8 research outputs found
Association between diet-quality scores, adiposity, total cholesterol and markers of nutritional status in European adults: findings from the Food4Me study
Diet-quality scores (DQS), which are developed across the globe, are used to define adherence to specific eating patterns and have been associated with risk of coronary heart disease and type-II diabetes. We explored the association between five diet-quality scores (Healthy Eating Index, HEI; Alternate Healthy Eating Index, AHEI; MedDietScore, MDS; PREDIMED Mediterranean Diet Score, P-MDS; Dutch Healthy Diet-Index, DHDI) and markers of metabolic health (anthropometry, objective physical activity levels (PAL), and dried blood spot total cholesterol (TC), total carotenoids, and omega-3 index) in the Food4Me cohort, using regression analysis. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Participants (n = 1480) were adults recruited from seven European Union (EU) countries. Overall, women had higher HEI and AHEI than men (p < 0.05), and scores varied significantly between countries. For all DQS, higher scores were associated with lower body mass index, lower waist-to-height ratio and waist circumference, and higher total carotenoids and omega-3-index (p trends < 0.05). Higher HEI, AHEI, DHDI, and P-MDS scores were associated with increased daily PAL, moderate and vigorous activity, and reduced sedentary behaviour (p trend < 0.05). We observed no association between DQS and TC. To conclude, higher DQS, which reflect better dietary patterns, were associated with markers of better nutritional status and metabolic health
Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Genetic Background Roles within a Web-Based Nutritional Intervention: The Food4Me Study
Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) adherence has been proven to produce numerous health
benefits. In addition, nutrigenetic studies have explained some individual variations in the response to
specific dietary patterns. The present research aimed to explore associations and potential interactions
between MedDiet adherence and genetic background throughout the Food4Me web-based nutritional
intervention. Dietary, anthropometrical and biochemical data from volunteers of the Food4Me study were collected at baseline and after 6 months. Several genetic variants related to metabolic risk features
were also analysed. A Genetic Risk Score (GRS) was derived from risk alleles and a Mediterranean
Diet Score (MDS), based on validated food intake data, was estimated. At baseline, there were no
interactions between GRS and MDS categories for metabolic traits. Linear mixed model repeated
measures analyses showed a significantly greater decrease in total cholesterol in participants with a
low GRS after a 6-month period, compared to those with a high GRS. Meanwhile, a high baseline
MDS was associated with greater decreases in Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference and
glucose. There also was a significant interaction between GRS and the MedDiet after the follow-up
period. Among subjects with a high GRS, those with a high MDS evidenced a highly significant
reduction in total carotenoids, while among those with a low GRS, there was no difference associated
with MDS levels. These results suggest that a higher MedDiet adherence induces beneficial effects on
metabolic outcomes, which can be affected by the genetic background in some specific markers
FTO genotype and weight loss: systematic review and meta-analysis of 9563 individual participant data from eight randomised controlled trials
Objective
To assess the effect of the FTO genotype on weight loss
after dietary, physical activity, or drug based
interventions in randomised controlled trials.
Design
Systematic review and random effects meta-analysis
of individual participant data from randomised
controlled trials.
Data sources
Ovid Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane from
inception to November 2015.
Eligibility criteria for study selection
Randomised controlled trials in overweight or obese
adults reporting reduction in body mass index, body
weight, or waist circumference by FTO genotype
(rs9939609 or a proxy) after dietary, physical activity,
or drug based interventions. Gene by treatment
interaction models were fitted to individual participant
data from all studies included in this review, using
allele dose coding for genetic effects and a common
set of covariates. Study level interactions were
combined using random effect models.
Metaregression and subgroup analysis were used to
assess sources of study heterogeneity.
Results
We identified eight eligible randomised controlled trials
for the systematic review and meta-analysis (n=9563).
Overall, differential changes in body mass index, body
weight, and waist circumference in response to weight
loss intervention were not significantly different
between FTO genotypes. Sensitivity analyses indicated
that differential changes in body mass index, body
weight, and waist circumference by FTO genotype did
not differ by intervention type, intervention length,
ethnicity, sample size, sex, and baseline body mass
index and age category.
Conclusions
We have observed that carriage of the FTO minor allele
was not associated with differential change in
adiposity after weight loss interventions. These
findings show that individuals carrying the minor allele
respond equally well to dietary, physical activity, or
drug based weight loss interventions and thus genetic
predisposition to obesity associated with the FTO
minor allele can be at least partly counteracted
through such interventions.
Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42015015969
Association between diet-quality scores, adiposity, total cholesterol and markers of nutritional status in European adults: findings from the Food4Me study
Diet-quality scores (DQS), which are developed across the globe, are used to define adherence to specific eating patterns and have been associated with risk of coronary heart disease and type-II diabetes. We explored the association between five diet-quality scores (Healthy Eating Index, HEI; Alternate Healthy Eating Index, AHEI; MedDietScore, MDS; PREDIMED Mediterranean Diet Score, P-MDS; Dutch Healthy Diet-Index, DHDI) and markers of metabolic health (anthropometry, objective physical activity levels (PAL), and dried blood spot total cholesterol (TC), total carotenoids, and omega-3 index) in the Food4Me cohort, using regression analysis. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Participants (n = 1480) were adults recruited from seven European Union (EU) countries. Overall, women had higher HEI and AHEI than men (p < 0.05), and scores varied significantly between countries. For all DQS, higher scores were associated with lower body mass index, lower waist-to-height ratio and waist circumference, and higher total carotenoids and omega-3-index (p trends < 0.05). Higher HEI, AHEI, DHDI, and P-MDS scores were associated with increased daily PAL, moderate and vigorous activity, and reduced sedentary behaviour (p trend < 0.05). We observed no association between DQS and TC. To conclude, higher DQS, which reflect better dietary patterns, were associated with markers of better nutritional status and metabolic health
Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Genetic Background Roles within a Web-Based Nutritional Intervention: The Food4Me Study
Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) adherence has been proven to produce numerous health
benefits. In addition, nutrigenetic studies have explained some individual variations in the response to
specific dietary patterns. The present research aimed to explore associations and potential interactions
between MedDiet adherence and genetic background throughout the Food4Me web-based nutritional
intervention. Dietary, anthropometrical and biochemical data from volunteers of the Food4Me study were collected at baseline and after 6 months. Several genetic variants related to metabolic risk features
were also analysed. A Genetic Risk Score (GRS) was derived from risk alleles and a Mediterranean
Diet Score (MDS), based on validated food intake data, was estimated. At baseline, there were no
interactions between GRS and MDS categories for metabolic traits. Linear mixed model repeated
measures analyses showed a significantly greater decrease in total cholesterol in participants with a
low GRS after a 6-month period, compared to those with a high GRS. Meanwhile, a high baseline
MDS was associated with greater decreases in Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference and
glucose. There also was a significant interaction between GRS and the MedDiet after the follow-up
period. Among subjects with a high GRS, those with a high MDS evidenced a highly significant
reduction in total carotenoids, while among those with a low GRS, there was no difference associated
with MDS levels. These results suggest that a higher MedDiet adherence induces beneficial effects on
metabolic outcomes, which can be affected by the genetic background in some specific markers
FTO genotype and weight loss: systematic review and meta-analysis of 9563 individual participant data from eight randomised controlled trials
Objective
To assess the effect of the FTO genotype on weight loss
after dietary, physical activity, or drug based
interventions in randomised controlled trials.
Design
Systematic review and random effects meta-analysis
of individual participant data from randomised
controlled trials.
Data sources
Ovid Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane from
inception to November 2015.
Eligibility criteria for study selection
Randomised controlled trials in overweight or obese
adults reporting reduction in body mass index, body
weight, or waist circumference by FTO genotype
(rs9939609 or a proxy) after dietary, physical activity,
or drug based interventions. Gene by treatment
interaction models were fitted to individual participant
data from all studies included in this review, using
allele dose coding for genetic effects and a common
set of covariates. Study level interactions were
combined using random effect models.
Metaregression and subgroup analysis were used to
assess sources of study heterogeneity.
Results
We identified eight eligible randomised controlled trials
for the systematic review and meta-analysis (n=9563).
Overall, differential changes in body mass index, body
weight, and waist circumference in response to weight
loss intervention were not significantly different
between FTO genotypes. Sensitivity analyses indicated
that differential changes in body mass index, body
weight, and waist circumference by FTO genotype did
not differ by intervention type, intervention length,
ethnicity, sample size, sex, and baseline body mass
index and age category.
Conclusions
We have observed that carriage of the FTO minor allele
was not associated with differential change in
adiposity after weight loss interventions. These
findings show that individuals carrying the minor allele
respond equally well to dietary, physical activity, or
drug based weight loss interventions and thus genetic
predisposition to obesity associated with the FTO
minor allele can be at least partly counteracted
through such interventions.
Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42015015969