BASP1 is a prognostic biomarker associated with immunotherapeutic response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

BackgroundsImmunotherapy is effective in a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, the unfavorable response rate and inadequate biomarkers for stratifying patients have primarily limited its clinical application. Considering transcriptional factors (TFs) play essential roles in regulating immune activity during HNSCC progression, we comprehensively analyzed the expression alterations of TFs and their prognostic values.MethodsGene expression datasets and clinical information of HNSCC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. Then, Brain abundant membrane attached signal protein 1 (BASP1) was screened out of differentially expressed TFs by univariate and multivariate survival analysis. Tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) was applied to analyze the response to immunotherapy of BASP1high/low patients. Meanwhile, GO, KEGG and GSEA analyses were used to enrich the pathways between the BASP1high and BASP1low groups. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), CIBERSORT, EPIC and quanTiseq algorithms were applied to explore immune infiltrations. Also, immune cycle analysis was conducted by ssGSEA. Additionally, lipid peroxidation, glutathione and reactive oxygen species were performed to detect the ferroptosis alternations.ResultsBASP1 was upregulated and associated with poor survival in HNSCC patients. BASP1high patients exhibited better response rates to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and higher expressions of immune checkpoint inhibitors. GO, KEGG and GSEA analyses indicated that the expression of BASP1 was related to several immune-related pathways and immunogenic ferroptosis signature. The infiltration of activated CD8+ T cells was authenticated to be decreased in BASP1high patients. Furthermore, BASP1 was identified to be positively correlated with T cell dysfunction and immune escape. Moreover, silencing BASP1 triggered ferroptosis in HNSCC cells, representing as increased LDH, lipid peroxidation and ROS levels, and reduced glutathione synthesisConclusionsWe demonstrated that BASP1 suppressed immunogenic ferroptosis to induce immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. BASP1 plays a critical role in immune response, and might be a promising classifier for selecting HNSCC patients who benefit from current immunotherapy

The relevance study of effective information between near infrared spectroscopy and chondroitin sulfate in ethanol precipitation process

Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is based on molecular overtone and combination vibrations. It is difficult to assign specific features under complicated system. So it is necessary to find the relevance between NIRS and target compound. For this purpose, the chondroitin sulfate (CS) ethanol precipitation process was selected as the research model, and 90 samples of 5 different batches were collected and the content of CS was determined by modified carbazole method. The relevance between NIRS and CS was studied throughout optical pathlength, pretreatment methods and variables selection methods. In conclusion, the first derivative with Savitzky–Golay (SG) smoothing was selected as the best pretreatment, and the best spectral region was selected using interval partial least squares (iPLS) method under 1 mm optical cell. A multivariate calibration model was established using PLS algorithm for determining the content of CS, and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) is 3.934 g⋅L-1. This method will have great potential in process analytical technology in the future

Giant Hall Switching by Surface-State-Mediated Spin-Orbit Torque in a Hard Ferromagnetic Topological Insulator

Topological insulators (TI) can apply highly efficient spin-orbit torque (SOT) and manipulate the magnetization with their unique topological surface states, and their magnetic counterparts, magnetic topological insulators (MTI) offer magnetization without shunting and are one of the highest in SOT efficiency. Here, we demonstrate efficient SOT switching of a hard MTI, V-doped (Bi,Sb)2Te3 (VBST) with a large coercive field that can prevent the influence of an external magnetic field and a small magnetization to minimize stray field. A giant switched anomalous Hall resistance of 9.2 $k\Omega$ is realized, among the largest of all SOT systems. The SOT switching current density can be reduced to $2.8\times10^5 A/cm^2$, and the switching ratio can be enhanced to 60%. Moreover, as the Fermi level is moved away from the Dirac point by both gate and composition tuning, VBST exhibits a transition from edge-state-mediated to surface-state-mediated transport, thus enhancing the SOT effective field to $1.56\pm 0.12 T/ (10^6 A/cm^2)$ and the spin Hall angle to $23.2\pm 1.8$ at 5 K. The findings establish VBST as an extraordinary candidate for energy-efficient magnetic memory devices

Unraveling the nature of quasi van der Waals Epitaxy of magnetic topological insulators Cr: (BixSb1-x)2Te3 on a GaAs (111) substrate through coherently strained interface

Quasi van der Waals Epitaxy (qvdWE) has been realized for decades at the interfaces between 3D and 2D materials or van der Waals materials. The growth of magnetic topological insulators (MTI) Cr: (BixSb1-x)2Te3 (CBST) on GaAs (111) substrates for Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect (QAH) is actually one of the examples of qvdWE, which is not well noticed despite the fact that its advantages have been used in growth of various MTI materials. This is distinguished from the growth of MTIs on other substrates. Although the qvdWE mode has been used in many 2D growth on III-V substrates, the specific features and mechanisms are not well demonstrated and summarized yet. Here in this work, we have for the first time shown the features of both coherent interfaces and the existence of strain originating from qvdWE at the same time.Comment: 5 figures, 1 table. Already shown in APS March Meeting 2023 and 202

Joint analysis of three genome-wide association studies of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Chinese populations

