NEW RECIPES FOR FOOD BY ADDING FUNCTIONAL INGREDIENTS COMING FROM FOOD SUPPLEMENT PROCESSING

The main aim of this project was to develop new recipes for bakery products, biscuits and cookies by adding functional ingredients coming from food supplement processing such us flax seeds or alfalfa after partial oil extraction. The project will have a positive impact for both participant companies through designing and marketing of new innovative products for the coordinator Spanish company, and better valorification of plant resources and by-products resulting from food supplement processing for the second one, Romanian company

THE EFFECTS OF PARTIALLY DEFATTED MILK THISTLE (SILYBUM MARIANUM) SEED FLOUR ON WHEAT FLOUR

Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a rich source of ingredients, such as aminoacids, fatty acids, minerals, and phytochemicals exhibiting nutraceutical effects on human health. In this work, partially defatted milk thistle seed flour, a by-product obtained during the manufacture of milk thistle seed oil, was studied as an additive for common wheat flour. The influence of the addition of partially defatted milk thistle seed flour was studied by analyzing the colour, mineral content and rheological properties of dough in order to further exploit the functionality of partially defatted milk thistle seed in bakery products. Mixtures containing 5%, 10% and 15% partially defatted milk thistle added to wheat flour maintained rheological parameters within recommended limits for a good technological behaviour and, consequently, a good quality of bakery products. Mineral contents, especially calcium, magnesium, iron and potassium, were also significantly increased

ALFALFA CONCENTRATE – A RICH SOURCE OF NUTRIENTS FOR USE IN FOOD PRODUCTS

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is primarily grown for and used in animal feed, but in recent years it started to be used more often for human nutrition, as it is a rich source of easily assimilated proteins, minerals (calcium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium, potassium, zinc, copper, selenium, organic silicon, manganese), vitamins (C, K, D, E, U, provitamin A, B1, B2, B6, B12, folic acid/B9, biotin, niacin), as well as β-carotene and eight essential amino acids (alanine, lysine, arginine, histidine, cysteine, proline, methionine, tyrosine). The aim of the study herein was to evaluate the chemical composition of the alfalfa concentrate, a by-product obtained at the end of the production process for the dietary supplement "Alfalfa Complex". Alfalfa concentrate was found to be a rich source of dietary minerals (K, Ca, Mg, Fe) and dietary fibers. The amino acid composition recorded was: Threonine (0,66%); Lysine (0,71%); Leucine (1,26%); Isoleucine (0,67%); Valine (0,89%); Methionine (0,26%); Phenylalanine (0,84%); Histidine (0,30%); Aspartic acid (1,17%); Tyrosine (0,46%); Cysteine (0,11%); Alanine (0,89%); Glycine (0,80%); Proline (0,95%); Arginine (0,73%); Serine (0,69%); Glutamic acid (1,51%). The chemical characterization performed in this study is evidence that the alfalfa concentrate can serve as a valuable source of nutritional components for the food industry

Beyond Weight Loss: A Comprehensive Review of Pregnancy Management following Bariatric Procedures

The increasing prevalence of bariatric surgery among women of childbearing age raises critical questions about the correct management of pregnancy following these procedures. This literature review delves into the multifaceted considerations surrounding pregnancy after bariatric surgery, with a particular focus on the importance of preconception counselling, appropriate nutrition assessment, and the necessity of correct folic acid supplementation. Key areas of investigation include nutrient absorption challenges, weight gain during pregnancy, and potential micronutrient deficiencies. Examining the relationship between bariatric surgery and birth defects, particularly heart and musculoskeletal issues, uncovers a twofold increase in risk for women who underwent surgery before pregnancy, with the risk emphasized before folic acid fortification. In contrast, a nationwide study suggests that infants born to mothers with bariatric surgery exhibit a reduced risk of major birth defects, potentially associated with improved glucose metabolism. In addition, this review outlines strategies for managing gestational diabetes and other pregnancy-related complications in individuals with a history of bariatric surgery. By synthesizing existing literature, this paper aims to provide healthcare providers with a comprehensive framework for the correct management of pregnancy in this unique patient population, promoting the health and well-being of both mother and child

Reclaim and Valorization of Sea Buckthorn (<i>Hippophae rhamnoides</i>) By-Product: Antioxidant Activity and Chemical Characterization

