficacy of autologous cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells combined with S-1+oxaliplatin (SOX) as the first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer (GC).Materials and methodsIn this two-arm, single-center exploratory trial, patients with locally advanced or metastatic GC were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive autologous CIK cells in combination with SOX (CIK-SOX) or SOX alone. The primary endpoint was the incidence of adverse events (AEs). Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR) served as the secondary endpoints.ResultsFifty-nine patients were enrolled in the study between November 20, 2014 and September 6, 2017. A total of 31 patients received CIK-SOX and 28 patients received SOX. The most common AEs in both groups were gastrointestinal reaction, leucopenia, neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, hyperbilirubinemia, and elevated aspartate transaminase concentration, with a higher incidence of these conditions in the SOX group. The median PFS for the CIK-SOX and SOX groups was 6.9 and 4.9 months, respectively (hazard ratio (HR) 0.80, p=0.45). The respective median OS values were 17.8 and 9.75 months (HR 0.76, p=0.34). Patients who received more than three injections of specific lymphocyte subsets benefited the most from this combination therapy. Cox univariate and multivariate analyses showed that tumor metastasis to more than two organs was the main risk factor for PFS and OS. A total of 29 patients in the CIK-SOX group and 25 in the SOX group had measurable lesions. The ORR for the CIK-SOX and SOX groups was 55.2% and 32.0%, while the DCR was 93.1% and 88.0%, respectively.ConclusionThe safety of CIK-SOX as the first-line treatment for patients with locally advanced or metastatic GC was good. Although the PFS and OS in the CIK-SOX group were not statistically significantly different compared to the values in the SOX alone group, this treatment increased the PFS and OS duration, with the absolute improvement in OS of about 8.05 months. Continuous benefit from the CIK-SOX treatment was observed during long-term follow-up.Clinical trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02504229?term=NCT02504229&rank=1, identifier ChiCTR-IPR-15005923; NCT02504229

High-Dose Dexamethasone Alters the Increase in Interleukin-16 Level in Adult Immune Thrombocytopenia

Adult primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune-mediated haemorrhagic disorder. Interleukin-16 (IL-16) can directly affect cellular or humoural immunity by mediating the cellular cross-talk among T cells, B cells and dendritic cells. Several studies have focused on IL-16 as an immunomodulatory cytokine that takes part in Th1 polarization in autoimmune diseases. In this study, we investigated IL-16 expression in the bone marrow supernatant and plasma of ITP patients and healthy controls. What's more, we detected IL-16 expression in ITP patients with the single-agent 4-day high-dose dexamethasone (HD-DXM) therapy. In patients with active ITP, bone marrow supernatant and plasma IL-16 levels increased (P < 0.05) compared with those of healthy controls. In the meantime, the mRNA expression in BMMCs (pro-IL-16, caspase-3) and PBMCs (pro-IL-16, caspase-3 and T-bet) of ITP patients was increased (P < 0.05) relative to those of healthy controls. In patients who responded to HD-DXM therapy, both plasma IL-16 levels and gene expression in PBMCs (pro-IL-16, caspase-3, and T-bet) were decreased (P < 0.05). In summary, the abnormal level of IL-16 plays important roles in the pathogenesis of ITP. Regulating Th1 polarization associated with IL-16 by HD-DXM therapy may provide a novel insight for immune modulation in ITP

A Unified Dual-view Model for Review Summarization and Sentiment Classification with Inconsistency Loss

Acquiring accurate summarization and sentiment from user reviews is an essential component of modern e-commerce platforms. Review summarization aims at generating a concise summary that describes the key opinions and sentiment of a review, while sentiment classification aims to predict a sentiment label indicating the sentiment attitude of a review. To effectively leverage the shared sentiment information in both review summarization and sentiment classification tasks, we propose a novel dual-view model that jointly improves the performance of these two tasks. In our model, an encoder first learns a context representation for the review, then a summary decoder generates a review summary word by word. After that, a source-view sentiment classifier uses the encoded context representation to predict a sentiment label for the review, while a summary-view sentiment classifier uses the decoder hidden states to predict a sentiment label for the generated summary. During training, we introduce an inconsistency loss to penalize the disagreement between these two classifiers. It helps the decoder to generate a summary to have a consistent sentiment tendency with the review and also helps the two sentiment classifiers learn from each other. Experiment results on four real-world datasets from different domains demonstrate the effectiveness of our model.Comment: Accepted by SIGIR 2020. Updated the results of balanced accuracy scores in Table 3 since we found a bug in our source code. Nevertheless, our model still achieves higher balanced accuracy scores than the baselines after we fixed this bu

Enhanced Photodecomposition of Methylene Blue in Water with Sr1−xKxTiO3−δ@PC-polyHIPEs under UV and Visible Light

Photocatalytic method was investigated to remove water pollutant methylene blue (MB) produced in textile, plastic, and dye industries. PC-polyHIPEs were prepared by light-induced polymerization of dopamine in transparent polyHIPEs which were synthesized by polymerization within high internal phase emulsions. Sr1-xKxTiO3-δ (x = 0–0.5) nanoparticles were incorporated and adhered to PC-polyHIPEs to form Sr1-xKxTiO3-δ@PC-polyHIPEs for the first time. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, FTIR, TGA, UV-Vis DRS, and SEM and their photocatalytic properties for MB decomposition were measured over UV-Vis spectrometer. The PC-polyHIPEs were of interconnected porous structure with around 100 μm pores and 30 μm windows. Sr1−xKxTiO3−δ@PC-polyHIPEs showed excellent MB decomposition activity under either UV or visible light although Sr1−xKxTiO3−δ alone worked only under UV light. When x = 0.3, Sr1−xKxTiO3−δ@PC-polyHIPEs showed the highest photocatalytic performance due to the existence of more oxygen vacancies. When the water solution with 50 mg L−1 MB and 1.6 gcat. L−1 Sr0.7K0.3TiO3−δ@PC-polyHIPEs was exposed to visible light for 160 min at room temperature, 88.3% of MB was decomposed. After being used for eight cycles, 87.6% activity of fresh Sr0.7K0.3TiO3−δ@PC-polyHIPEs still remained. The influences of salinity, temperature, and catalyst concentration on the catalytic activity were studied. For MB decomposition under visible light, the activation energy of Sr0.7K0.3TiO3−δ@PC-polyHIPEs was calculated to be 12.3 kJ mol−1 and the kinetics analysis revealed that the photocatalysis followed the second-order reaction. These findings demonstrated that Sr1−xKxTiO3−δ@PC-polyHIPEs were an effective candidate for real application in decomposition of MB in water