Box-plots within-sample community diversity comparisons from rumen and cecum samples in Norwegian reindeer.

<p>(A) Mean alpha diversity values for total unique OTUs (observed_species) calculated for the bacterial fraction of the microbiome. (B) Mean alpha diversity values for total unique OTUs (observed_species) calculated for the archaeal fraction of the microbiome. Box-plots were calculated using average values obtained from randomly subsampled datasets for each sample with a sample depth of 2000 sequences and 10 iterations at each subsampling step. Pairwise comparisons were performed only between samples from the same sample site (rumen or cecum) and statistical significance (asterisk symbol; p<0.05) was calculated with non-parametric t-test with Monte Carlo permutations (n = 999).</p

Fluctuations on the rumen and cecum archaeal microbiota in lichen-fed Norwegian reindeer.

<p>Mean values for the total 16S rRNA sequences assigned to each phylotype are displayed, with taxonomical classification at species/strain level. Standard error (black lines) and statistical significance (asterisk symbol; p<0.05) with permutation Welch’s <i>t</i>-test (9999 permutations) analysis were also included. Only samples from the same sampling site were used for statistical comparisons (i.e. rumen or cecum). Rumen sample from reindeer fed pellets (Rumen pellets) (red); Rumen-lichen (blue); Cecum pellets (green); Cecum lichen (orange).</p

Concentration of methanogens, bacteria and protozoa in the rumen of Norwegian reindeer.

<p>Concentration of methanogens, bacteria and protozoa in the rumen of Norwegian reindeer.</p

Concentration of methanogens, bacteria and protozoa in the cecum of Norwegian reindeer.

<p>Concentration of methanogens, bacteria and protozoa in the cecum of Norwegian reindeer.</p

Comparisons of imputed metagenome prediction of the bacterial and archaeal metagenomes in Norwegian reindeer.

<p>Relative abundances for each KEGG metabolic pathway present in each metagenome were calculated and plotted with STAMP. KEGG pathways that were significantly different (IC: 95%. <i>p</i>-value <0.05) between diets for (A) bacterial and (B) archaeal predicted gene functions are showed. Color pattern is set based on diet composition: pellets concentrate (red); lichens (blue).</p

Anatomical and physiological conditions in the rumen and cecum of Norwegian reindeer at sampling.

<p>Anatomical and physiological conditions in the rumen and cecum of Norwegian reindeer at sampling.</p