The by-product resulting from the production of the sea-buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) juice may be a functional food ingredient, being a valuable source of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, minerals, and fatty acids. For checking this hypothesis, two extracts were obtained by two different methods using 50% ethyl alcohol solvent, namely through maceration–recirculation (E-SBM) and through ultrasound extraction (E-SBUS), followed by concentration. Next, sea-buckthorn waste (SB sample), extracts (E-SBM and E-SBUS samples) and the residues obtained from the extractions (R-SBM and R-SBUS samples) were characterized for the total polyphenols, flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity, mineral contents, and fatty acids profile. The results show that polyphenols and flavonoids were extracted better by the ultrasound process than the other methods. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of the E-SBUS sample was 91% higher (expressed in Trolox equivalents) and approximately 45% higher (expressed in Fe2+ equivalents) than that of the E-SBM sample. Regarding the extraction of minerals, it was found that both concentrated extracts had almost 25% of the RDI value of K and Mg, and also that the content of Zn, Mn, and Fe is significant. Additionally, it was found that the residues (R-SBM and R-SBUS) contain important quantities of Zn, Cu, Mn, Ca, and Fe. The general conclusion is that using the ultrasound extraction method, followed by a process of concentrating the extract, a superior recovery of sea-buckthorn by-product resulting from the juice extraction can be achieved

Amnion Rupture Sequence

The amnion rupture sequence is a rare condition occurring early in pregnancy, resulting in complex fetal anomalies by disrupting normal embryonic development. The prevalence of amnion rupture sequence is reported to be 1.16 in 10,000 live births. This article explores the uncommon case of early amnion rupture leading to fetal encephalocele, suspected in the first trimester. Despite the variable and intricate nature of anomalies associated with this condition, cranio-facial and abdominal defects are frequently observed. Genetic testing was conducted, with normal results supporting our theory of amnion rupture. The patient decided to terminate the pregnancy, and the anatomopathological results confirmed the findings. This article discusses the diagnostic challenges, emphasizing the importance of timely identification through advanced imaging techniques

Bilateral Renal Ectopia—Prenatal Diagnosis

This report explores the diverse spectrum of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), ranging from asymptomatic presentations to the most severe form characterized by bilateral renal agenesis. Genitourinary anomalies, a prevalent subset within this domain, account for a significant proportion, constituting 15–20% of anomalies identified during prenatal screening. An ectopic kidney is defined by the presence of an empty renal fossa and the displacement of the kidney from the lumbar region to alternative locations, with the pelvic region emerging as the most prevalent site. The reported case involves bilateral renal ectopia with unilateral duplex kidney. Initial suspicions of a renal anomaly arose during the first trimester, leading to a definitive diagnosis in the second trimester. The patient underwent regular monitoring every four weeks, ultimately delivering a healthy baby at term. This case underscores the frequency of renal anomalies, emphasizing that a considerable proportion remains asymptomatic. These findings contribute to a broader understanding of congenital renal anomalies, their varied manifestations, and the importance of vigilant prenatal screening for early detection and management

Body Stalk Anomaly

Abdominal wall defects encompass three primary classifications: gastroschisis, omphalocele and anomalies resembling body stalk. Potential causative factors include early amnion rupture, amniotic bands, vascular disruptions or abnormal folding of the embryo. The prevalence of these defects stands at 1 in 14,000 live births. Body stalk anomaly is characterized by a substantial abdominal defect coupled with spine and limb anomalies, along with a very short or absent umbilical cord. We present a case of a rare abdominal defect known as body stalk anomaly, the most severe form of this spectrum of diseases. The diagnosis of this anomaly was established during the first trimester of pregnancy. Subsequently, the patient opted for pregnancy termination and chose not to undergo genetic testing. The anatomo-pathological results confirmed the findings. Body stalk anomaly is not compatible with life; therefore, early identification and understanding the clinical implications of this rare anomaly for informed decision-making in prenatal care are very important

Congenital Cytomegalovirus-Related Hearing Loss

Congenital hearing loss is a significant global health concern that affects millions of newborns and infants worldwide, posing substantial challenges for affected individuals, their families, and healthcare systems. This condition, present at birth, can stem from genetic factors, in utero exposures, infections, or complications during pregnancy or childbirth. The spectrum of congenital hearing loss ranges from mild to profound, impacting the development of speech, language, and cognitive skills, thereby influencing educational achievements, social integration, and future employment opportunities. Early detection and intervention strategies, such as newborn hearing screenings, genetic counseling, and the use of hearing aids or cochlear implants, are crucial for mitigating these impacts. This review article aims to explore the diagnostic approaches and management strategies for congenital cytomegalovirus-related hearing loss, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary care and the potential for technological advances to improve outcomes for affected individuals