Combined effects of the genetic variants in the <i>PTEN</i>, <i>AKT1</i>, <i>MDM2</i> and <i>p53</i> genes on the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

<p>Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.</p>a<p><i>χ²</i> test for the distribution of genotypes between patients and control subjects.</p>b<p><i>P</i> values were calculated by multivariate logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, smoking and drinking status, smoking level, and nationality.</p>c<p><i>χ</i>² test for the <i>P</i>_trend value of genotypes between patients and control subjects.</p>d<p>Low-risk group, individuals carrying 0–2 risk genotypes; high-risk group, individuals carrying 3-4 risk genotypes.</p><p>*<i>P</i> value remained significant after c°rrection for multiple comparisons (<i>P</i> = 0.048).</p

Primers and restriction enzymes used to investigate polymorphisms in the <i>PTEN</i>, <i>AKT1</i> and <i>p53</i> genes.

a<p>Italicized lowercase letters indicate base mismatches.</p>b<p>Designated rs2498799 in previous literature.</p

Haplotypes of <i>AKT1</i> polymorphisms and the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

<p>(<i>a</i>) Genomic structure of the <i>AKT1</i> locus and the polymorphic sites used. Exons (boxes) and introns are not drawn to scale; open boxes represent noncoding sequences, and filled boxes represent coding sequences. The physical distance between SNPs is shown in nucleotides. (<i>b</i>) Linkage disequilibrium (LD) map of SNPs based on <i>D</i> ´. (<i>c</i>) LD map of SNPs based on <i>r</i>². (<i>d</i>) Global <i>P</i> values from single-locus and multi-locus (two to five) based association analysis. (<i>e</i>) Haplotypes showing significant genetic associations with the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The two-SNP core haplotype is highlighted in gray.</p

Stratification analysis of the combined genotypes of the <i>PTEN</i>, <i>AKT1</i>, <i>MDM2</i> and <i>p53</i> polymorphisms and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

<p>Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.</p>a<p>ORs and <i>P</i> values were calculated by multivariate logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, smoking and drinking status, smoking level and nationality when appropriate within the strata.</p>b<p>For differences in ORs within each stratum.</p>c<p>Low-risk group, individuals carrying 0–2 risk genotypes; high-risk group, individuals carrying 3–4 risk genotypes.</p