We conducted a joint (pooled) analysis of three genome-wide association studies (GWAS) 1-3 of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in ethnic Chinese (5,337 ESCC cases and 5,787 controls) with 9,654 ESCC cases and 10,058 controls for follow-up. In a logistic regression model adjusted for age, sex, study, and two eigenvectors, two new loci achieved genome-wide significance, marked by rs7447927 at 5q31.2 (per-allele odds ratio (OR) = 0.85, 95% CI 0.82-0.88; P=7.72x10−20) and rs1642764 at 17p13.1 (per-allele OR= 0.88, 95% CI 0.85-0.91; P=3.10x10−13). rs7447927 is a synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in TMEM173 and rs1642764 is an intronic SNP in ATP1B2, near TP53. Furthermore, a locus in the HLA class II region at 6p21.32 (rs35597309) achieved genome-wide significance in the two populations at highest risk for ESSC (OR=1.33, 95% CI 1.22-1.46; P=1.99x10−10). Our joint analysis identified new ESCC susceptibility loci overall as well as a new locus unique to the ESCC high risk Taihang Mountain region

Effect of <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantatum</i> HFY11 on Colitis in Mice

This study aimed to examine the potential impact of the intervention of Lactiplantibacillus plantatum HFY11 (LP-HFY11) on colitis using in vivo animal trials. The impact of LP-HFY11 intervention on colitis was determined by measuring the levels of relevant indicators in the intestine, colon, and blood after oxazolone-induced colitis in BALB/c mice. The results of the trial show that LP-HFY11 improved the colon weight-to-length ratio, reduced the colitis-induced colon length shortening, and reduced colonic abstinence. Furthermore, it decreased the levels of myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde activities while increasing the glutathione content in the colon tissue of colitis-affected animals. LP-HFY11 lowered the interleukin-10 (IL-10) level and increased the IL-2 level in the serum of colitis mice. LP-HFY11 also upregulated the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, c-Kit, and stem cell factor (SCF), and downregulated the expression of IL-8, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CXCR2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the colon tissue of mice with colitis. LP-HFY11 decreased the expression of Firmicutes in the gut while increasing the expression of Bacteroidetes, Bifidobacteria, and Lactobacillus. This indicates that LP-HFY11 could control physiological alterations in the serum and colon tissue, as well as the expression of gut microorganism

Does Garden type I incomplete femoral neck fracture really exist in older adults? To evaluate the stability and consistency of Garden classification

Abstract Background Accurate classification of femoral neck fracture (FNF) is crucial for treatment plan and therapeutic outcomes. Garden classification is commonly used in the clinic, but its stability and consistency remain controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stability and consistency of Garden classification based on X and CT images, and to analyze whether it is valid for Garden I in the elderly. Methods X-ray and CT images from 886 elderly patients with FNF were collected, four orthopaedic surgeons and four radiologists evaluated these images independently, and determined the fracture type based on Garden classification. Three months later, The exercise was repeated and the results were compared based on 4 types Garden classification (I, II, III and IV) and 3 types Garden classification (I + II, III and IV). Kappa was used to measure inter- and intraobserver agreement. The patients with Garden I incomplete FNF confirmed by 8 observers together based on images combined with medical history were compared with the intraoperative results. Results Four types Garden classification, there was little consistency inter- and intraobservers (Kappa from 0.18 to 0.43) based on X-ray images, while professors consistency (0.56 to 0.76) was higher than residents (0.28 to 0.35) based on CT. 3 types Garden classification showed almost perfect agreement inter- and intraobservers, which ranged from 0.76 to 0.90. Totally 52 patients were diagnosed as Garden I, 38 of whom underwent arthroplasty. All surgical cases showed complete fracture during operation. Conclusions There was low consistency and repeatability in 4 types Garden classification (I, II, III and IV), while 3 types Garden classification (I + II, III and IV) had high consistency among observers. In the elderly, all undisplaced femoral neck fracture may be Garden II, no Garden I

Experimental Investigation on the Formability of Al-Mg Alloy 5052 Sheet by Tensile and Cupping Test

Aiming at the enhancement of the lightweight formability potential of aluminum alloy, the bulging and tensile properties of a 5052 Aluminum alloy sheet were tested on a microcomputer controlled sheet metal forming tester and tensile testing machine. The effects of different blank holder force, punch velocity and lubrication conditions were investigated on bulging properties by the experimental analysis. The cupping values (Erichsen Cupping Index: IE) of sheets with a thickness of 1.2 mm at room temperature were obtained under different process parameters. Meanwhile, the anisotropic property of the material was analyzed in different rolling directions. The results show that the sheet cupping values increase with the increase of blank holder force and punch velocity, and the stress state was changed due to the changing of the blank holder force and strain rate. Moreover, the use of lubricating conditions with a lower coefficient of friction allows the sheet to exhibit a larger cupping value. The effect of rolling direction on the anisotropy of 5052 aluminum alloy sheet is distinct, which means in the aluminum alloy sheet forming process the anisotropy factor should be carefully considered

An active factor from tomato root exudates plays an important role in efficient establishment of mycorrhizal symbiosis.

Root exudates play an important role in the early signal exchange between host plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. M161, a pre-mycorrhizal infection (pmi) mutant of the tomoto (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivar Micro-Tom, fails to establish normal arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses, and produces exudates that are unable to stimulate hyphal growth and branching of Glomus intraradices. Here, we report the identification of a purified active factor (AF) that is present in the root exudates of wild-type tomato, but absent in those of M161. A complementation assay using the dual root organ culture system showed that the AF could induce fungal growth and branching at the pre-infection stage and, subsequently, the formation of viable new spores in the M161 background. Since the AF-mediated stimulation of hyphal growth and branching requires the presence of the M161 root, our data suggest that the AF is essential but not sufficient for hyphal growth and branching. We propose that the AF, which remains to be chemically determined, represents a plant signal molecule that plays an important role in the efficient establishment of mycorrhizal symbioses